risk carrier 中文意思是什麼
risk carrier
解釋
風險承擔人-
In any situation whatsoever and wheresoever occurring and whether existing or anticipated before commencement of or during the voyage, which in the judgment of the carrier or the master is likely to give rise to risk of capture, seizure, detention, damage, delay or disadvantage to or loss of the ship or any part of her cargo, or to make it unsafe, imprudent, or unlawful for any reason to commence or proceed on or continue the voyage or to enter or discharge the goods at the port of discharge, or to give rise to delay or difficulty in arriving, discharging at or leaving the port of discharge or the usual or agreed place of discharge in such port, the carrier may before loading or before the commencement of the voyage, require the shipper or other person entitled thereto to take delivery of the goods at port of shipment and upon failure to do so, may warehouse the goods at the risk and expense of the goods ； or the carrier or the master, whether or not proceeding toward or entering or attempting to enter the port of discharge or reaching or attempting to reach the usual place of discharge therein or attempting to discharge the goods there, may discharge the goods into depot, lazaretto, craft, or other place ; or the ship may proceed or return, directly or indirectly, to or stop at any port or place whatsoever as the master or the carrier may consider safe or advisable under the circumstances, and discharge the goods, or any part thereof, at any such port or place ; or the carrier or the master may retain the cargo on board until the return trip or until such time as the carrier or the master thinks advisable and discharge the goods at any place whatsoever as herein provided ； or the carrier or the master may discharge and forward the goods by any means, rail, water, land, or air at the risk and expense of the goods
四、不論任何地方任何情況，不論是在開航前或航程中存在或預料到的，只要承運人或船長認為可能有導致捕獲、扣押、沒收、損害、延誤或對船舶或其貨物不利或產生滅失，或致使起航或續航或進港或在卸貨港卸貨不安全、不適當、或非法，或致使延誤或難于抵達、卸載或離開卸貨港或該港通常或約定的卸貨地，承運人可在裝貨或開航前要求發貨人或與貨物權利有關的其他人在裝貨港口提回貨物，如要求不果，可倉儲貨物，風險和費用算在貨主頭上；承運人或船長，不論是續航至或進入或企圖進入卸貨港，或抵達或企圖抵達港口通常的卸貨地，或企圖在此卸貨，也可將貨物卸在倉庫、檢疫站、駁船，或其他地方；船舶也可續航或回航，直接或間接地，抵達或停留在船長或承運人在此情況認為安全或適當的任何港口或地點，全部或部分將貨物卸在此港口或地點；承運人或船長也可將貨物留在船上，直到回航或直到承運人或船長認為適當時將貨物卸到本合同所規定的任何地方；承運人或船長也可卸貨並將貨物用任何交通工具，經鐵路、水路、陸路、或空運轉運貨物，風險和費用算在貨主頭上。 -
Where the seller sells the subject matter which has been delivered to a carrier for transportation and is in transit, unless otherwise agreed by the parties, the risk of damage or loss is borne by the buyer as from the time of formation of the contract
第一百四十四條出賣人出賣交由承運人運輸的在途標的物，除當事人另有約定的以外，毀損、滅失的風險自合同成立時起由買受人承擔。 -
Article 144 risk allocation for subject matter in transit where the seller sells the subject matter which has been delivered to a carrier for transportation and is in transit, unless otherwise agreed by the parties, the risk of damage or loss is borne by the buyer as from the time of formation of the contract
第一百四十四條出賣人出賣交由承運人運輸的在途標的物，除當事人另有約定的以外，毀損、滅失的風險自合同成立時起由買受人承擔。 -
The freight - prepaid to collect freight is the basic right of the carrier, the freight is untouched and ca n ' t be reduced is an old maritime practice, but the provision of contract law had changes the situation, the risk of freight in transit should be born by the carrier, if loss of goods occurs because of force majeure, the carrier have no right to collect the freight, except as otherwise provided for in the contract
二、預付運費問題，收取運費是承運人的基本權利，運費不可觸動、不得扣減是一個古老的航運慣例，但《合同法》的規定改變了這一慣例，除另有約定外，運費的風險由承運人承擔，貨物因不可抗力滅失的，承運人無權收取運費。 -
