rate limiting 中文意思是什麼
rate limiting
解釋
速率定限-
Translocation from endocytic compartments to the cytosol is the essential and rate - limiting step in the intoxication process of most toxins such as ricin, diphtheria toxin, shiga toxin and pseudomonas exotoxin ( pe ). a number of these toxins are transported to trans - golgi network ( tgn ), and in many cases such transport to the tgn is required for the translocation and cytotoxicity. in deed, 5 % of the ricin endocytosed by cells has been shown to reach the tgn
蓖麻毒素進入細胞的機理不甚明了，一般認為是rtb先與細胞膜受體結合，主要經過受體介導的內吞作用進入吞噬體，然後沿著內體、高爾基體、內質網等逆向分泌途徑，有序地運輸到內質網，最後從內質網轉位進入細胞漿，在胞漿內攻擊核糖體，從而抑制蛋白質的合成，導致細胞死亡。 -
By introducing a licensing system and controlling the number of fishing licences i. e. limiting the entrants, the flp provides a framework for reducing the fishing effort, in turn slowing down the extraction rate of marine resources
透過引進發牌制度，以及規管牌照數目即限制牌照擁有人數目，魚牌制度能減少捕魚船數目，從而減慢海洋資源的開采速度。 -
Quinic acid, used shikimate pathway in e. coli, it is necessary to extend metabolic pathway by introduction of a heterogenous gene qutb into the host cell. double specific enzyme genes arog, qutb or three ones arog, qutb, arob were co - expressed in a single plasmid pbv220 to improve the enzymes " rate - limiting reactions. modifications of e. coli chromosome by both disruption of the arod gene and directed - site insertion of the arob gene resulted in the change of carbon flow redirected into the quinic acid biosynthesis branch
利用大腸桿菌莽草酸途徑合成新的代謝物奎尼酸，須在宿主細胞引入異源酶基因擴展代謝途徑；串聯表達酶基因，同時適量增加不同種屬的多個關鍵酶酶量，改善限速反應；利用同源重組進行基因整合和基因破壞，改造染色體結構定向改變微生物代謝途徑；目的是將碳代謝流最大程度的引向奎尼酸生成的方向。 -
The common biosynthesis pathway of aromatic amino acids includes seven steps from dahp to chorismate acid. for the common pathway, 3 - dehydroquinate ( dhq ) synthase ( encoded by arob ), 5 - enolpyruv - oylshikimate s - phosphate ( epsp ) synthase ( encoded by aroa ), and chorisma - te synthase ( encoded by aroc ] are rate - limiting enzymes
芳香族氨基酸的合成步驟有七步是共同的，亦即從dahp到分支酸的合成步驟，其中脫氫奎寧酸合成酶（ arob ） 、 5 -烯醇式丙酮酰莽草酸合成酶（ aroa ）和分支酸合成酶（ aroc ）是此代謝途徑的關鍵酶。 -
Chorismate acid is branch point in aromatic amino acids biosynthesis, related to phenylalanine, bifunctional enzymes chorismate mutase / prephenate dehydratase ( encoded by phea ) is rate - limiting enzyme
分支酸是芳香族氨基酸合成途徑的分支點，與苯丙氨酸合成有關，雙功能酶分支酸變位酶-預苯酸脫水酶（ phea基因編碼）是關鍵酶。 -
The general nonlinear propagation equations of four - lightwaves in birefringent fibers are deduced. the characteristics of polarization mode dispersion in 4 + 10gb / sdwdm system in dispersion - flattened fibers is studied. our results show that pmd exerts a detrimental influence on 4 x logb / sdwdm system in limiting transmission rate and the channel numbers
本論文研究波分復用（ wdm ）系統中偏振模色散的影響，主要工作包括下面兩個部分：一、導出了四波長光波在雙折射光纖中傳輸所滿足的一般非線性耦合方程；在此基礎上，研究色散平坦光纖中4 10gb sdwdm系統的偏振模色散特性，並且進一步研究了偏振模色散對不同通道間隔的4 10gb sdwdm系統的影響。 -
Limiting enclosures. method of control of the leak rate per hour. enclosures of class 4
安全殼.時泄漏率檢驗方法. 4級安全殼 -
Limiting enclosures. method of control of the leak rate per hour. enclosures of class 3
安全殼.時泄漏率檢驗方法. 3級安全殼 -
The reason is the tried and tested policy and practice of limiting spending increases to within the trend growth rate of gdp over time
這全賴我們採用久經考驗的政策和做法，就是在一段期間內，政府開支增長不得超逾本地生產總值趨勢增長。 -
The theoretical analysis shows that mz - ifog can be used to detect the rotation rate of moving objects. a systematic analysis of transfer characteristics of mz - ifog is made. performance - limiting factors, including the path - length difference, the disturbance of temperature fluctuation and stress from working environment, the quality of light source, are all discussed along with methods to reduce their effect on the output signal
本文用系統的方法分析了mz型干涉式光纖陀螺儀的光傳輸特徵，指出了其較大的非互易性因素-臂長差的存在，分析了工作環境因素（溫度，應力） 、光源質量（輸出光束中心波長、光功率波動及偏振態波動）對系統工作性能的影響，並指出了減少系統非互易因素、抑制噪聲、提高檢測穩定性的措施。 -
6 ), the process that h20 is adsorbed on the electrode surface and the hydroxyl group is formed to oxidize the co may be the rate - determining step ; in the region iil ( logi > l. 6 ), all of the tafel curves show a curvature until the current densities reach the peak value, indicative of a possible limiting current. the effect of rare earth elements on methanol electro - oxidation has not been reported in literatures
