protein differentiation 中文意思是什麼

protein differentiation 解釋
蛋白質分化
  • protein : n. 【化學】朊，蛋白（質）。
  • differentiation : n. 1. 差別，區別；區分，劃分。2. 【生物學】分化，變異。3. 【地質學；地理學】（從共同的巖漿產生出不同的巖石的）分異作用。4. 【數學】微分法。
  1. The sequence analysis revealed that the as1 gene encodes a myb protein, which is a candidate transcription factor. in as1 and as2 mutants, the polarity formation in leaves is defective. cell differentiation along abaxial - adaxial, proximal - distal and media - lateral axes all shows an insufficient fashion

    通過掃描電鏡、干涉相差顯微鏡、組織切片、過量表達等手段研究了as1和as2的功能，包括觀察觀察突變體的組織、細胞結構及早期發育狀況，同時採用gus表達、 rt - pcr 、原位雜交、 northern等手段分析基因的表達情況。
  2. Whole mount in situ hybridization showed that amphihmgb transcripts were present ubiquitously in the early embryos from zygote to neurula, but they decreased gradually in mesoderm and endoderm and neural tube with development, and became restricted to epidermal cells in the hatched larva. it appear s that hmgb plays a role in the mitosis and differentiation of embryonic cells. another amphioxus cdna, amphiubf80, encoding ubiquitin / ribosomal fused protein s27a, was isolated from the gut cdna library of b. belcheri tsingtauense

    S004cdna序列編碼一個156個氨基酸殘基組成的蛋白質，與人的泛素蛋白ubf80具有較高的氨基酸序列同源性（ 145 / 156同源） ，且該蛋白具有泛素蛋白ubf80所共有的兩個結構域，即由72個氨基酸組成的泛素介導的蛋白降解結構域和由48個氨基酸組成的核糖體蛋白s27a結構域。
  3. Protein kinase a is camp - dependent kinase, one of the most important signal transduction pathways, plays a pivotal role in growth, differentiation, tumor occur, cell cycle control, etc. pka activators such as camp, 8 - br - camp or phosphodiesterase ( pde ) inhibitor isomethyl butyl xanthine ( imbx ) or purified pka catalytic subunit all can inhibit germinal vesicle breakdown ( gvbd ) and meiotic maturation in mouse oocytes, also in xenopus oocytes

    蛋白激酶a （ proteinkinasea ， pka ）是依賴于camp的絲蘇氨酸蛋白激酶，是重要的信號傳導途徑之一，廣泛參與許多生命過程，包括生長、分化、腫瘤發生、細胞凋亡、細胞周期調控等。以小鼠卵母細胞為實驗對象，給予pka激動劑camp 、 8 - br - camp或磷酸二酯酶抑制劑imbx （ isomethylbutylxanthine ）均可抑制小鼠卵母細胞的胚泡破裂及減數分裂成熟。
  4. Molecular designing of mimic peptide of myeloid differentiation protein - 2 combined with lipopolysaccharide

    2與脂多糖結合的模擬小肽的分子設計
  5. Vanadate, a potent ptpase inhibitor, locks adipocyte differentiation at an early stage in the program and leds to the accumulation of p - c - crkii, a phosphotyrosyl protein that is a substrate for ptpase ha2

    研究發現一種強烈的磷酸酯酶抑制劑- -釩酸鈉能夠作用於脂肪細胞的分化早期過程從而抑制其分化，並使一種ptpha2的底物即酪氨酸磷酸化的蛋白質p - c - crkii累積。
  6. Human bone morphogenetic protein 3 is a member of tgf - b superfamily. lt can induce the differentiation of cartilage and bone tissue in mesenchymal cell. and is important to bone self - repairment and bone development during embryo morphogenesis. in addition, some other biological activities of hbmp - 3 have also been found. such as inducing development of embryo and stimulating differentiation of neural and blood cells. therefore, there is a great prospect in the use of hbmp - 3. there is trace content of hbmp - 3 in human body. it has been expressed in the expression system of eukaryotes and prokaryotes respectively, but its application is restricted because of defects in the process and modification after translation in prokaryotic cells and higher costs and lower yields existed in eukaryotic expression system

    人骨形成蛋白3 （ hbmp - 3 ）屬于tgf -超家族的一員，可以誘導間充質細胞分化為軟骨和骨，在胚胎時期骨骼發育和骨再生修復中起著重要的作用，而且對胚胎發育過程中中胚層的誘導和分化、造血組織的發育以及神經系統的發育和修復等都起著重要作用，因而hbmp - 3有廣闊的市場前景。它在人體內含量極微，盡管研究人員已經在原核細胞和真核細胞表達系統中分別進行了表達，但是由於原核表達系統缺乏翻譯后的加工修飾，真核表達系統存在成本高、產量低等特點，限制了其在臨床上的應用。
  7. Homology analysis showed that pta1 molecule is highly conserved among human, gibbon and monkey, sharing the same sequence about 93 % ~ 95 % at the protein level. pta1 and monoclone antibodies fmu1 - 7 were named as cd226 in 7th workshop and conference on human leucocyte differentiation antigens ( hlda )