The carrier may, in its discretion, in order to secure dispatch for the vessel at port of discharge or trans - shipment of the goods, proceed thence with the whole or any portion of the goods on board and discharge the same on the return trip or subsequent voyage, or discharge the same at any other port and thence carry or forward the same at carrier ' s convenience to destination at vessel ' s expense, but at risk of shipper and consignee in either case, subject in other respects to the provisions of this bill of lading in case of transportation by the carrier, or of the usual bill of lading, of any other carrier performing the same
承運人可根據自己的判斷，為確保在卸：貨港速遣或轉運貨物，此後繼續運送船上的全部或部分貨物，並在回航途中或以後的航行中卸貨，或在其他港口卸貨，並就承運人的方便運載或轉運該貨物至目的地，費用由船方承擔，但兩種情況風險均由發貨人和收貨人承擔，其他方面應按本提單有關承運人運輸的規定處理， ，或按一般提單有關其他承運此貨物的承運人的規定處理。 -
When the goods are discharged from the ship, as herein provided, they shall be at their own risk and expense ; such discharge shall constitute complete delivery and performance under this contract and the carrier shall be freed from any further responsibility
貨物從船上卸下之後，按本合同規定，風險和費用應算在貨主頭上；此種卸貨可視為完成交貨和履行了合同，承運人應不再負有任何責任。 -
If the seller is bound to hand the goods over to a carrier at a particular place, the risk does not pass to the buyer until the goods are handed over to the carrier at that place
如果賣方有義務在某一特定地點把貨物交付給承運人，在貨物于該地點交付給承運人以前，風險不移轉到買方承擔。 -
However, if the circumstances so indicate, the risk is assumed by the buyer from the time the goods were handed over to the carrier who issued the documents embodying the contract of carriage
但是，如果情況表明有此需要，從貨物交付給簽發載有運輸合同單據的承運人時起，風險就由買方承擔。 -
The carrier also saves on the expenditure which he would have otherwise incurred in maintaining freight handing equipment and in employing workers to handle lcl shipments, and he does not have to take the risk of freight payments by the individual shippers as this is taken care of by the freight forwarder
載體在否則會招致在維護的貨物遞設備的他和在僱用工作者對把柄lcl發貨的開支也保存，並且他不必須由各自的托運人冒貨物付款的險，當這由貨物運輸業者照料。 -
The carrier, master and. ship shall have liberty to comply with any orders or directions as to loading, departure, arrival, routes, ports of call, stoppage, discharge, destination, delivery or otherwise howsoever given by the government of any nation or department thereof or any person acting or purporting to act with the authority of such government or any department thereof, or by any. committee or person having, under the terms of war risk insurance on the ship, the right to give such orders or directions
五、承運人、船長和船舶有權遵守任何國家政府或政府部門或代表或旨在代表政府或政府部門行使職權的任何個人所作出的有關裝貨、離港、抵達；航線、停靠港口、停航、卸貨、目的地、交貨或其他事項的命令或指令，或任何委員會或個人根據船舶戰爭風險保險條款規定而有權作出的此種命令或指令。 -
The legal impact that seaborne medium happening includes all sorts of contract concerns, tort relation and the other law concern that cause because of maritime and special risk, basically show carrier, actual carrier is the same as consignor, consignee or between the passenger, bear procrastinate to just be the same as fang zhi be pullinged, underwriter with the relation between insurant
海上運輸中發生的法律關系包括各種合同關系、侵權關系及因海上非凡風險而導致的其他法律關系，主要指承運人、實際承運人同托運人、收貨人或者旅客之間，承拖方同被拖方之間，保險人同被保險人之間的關系。 -
Article 67 if the contract of sale involves carriage of the goods and the seller is not bound to hand them over at a particular place, the risk passes to the buyer when the goods are handed over to the first carrier for transmission to the buyer in accordance with the contract of sale
如果銷售合同涉及到貨物的運輸，但賣方沒有義務在某一特定地點交付貨物，自貨物按照銷售合同交付給第一承運人以轉交給買方時起，風險就移轉到買方承擔。 -
