reasonable burden 中文意思是什麼

reasonable burden 解釋
合理負擔
  • reasonable : adj. 1. 合理的；明白道理的，懂道理的；有理性的。2. （要求等）適當的；（價錢等）不高的；適度的。adv. -bly ,-ness n.
  • burden : n 1 擔子，馱子；負荷，裝載量，載重噸數。2 負擔，包袱，重累。3 責任，義務。vt 1 使負重擔；使煩惱，...
  1. On any such application : the burden shall be on microsoft to demonstrate unreasonableness ; and the tc member shall be entitled to recover all costs incurred on such application including reasonable attorneys fees and costs, regardless of the court s disposition of such application, unless the court shall expressly find that the tc s opposition to the application was without substantial justification

    目前普遍接受的「原產地」定義是：經一個以上國家加工製造的產品的原產地，是對該產品施加最後一個實質性改變形成了一種完全不同的名稱特徵或用途的新產品的國家，而原產地原則的主要作用體現在關稅的徵收上。假設有甲乙兩國是wto的成員國，丙國不是wto成員。
  2. In united states v. carroll towing co., he defined reasonable care in algebraic terms. under the learned hand rule, a party is found negligent and therefore liable for ( at least part of ) the damages resulting from his actions if b < pl. " b ", the burden of adequate precautions, is the accident avoidance cost

    漢德法官在對「美利堅合眾國訴卡羅爾拖輪公司案」的審理中，根據此理論提出了廣為人知的「漢德公式」 ： b pl ，即侵害方是否承擔責任取決於他採取預防措施的費用）是大於還是小於事故發生的可能性叩）和事故造成的損失幾）的乘積。
  3. Chapter 5 : the building of reasonable limit of national debts " quan tity of the debts " burden model and demonstration. in this part, on the basis of the domar model, we build three models that accord with the situation of china and make predictions for reference

    第五章債務負擔合理數量界限模型的構建與實證分析，完善了多馬國債模型的不足，構建了更符合我國國情的合理數量界限模型，並進行了實證分析。
  4. What are the most important factors that affect the size of debts issuing ? these problems arouse attentions in the theoretical field, but there are n ' t conclusions any thus far. after analyzing the burden of national debts and finding the factors that affect the reasonable limit of the national debts " quantity, this dissertation build quantity models for it, and make predictions for reference

    本文即從這樣的現實出發，在深入分析了我國國債債務負擔及其影響因素的基礎上，完善了多馬國債模型，從國債發行外生給定和內生給定兩種情況下，建立了適合於我國國情的國債合理數量界限模型，並進行了實證分析，給出了我國國債2004年至2015年的國債本息稅率預測值。
  5. The dissertation is divided into six chapters. chapter 1, summary, which explain the importance of the topic and suggest the system, method, and main contents of this dissertation. chapter 2 : the research of the theory of national debt and the practice of the debts issuing in china, in this part, we sum up the theory of national debts and the method of researching moderate scale in china and other countries. chapter 3 : the analysis of burden of national debts in china, which analyze the debts " burden by the rate of debts " burden and the rate of repayment of debts and the degree dependence of debts and so on. chapter 4 : influence factor study of the reasonable limit of national debts " quantity, in this chapter we get the factors that mostly affect the scale. using the actual datum and modern econometric and statistical analysis method, we conclude that the repayment of capital and interest and the finance deficit are the most important factors

    第二章國債理論研究進展和我國的國債實踐，綜述國內外國債理論研究的進展和我國國債發行的實踐以及國債適度規模的研究方法。第三章我國國債債務負擔分析，主要從政府償債能力和社會應債能力兩方面，選取了債務依存度、國債負擔率和國債償債率等指標，通過橫縱對比，對我國國債債務負擔進行了分析。第四章債務負擔合理數量界限的影響因素分析，選取了九個與國債密切相關的指標，通過多重共線性診斷、最佳回歸模型的選擇分析，最後選定國債還本付息額和財政赤字兩個與國債規模最密切的指標。
  6. To control the rapid increase of the costs for medical and health care and lighten the social burden so that to ensure the people to enjoy a quality medical and health service and drug supply at reasonable prices

    抑制醫藥費用的過快增長，減輕社會負擔，最終保障廣大人民群眾享有價格合理、質量優良的醫療服務和藥品供應。
  7. Restorative criminal responsibility needs and can obtain the reasonable annotation in elementary theory issues of criminal law, such as the law profit, crime essence, criminal activity legal relationship and legal responsibility : ( 1 ) the crime of violating the individual law profit is not the violation that aims at the abstract national or social entity, but aims at the individuals ; ( 2 ) " inspiring the authority " is not the basic task of the modern civil rights criminal law, maintaining victim ' s rights and interests and safeguarding that of criminal ’ s are “ two sides of the whole body ” of modern criminal law functions, neglecting any side at the same time inevitably enable the criminal judicature not to sink into region of the righteousness ; ( 3 ) in the concrete criminal activity legal relationship, the crime victim is the natural subject, the related country judicial organ is the subject of investigating the crime responsibility, or that of the judgment or execution, country in the overall significance cannot become the subject ; ( 4 ) repair and compensation of the crime harm is by no means a matter of civil liability, but is the basic entity burden of the legal responsibility which the criminal must shoulder