    Pta1以及我室制備的一套mabfmu1 - 7在2000年第7屆人類白細胞分化抗原國第四軍醫大學碩士學位論文中文摘要際協作會議中被命名為cd226 。
  8. Western - blot analysis showed the expressed protein was specific to antisera against prv fa strain. the ge - elisa for differentiation of prv infected from vaccination was developed using the expressed ge protein as antigen

    Coli中高效表達的偽狂犬病病毒ge蛋白為抗原，以辣根過氧化物酶（ hrp ）標記的spa為二抗，建立了ge - elisa鑒別診斷方法。
  9. Marie - therese. loones, sandra m. have investigated the developmental expression of heat shock proteins in the nervous system of the unstressed mouse embryo. the results suggested the biological importance of hsps in neuronal differentiation and migration, as well as in cell signaling, protein transport

    Marie - therese . loones ， sandram . dsouza分別研究了熱休克蛋白在小鼠胚胎期和出生后的神經系統發育過程中的分佈情況，推測hsps在神經發育過程中可能與神經細胞的分化、遷移以及神經細胞內的信號轉導和蛋白質的運輸有關。
  10. Acylation stimulating protein inducing 3t3 - l1 preadipocyte differentiation

    促酰化蛋白
  11. In he - 3 and de - 3, 16 protein spots that were absolutely different ( only expressed in diploid embryos but not in haploid embryos or vice versa ) and 16 protein spots that were up - and down - r gulated were identified unambiguously. in he - 2 and de - 2, 20 protein spots that were absolutely different ( only expressed in diploid embryos but not in haploid embryos or vice versa ) and 5 protein spots that were up - and down - regulated were identified unambiguously, some of these different proteins are correlative with eyes development, nerve development, development regulation, cell differentiation and maintenance, arthromere formation and signal transduction. it shown that gene expression have significant difference between diploid and haploid during embryos developing

    分別選取其中70個分辨好的差異蛋白質點進行原位胰蛋白酶酶解，酶解的肽片段用基質輔助激光解析電離分行時間質譜（ maldi - tofms ）得到肽質指紋圖譜，再在網上peptident軟體中搜索swiss - prot和trembl數據庫，初步鑒定了he - 3和de - 3上32個差異蛋白質點，其中包括16個表達量上有差異的蛋白質點（ p 0 . 05 ）和16個有無表達的差異蛋白質點，並且初步鑒定了he - 2和de - 2上25個差異蛋白質點，其中包括5個表達量上有差異的蛋白質點（ p 0 . 05 ）和20個有無表達的差異蛋白質點。
  12. Cell adhesion to surface of the substrate is essential to development of the anchorage - dependent cells. only after adhering to surface followed by spreading can cells develop and proliferate. most synthetic polymers used as orthopaedic matrix substitute present hydrophobicity, which may correlates to the low degree of cell attachment. modification with cell adhesion protein / peptides can be benificial to the cell adhesion on polymers and then affect the cell proliferation and differentiation. cell attachment to substrate is primarily mediated by integrins, a widely expressed family of heterodimeric surface receptors. most extrcellular matrix proteins such as fibronectin, osteopontin, collagen type i, bone sialoprotein and vitronectin contain an arg - gly - asp ( rgd ) sequence which is specific to the fixation of cell membrane receptors like integrin. the main aim of this research is to measure, assess adhesion, proliferation of rabbit marrow stromal cells ( mscs ) on the polymers coated by fibronectin, collagen type i or biotie gen, which includes : ( 1 ) biologic characteristics of rabbit mscs were observed by two types of separating method in primary culture. ( 2 ) adhesion, proliferation and differentiation of mscs cultured on polymers coated with biotiegen were assessed. ( 3 ) also, adhesion, proliferation and differentiation of mscs were assessed on plga film or porous plga substrates coated with fibronectin, or collagen type i respectively. ( 4 ) bone formation was observed on the porous plga substrates coated with collagen type i in vivo. this research aims to give new way to make novel synthetic bone with cell adhesion and high bone induction capabilities

    因此將這些蛋白包被、固定到材料表面，觀察骨組織工程種子細胞mscs細胞的粘附、生長特性是本研究的中心環節，並從以下方面進行探討： （ 1 ）採用不同原代細胞分離方法，研究其對mscs細胞的生物學特性影響。 （ 2 ）檢測基因勝肽膠對mscs細胞粘附、增殖及分化的影響。 （ 3 ）分別採用型膠原及纖維粘連蛋白（ fibronectin ， fn ）包被聚乙醇酸-乳酸共聚物（ poly （ 1actide - co - glycolide ） ， plga ）膜及多孔塊型plga材料，觀察細胞在單層或三維培養狀態下，型膠原及fn對mscs細胞粘附、增殖及向成骨細胞分化效應及能力。
  13. Phopholipase c - 1 ( plc - 1 ) is widely known to play an important role in regulating cell proliferation and differentiation, development of the organisms, cell transformation and oxidative stress. till now, the mechanism how phopholipase c - 1 acts can not be thoroughly illustrated, nor has the interaction between plc - 1 pathway and other signal pathways been systematically reported. this research chose 2 - de + ms as the basic method from all kinds of proteomics strategies and compared the total protein expression map of mef genetically deficient in plc - 1 ( plc - 1 - / - ) to that of wild type mef ( plc - l + / + ) aimed to find some protein spots differentially expressed, thus we can discuss the impact of knockout of plc - 1 on signal transduction initiated by growth factors such as egf comprehensively. in this way, we can study the biological function of plc - 1 and mechanism of plc - 1 pathway indirectly, which will contribute a lot to further analysis