To the solution of how to further shenzhen " s development of hi - tech industry, i point out in my thesis as follows, to accelerate the strategy of relying on science and education to develop the city ; to develop electronic information technology, biological technology and new material technology, with hi - tech industry band as carrier and highlighting invention of system, technology and management ; to build some key hi - tech enterprises and well - known products ; to promote industrial upgrading ; to informationize with strength ; to attract elites ; to protect copy right ; to keep an eye on the risk of investment ; to better the investment environment ; to make shenzhen the base of production and exportation of hi - tech product, the base of hi - tech research and development, the base of transformation and transaction of its outcome, as well as the base of fostering hi - tech elites ; to try to make shenzhen a hi - tech city with clear scale advantage, outstanding industrial features, creation and investment in full bloom, lots of hi - tech elites and pleasant environment
對深圳如何進一步發展高新技術產業的對策問題，我在論文中提出：加武漢理工大學碩士學位論文快實施科教興市戰略，以高新技術產業帶為主要載體，突出體制創新、技術創新和管理創新，重點發展電子信息、生物技術和新材料技術，培育一批高新技術骨幹企業和名牌產品，用高新技術改造和提升傳統產業，推動產業升級，加強信息化建設，吸引創業人才，保護知識產權，防範投資風險，優化創業環境，使深圳成為重要的高新技術產品生產和出口基地，高新技術研發和成果轉化、交易基地，以及高新技術人才培養基地，努力把深圳建設成為規模優勢明顯、產業特色突出、創新體系完善、創業投資活躍、科技人才薈萃、綜合環境優良的高科技城市。 -
The third chapter including four part expounding the relation between delivery cargo without presentation b / l dissension and trade contract. lt is a legal duty of carrier to delivery cargo against presentation b / l. the first part analyses the cause of delivery cargo without presentation b / l and delivery cargo without presentation b / l dissension ; the second part discusses how risk carrier will be suffered at delivery goods without presentation b / l ; the third part simply review the attitude of our national justice practice to delivery goods without presentation b / l dissension ; the fourthly part generalize several kinds of the carrier not take responsibility on basis of learning theory and national inside and outside prejudication, incorporation trade factor
憑正本提單交貨是承運人的一項法另義務，第一部分分析了無單放貨的原因及無單放貨糾紛產生的原因；第二部分論述了承運人在無單放貨中所承擔的風險；第三部分簡單回顧我國司法實踐對無單放貨糾紛案件中承運人責任所持態度的演變；第四部分從學術理論到國內外判例，結合貿易因素，概括了承運人不承擔無單放貨責任的幾種情形。 -
Where the place of delivery was not prescribed or clearly prescribed, if the subject matter needs carriage as provided in item ( i ) of paragraph 2 of article 141, the risk of damage to or loss of the subject matter is borne by the buyer as from the time the seller delivers the subject matter to the first carrier
第一百四十六條出賣人按照約定或者依照本法第一百四十一條第二款第二項的規定將標的物置於交付地點，買受人違反約定沒有收取的，標的物毀損、滅失的風險自違反約定之日起由買受人承擔。 -
Regulation 27a empowers a health officer to make a written direction prohibiting a person from leaving hong kong without the written permission of a health officer, if a health officer has reason to believe or suspect that the person is suffering from the syndrome or has been exposed to the risk of infection of that disease by contact with a person suffering from that disease or is a carrier of that disease
第２ ７ Ａ條賦權， ?生主任在有理由相信或懷疑某人患有嚴重急性呼吸系統綜合癥、因接觸綜合癥患有該疾病的人士而已經蒙受感染該疾病的危險、或是該疾病的帶菌者，作出書面指示禁止該人在未獲?生主任的書面準許下離開香港。 -
Goods or articles carried in any such compartment are at the sole risk of the owner thereof and subject to all the. conditions, exceptions and limitations as to the carriers liability and other provisions of this bill of lading ; and further the carrier shall not be liable for any loss or damage occasioned by the temperature, risks of refrigeration, defects or insufficiency in or accidents to or explosion, breakage, derangement or failure of any refrigerator plant or part thereof, or by ' or in any material or the supply or use thereof used in the process of refrigeration unless shown to have been caused by negligence of the carrier from liability for which the carrier is not by law entitled to exemption
專門的冷熱艙室所裝運的貨物或物品的風險應由貨主獨自承擔，就承運人的責任而言，應按本提單所有的條件；免責條款和責任限制以及其他規定執行；此外，對因溫度、製冷險、製冷設備或其部件的缺陷、缺乏、事故、或爆炸、損耗，失調或不製冷而導致的，或因製冷過程中使用的任何物資或因其供應或使用而導致的任何滅失或損失，承運人概不負責，除非證明其是因承運人的過失責任而導致，且根據法律承運人無權享受免責。
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