    恢復性刑事責任需要且能夠在法益與犯罪本質、刑事法律關系及刑事責任等刑法基本理論問題上得到合理詮釋: （ 1 ）侵害個人法益犯罪並不是針對抽象的國家或社會實體的侵害，而是針對私人的侵害; （ 2 ） 「重振權力」不是現代民權刑法的基本任務，保障與維護受害人和犯罪人合法權益是現代刑事法功能之一體兩面，忽視任何一面勢必使刑事司法陷於不義之境地; （ 3 ）在具體刑事法律關系中，犯罪受害人是當然主體，有關國家司法機關是犯罪責任之追訴或裁判或執行主體，整體意義上的國家並不能成為主體; （ 4 ）犯罪損害的修復與賠償並非民事責任的事情，而是犯罪人應當擔負的刑事責任之基本的實體性負擔。
  8. Therefore, it concludes that under the premise of maintaining a relatively low tax burden, we should construct a scientific and reasonable multiple tax system

    因此，提出在保證較低整體稅負的前提下，構建科學合理的復合稅制體系。
  9. Social endowment insurance executes a society to tie kind with individual account photograph as a whole, endowment insurance charge is mixed by country, unit individual tripartite is reasonable burden

    社會養老保險實行社會統籌和個人帳戶相結合方式，養老保險費用由國家、單位和個人三方合理負擔。
  10. Answer : social endowment insurance executes a society to tie kind with individual account photograph as a whole, endowment insurance charge is mixed by country, unit individual tripartite is reasonable burden

    答：社會養老保險實行社會統籌和個人帳戶相結合方式，養老保險費用由國家、單位和個人三方合理負擔。
  11. In the uk, it takes the principle of the slander system in the common law and forms maturity burden of proof system ; the case of new york times co. v. sullivan in 1964, takes the american media defamation into a new step of adjustment of constitution law, and the american law field also makes an effort to construct a better reasonable burden of proof system besides the tortious law

    英國秉承著傳統普通法在誹謗制度上的原則，形成了一個較為完備的證明責任體系; 1964年的「 《紐約時報》訴薩利文案」則使美國媒體誹謗案件進入了憲法調整的新階段，美國司法界一直努力在侵權法體系之外構建一個更合理的證明責任制度。
  12. Shifting the burden of proof of is the special provision and exception of the principle of burden of proof, during drafting " civil evidence code ", divergences about how to regulate the burden of proof appear, jurists have diffirent opinions on it, this paper set out from those divergences and disputes, discussing in detail with six sections : the disputes on the shifting the burden of proof, reasonable define the conception about shifting the burden of proof, the relation of shifting the burden of proof and deduction, shifting the burden of proof in present law and regulations, the function of shifting the burden of proof and the civil cases suitable for this regulation, legislative proposition. this artical elabrates the theoretical and realistic foundation of shifting the burden of proof. moreover, shifting the burden of proof is a phenomenon of proceeding and other regulations of solution to disputation, it is not confined to those laws and regulations of procedure, but also exist in substantial law

    舉證責任倒置是舉證責任分配規則中的特殊與例外，在民事證據法的草擬過程中對舉證責任倒置的存廢與否產生了分歧，法學界對此的觀點也呈現出百花齊放的態勢，本文從舉證責任倒置爭議與分歧的觀點出發，基於舉證責任倒置存在與否的爭議、舉證責任倒置概念的合理界定、舉證責任倒置與推定的關系、舉證責任倒置在我國現行法律中的體現、舉證責任倒置的功能及可適用民事案件的具體類型、舉證責任倒置立法完善的構想共六個部分具體闡述，從理論角度、司法實踐及立法構想三個不同的視角分析舉證責任倒置在我國的存在的理論意義、現實意義與立法前景，表明舉證責任倒置不僅在我國具有立法基礎而且有實踐環境，闡述舉證責任倒置雖然是出現于訴訟或是解決爭議的其他程序中的一個現象，但它又不局限於訴訟及其他解決爭議的程序規范，從現有的法律規范及法律實踐來看，舉證責任倒置與實體法是「同呼吸，共命運」的，用句老話說就是「皮之不存，毛將焉附? 」
  13. Therefore, attention should be paid to tax - planning in m & a so as to reduce the m & a and lighten the tax burden. the tax planning in m & a is an advanced and reasonable plan to choose the object and finance. it can help the company reduce the cost and achieve the goal of value maximization

    企業並購中的稅收籌劃則是從稅務角度對目標企業的選擇、出資方式及融資行為等並購活動進行科學、合理的事先籌劃和安排，盡可能減少企業納稅成本，實現企業整體價值最大化。
  14. On the determination of the establishment of a trade secret tort case, the principle of " contact + similarity - reasonable source " may be applied, that is. a combination of the limited strict burden of proof for the right - holder and the limited burden of rebuttal for the defendant

    在具體認定侵犯商業秘密行為是否成立的問題上，可以運用「接觸十相似?合理來源」的認定原則，即權利人的有限的嚴格證明責任和被控行為人的有限度的反證責任的結合。
  15. If the taxpayer can not meet obligations - the burden of the proof prescribed by tax laws to declare the amount of tax due or persuade the tax department to confirm the reasonable of the amount of tax due, the tax department has the power vested by tax laws to assess the taxpayer ' s due. the tax assessment rule is base on equal principle and efficiency principle

    稅款核定製度是因為納稅義務人不能承擔法律規定的舉證責任，說明其應承擔的具體納稅義務量，或者說服征稅機關承認其宣示的具體納稅義務量，而由征稅機關根據稅收平等原則，按照稅收效率原則的要求，運用法律賦予的稅款核定權確定納稅義務人應納稅款的制度。
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