    鑒于plc - 1發揮上述作用的機制尚未完全闡明， plc - 1通路與其他信號通路間的交聯和代償尚無系統報道，又因為以往的研究方法不夠全面，本研究以野生型小鼠胚胎成纖維細胞（ plc - 1 ~ （ + / + ） ）和缺失磷脂酶c - 1的小鼠胚胎成纖維細胞（ plc - 1 ~ （ - / - ） ）為研究模型，在眾多蛋白組學策略中選擇了雙向電泳+質譜（ 2 - de + ms ）作為研究手段，通過對比表皮生長因子（ egf ）刺激24小時後上述兩種細胞的總蛋白質表達差異，全面地探討敲除plc - 1對生長因子誘導的信號傳遞的影響，從而間接研究plc - 1生物學作用、信號傳遞機制及其代償情況，為后續的深入研究打下基礎。
  14. Introduction protein kinase c ( pkc ) is a number of serine / threonine kinase family which play central regulatory roles in a multitude of cellular processes, including cell proliferation, cell cycle progression, differentiation, apoptosis. increasing evidence from studies using in vitro and in vivo systems suggests that pkc is a key regulator of critical cell cycle transitions, including cell cycle entry and exit and the gl and g2 checkpoint

    前言細胞周期是細胞增殖、分化的一個重要過程，它的啟動與進程受到嚴格調控，參與調控的因子不僅包含起正調控作用的細胞周期素（ cyclins ） 、細胞周期蛋白依賴性激酶（ cyclin - dependentkinase ， cdk ） 、還有起負調控作用的cdk抑制因子（ cyclin - dependentkinaseinhibitor ， cki ） 。
  15. Honokiol, as a major active constituent extracted from the bark of magnolia officianlis, can inhibit tumor growth through cytotoxic activity, inducing differentiation and apoptosis, inhibiting vessles, synthesis of enzyme, dna, rna and ( or ) protein

    和厚樸酚作為木蘭科植物厚樸的主要活性成分，通過細胞毒作用，抑制新生血管，誘導細胞分化，誘導細胞凋亡，抑制酶的合成以及抑制dna ， rna和（或）蛋白質的合成等機制發揮了抗腫瘤的作用。
  16. During induced differentiation we observed the changes of the cell morphology, the number of the cells and the expressions of neuron specific enolase ( nse ) and glial fibrillary acidic protein ( gfap ) in the cells

    同時觀察誘導期間細胞形態數目的變化及神經元特異性烯醇化酶heuronsrecificenolase ， nse ）和膠質纖維酸蛋白（ liali brillnyacidicprotein ， gfap ）的表達情況。
  17. Then protein crystal of eif - 5a was observed using atomic force microscopy. further, the polyclonal and monoclonal antibodies were gained from immunized rabbits and rats. hypusine - contained eif - 5a plays a role in cell growth and differentiation

    用得到的重組蛋白分別免疫家兔和小鼠，獲得兔的抗血清和三株持續分泌單抗的雜交瘤細胞株，為進一步分析eif - 5a的功能提供了檢測手段。
  18. The expression of ndrg protein family is regulated by lots of intracellular and extracelluar factors. ndrg1 protein expression is upregulated by homocystein > tunicamycin and p53. in addition, the expression is also activated when differentiation is induced by chemicals such as retinoic acid or when cells are under oxidative stress conditions caused by hypoxia > nickel and other reductive agents

    Ndrg家族的表達受很多內外界因素的調節，上調ndrg1的有：第四軍醫大學碩士學位論文hoidocystcin 、 tillllcmpcin 、細胞氧化應激（缺氧、 np 、各種還原試劑l視黃酸、 p53等；下調的有： nrgen 、 c illyc 、 ump等。
  19. Lipid rafts and caveolae are found to be essential for insulin - like growth factor ( igf ) - 1 receptor signaling during 3t3 - l1 preadipocyte differentiation induction. in 3t3 - l1 cells, igf - 1 receptor is located in lipid rafts and caveolae of the plasma membrane and can directly interact with caveolin - 1, the major protein component in caveolae

    通過免疫熒光和純化脂質筏/質膜微囊的方法，發現igf - 1受體定位於脂質筏和質膜微囊中，而且igf - 1受體可以直接和微囊素1相互作用。
  20. Changes of calcium calmodulin - dependent protein kinase gene expression during differentiation of 3t3 - l1 preadipocyte

    1脂肪細胞誘導分化過程中的表達變化
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