在低極化區（ logi 1 . 3 ） ，甲醇發生脫氫反應並形成反應中間體，其中co成為未被氧化的毒物，此過程成為速率限制步驟；在更高的極化區（ 1 . 3 logi 1 . 6 ） ， h _ 2o吸附在電極表面並解離生成[ oh ] ，促進了co的氧化，此為此階段速率控制步驟：在第3個極化區（ 10gi 1 . 6 ） ， tafel曲線發生彎曲，電流密度也最終達到峰值。 -
Acc synthase is the rate - limiting enzyme of ethylene biosynthesis, and the rate of ethylene biosynthesis is tightly controlled by the activeness of acc synthase in plants
Acc合酶（ acs ）是高等植物乙烯生物合成途徑中的限速酶，它在植物組織內的活性大小往往決定著乙烯產生的速率。 -
It reframes the traceback problem as a polynomial reconstruction problem, and uses techniques from algebraic coding theory to provide robust methods of transmission and restriction. the scheme is a new solution to the traceback problem during a dos attack ; the honeypot for ddos, which is a tool of traceback, lures the attacker to believe that he successfully compromised a slave for his needs, convincingly simulating the architecture of a potential ddos attack ; the source - based approach to ddos defense, which is a useful adjunt to traceback systems, deploys a ddos defense system at source - end networks. attacks are detected by monitoring two - way traffic flows, and the attacks originating from source networks are stopped by rate - limiting ; the routing mechanism based on pushback treats ddos attacks as a congestion - control problem
最後，就有關ddos攻擊反向追蹤問題，從四個方面對其解決方案進行了研究：在分析比較幾種反向追蹤演算法的基礎上，著重研究了代數方法編碼反向追蹤信息的方案，該方案把追蹤重構問題當作多項式重構問題，使用代數編碼理論技術提供魯棒的傳送和重構方法，是dos攻擊過程中的反向追蹤問題的一種新的解決方法； ddos陷阱作為反向追蹤的工具，引誘攻擊者相信自己成功與所需的傀儡主機通話，令人信服地模擬出潛在ddos攻擊體系結構；基於源的ddos防禦方法作為反向追蹤有用的補充，將防禦系統部署在源網路，通過監控雙向流量檢測攻擊和限制速率終止來自源的攻擊；基於向後倒推的防禦ddos的路由機制把ddos攻擊看作擁塞控制問題，添加功能到每個路由器來檢測並優先丟棄可能屬于攻擊的包，通過向後倒推上級路由器也得到通知而把這樣的包丟棄。 -
By effectively managing and controlling of electric load, we can improve load curve and advance using rate of power supply equipment, which can prevent from drawing strobe and limiting electricity and avoid affecting social produce and life
對用電負荷進行有效的管理和控制可改善負荷曲線，提高發供電設備的利用率，可防止拉閘限電，避免影響社會生產和生活。 -
Then the operation principle of the device is introduced to the readers and the definition of the limiting rate of the fault current and the compensation degree of the series reactance is done. in this section, the author designs the snubber circuit and the gate drive circuit of the gto
首先，在總結前人研究成果的基礎上，提出了pwm - fcl的拓撲結構，並對其工作原理進行了闡述，給出了限流度以及補償度的定義，並針對gto的特性，設計了其緩沖保護電路和門極驅動電路。 -
The l - n - carbamoylase of arthrobacter bt801, coded by the hyuc gene, is the rate - limiting and the only stereoselective enzyme. hydantoin hydrolase gene ( hyuh ) and n - carbamoylase gene ( hyu c ) were amplified from the plasmid of puc18 - 169 by pcr and, at the same time, activity expression was obtained in e. coli and pichia pastor is gs115 respectively
節桿菌bt801的乙內酰脲水解酶催化乙內酰脲類化合物水解開環， n -氨甲酰基氨基酸水解酶是該菌乙內酰脲酶系中惟一具有立體選擇性的酶，也是整個反應體系的限速酶。 -
Prostaglandin e synthase ( pges ) is the terminal rate - limiting enzyme for pge2 synthesis, which catalyzes the conversion of pgh2 into pge2. there are two isoforms of pges, microsomal pges ( mpges ) and cytosolic pges ( cpges )
前列腺素e合成酶（ pges ）是pge _ 2生物合成過程中的終端限速酶，催化環氧合酶的產物pgh _ 2轉化為pge _ 2 。 -
A rate - limiting step to long - term survival in heart transplant patients is coronary arteriopathy, which is marked intimal proliferation with lumenal narrowing of the small epicardial and intramyocardial coronary artery branches, leading to ischemic changes
冠狀動脈影響到心臟移植病人能否長期存活，它的特徵有內膜增生伴有心外膜以及心肌內的冠狀動脈分支管腔狹窄，從而導致缺血性改變。 -
Prostaglandin e synthase ( pges ) is the terminal rate - limiting enzyme for pge2 synthesis, which catalyzes the conversion of pgh2 into pge2
前列腺素e合成酶（ prostaglandinesynthase ， pges ）是pge2生物合成過程的末端限速酶，催化環氧合酶的產物pgh2轉化成pge2 。 -
1. overexpression of the rate - limiting enzyme genes of e. coli strain e. coli w3110 chromosome dna and plasmid pg908 dna were separately used as template to amplfy genes arob and arog by pcr, the dna sequencing showed that the cloned genes were in agreement with the reported sequences
大腸桿菌arog 、 arob基因的克隆與表達分別以大腸桿菌（ e . coli ） w3110染色體dna和質粒pg908dna為模板，用pcr方法擴增得到了arob基因和抗反饋抑制的arog基因，序列測定與文獻報道一致。
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