public utility industry 中文意思是什麼

public utility industry 解釋
公用工業
  • public : adj (opp private)1 公共的,公眾的,公用的;人民的,社會的,國家的;政府的,公營的,公立的。2 (...
  • utility : n 1 有用,有益;實用,【經濟學】效用;功利;〈常 pl 〉 有用的東西。2 【哲學】功利主義。3 【戲劇】...
  • industry : n. 1. 勤勞,勤奮,刻苦。2. 工業,產業,實業,事業。3. 〈集合詞〉資方。4. 有組織的勞動,經常的工作[努力]。
  1. The former mostly includes finance trench, which consists of urban maintenance and constructive tax, add - ons of public utility, urban land - using tax, the debt of local government, remise of urban state - own land - using right and special national debt capital, and so on ; administrative charge trench, which consists of apportion, raising the price of urban infrastructure products and services, and so on ; practicality investing trench, which mostly consists of corresponding capital for urban infrastructure provided by real estate exploiters ; other financing trenches, which consist of time - limiting remise of operating authority on urban infrastructure section, introducing into foreign capital, short term loan of civil financing institution, and so on. the latter includes the innovation on the main investors, which consist of the anticipation of civilian capital and other non - financing institutions, and the innovation on financing tools, which consist of project financing, investment funds on industry, municipal bonds and initial public offering, and so on

    前者主要指以政府作為投資主體下的各種融資工具,包括財政稅收渠道(包括城市維護建設稅和公用事業附加、城鎮土地使用稅、地方政府債務、城市國有土地使用權有償出讓、國債專項資金等) ;行政收費渠道(包括攤派、提高基礎設施產品和服務的價格等) ;實物投資渠道(主要是讓房地產開發商為城市基礎設施提供配套資金) ;其它融資渠道(包括市政設施部門專營權有限期出讓、引進外資、國內金融機構的短期貸款等) ;後者則包括融資主體的創新(民間資本的參與以及其它非銀行金融機構的介入)和融資工具的創新(項目融資、產業投資基金、市政債券、股票上市等) 。
  2. The total sales include : ( 1 ) commodities sold to urban and rural residents and social groups for their consumption ; ( 2 ) commodities so ld to establishments in industry, agriculture, construction, transportation, post and telecommunications, wholesale and retail trades, catering trade and public utility for their production and operation ; ( 3 ) commodities sold to wholesale an d retail establishments for re ? selling, with or without further processing ; and ( 4 ) commodities for direct export to other countries

    商品銷售總額包括: ( 1 )售給城鄉居民和社會集團消費用的商品; ( 2 )售給工業、農業、建築業、運輸郵電業、批發零售貿易業、餐飲業、服務業等作為生產、經營使用的商品; ( 3 )售給批發零售貿易業作為轉賣或加工后轉賣的商品; ( 4 )對國(境)外直接出口的商品。
  3. For a long time, urban gas industry has always been a public - spirited utility, being monopolized by state - owned corporation in china

    長期以來,我國一直把城市燃氣作為公益性事業,實行國有企業壟斷經營的規制體制。
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