scale-up effect 中文意思是什麼
scale-up effect
解釋
比例放大效應-
( 5 ) nowadays, the measures to cortrol srt include the following : designing the scale scientifically ; improving evaluator ' s competence by trainning ; consummating the laws and rules to astrict evaluators " behavior ; making up effective feedback system to enhance the actual effect
第五，當前，學生評教質量控制的主要措施須針對測評量表的設計、評價者素質的提高、評價制度的建設、測評信息反饋等方面存在的問題開展工作。 -
With the rapid development of the security stock market especially the stock market in chian ， issuing stock and circulating on market became the first choice of financing for more and more enterprise at the same time ， more and more investors are attracted by the relately high initial return of stock however ， the problem of ipos underpricing always exists in the stock market according to the data of more than one thousand chinese stocks ， most new issues had great raise in the first trade day ， and investors could acquire higher initial return than the average return of the stock market or the same industry we find that initial returns on a - share ipos average reached 132. 24 percent the main body of this paper is made up of six sections ： in the first part ， we introduced the method of the estimate of pricing decision ； in the second part ， we analyzed the method of the pricing decision and issuing system in china ， discussed the advantage and weakness of the various issuing methods ， and compared the economic efficiency between the examine and approve system and authorization system ； in the third part ， we analyzed the reason of ipo ' s underpricing in detail from information economics and other factors and combined with the environment of the chinese stock markets ， we analyzed the special characteristics in china and how they effect the ipo ' s underpricing in the fourth part ， we analyzed the data of chinese stock market with spss ， made a analysis of the administrative pricing decision and market pricing decision ， studied the underpricing phenomena of chinese stock market ， and analyzed it ' s causes ； in the fifth part ， we made a analysis of the examine approve system and authorization system ； and in the last part ， we drew some conclusions and put forth some policy advices the follow are the conclusions and policy advices in this dissertation ： （ 1 ） from the results of this empirical study ， we found that the issuing price - earning ratio and the market situation before ipos are strongly and positively associated with the underpricing of shares ， the issuing scale of ipo and the hit rate are strongly and negatively associated with the underpricing ； （ 2 ） we found that after the abolishing of ipo ' s p / e ratio and the using of authorization system ， there is no significant difference among the underpricing of shares ， but considered with the market entironment ， we think that the ipo ' s underpricing has been correspondingly reduced （ 3 ） to reduce difference between the primary market and the second market ， we suggested that we shall bring the " over - allotment option ( oao ) " to bear and resume the state - owned share and corporate - owned share to circulate on market as soon possible
本文的主體由六個部分組成：第一部分介紹新股發行定價的估值方法；第二部分對我國的發行定價方式和發行制度進行分析，探討不同發行定價方式的優缺點，以及審批制和核準制經濟效率分析；第三部分從信息經濟學角度和其他因素的角度詳細分析造成新股發行抑價的原因，並結合我國股票市場實際情況，分析了我國市場的特有因素是否及如何影響一級市場的發行抑價程度的；第四部分利用統計分析軟體spss對我國新股行政化和市場化定價進行實證分析，主要包括新股發行行政化和市場化定價方式的實施情況和效果分析、新股發行行政化定價方式的實證分析，以及新股發行行政化和市場化定價方式的比較實證分析；第五部分利用統計分析軟體spss對我國新股發行審批制和核準制進行實證分析；第六部分是本論文的主要結論。本文的主要結論和建議有： （ 1 ）從實證分析結果看，我國新股發行抑價與市場環境、發行市盈率呈顯著正向關系，與發行規模、申購中簽率等呈顯著反向關系。 （ 2 ）取消發行市盈率限制和實施核準制等市場化改革措施並沒有降低發行抑價的絕對水平，只是由於市場環境的因素，發行抑價的相對水平才有所降低。 -
The city grows up to regional economic growth pole by the gathering economy and economies of scale, makes full use of the pole effect and drop effect. and its material progress and cultural and ideological progress develop and diffuse continuously, industrial structure convert to higher grade, the urban and rural develop together and become integration
城市通過聚集經濟和規模經濟效益，成長為區域經濟的增長極，發揮極化效應和涓滴效應，使城市物質文明和文化不斷發展、擴散，城市和區域產業結構不斷轉換升級，城鄉共同發展，最終實現城鄉一體化的過程。 -
4 ) adopt the method of psychology - physics experimentation to discuss the color scheme of electronic map and verify the effect of the electronic map ' s multi - scale representation. finally, sum up the rules of electronic map ' s representation from map area load
4 ）採用心理物理學實驗的方法探討了電子地圖的顏色設計方案和多尺度表達的效果驗證，從圖面面積載負量的角度總結了電子地圖表達的規律。 -
Jonathan katz, of the university of washington, who worked out the details of the mpemba effect, said the solutes are calcium and magnesium bicarbonate, which make most drinking water " hard " and when the water is heated, these elements precipitate to form the solid scale that " furs " up the inside of a kettle
來自華盛頓大學的jonathan katz ，發現了姆潘巴現象的細節。他說，溶質是鈣和鎂的重碳酸鹽，這些物質使很多飲用水變得很「硬」 ，當水被加熱后，這些物質沉澱生成了固體物質，並在水壺內壁形成水垢。 -
Based on the analysis of effect of operation parameters on the atomize results, the method for model selection and scale - up design of centrifugal atomizer for spray humidifier are introduced in this paper
摘要在分析各種運行參數對霧化效果影響的基礎上，介紹了噴霧增濕塔用離心式霧化器的選型與放大設計的方法。 -
The damper with concrete ductility column is composed of multiple ductility columns including single, double and generally 3 ~ 5 and up - down rigid mount. the height - ductility column is the concrete column, that height is 1 / 3 of the floor height. the up - down rigid mount connects rigidly multiple ductility columns. the damper sets the first floor of the soft first - storey structure or the layer - floor of the high - rise building, used deformation scale effect to consume more seismic energy
混凝土延性柱耗能器由多根（含單根、雙根，一般為3 5根）高度約為層高1 / 3的混凝土延性柱和上下剛性支座（將多根柱剛性連接在一起）組成，設置於底層柔性結構的底層或高層結構的層間，利用變形放大效應消耗更多的地震能量。 -
The company produces the carbon black by using the large - scale innovated reaction stove and using the on - line high temperature pre - heater and raw oil pre - heater to enhance the reaction conditions to improve the quality ; the company is equipped with the excellent wasted goods recycling system controlled by dcs to lift up the pass percentage which helps the whole technological level to reach to the advanced level at home ; in a addition, the critical equipments are imported from the us ; and the company keeps up the technical innovation like generating the electric power by utilizing the produced gas on the course of carbon black production with the effect as raw materials saved and the pollution minimized resulted as well
炭黑生產工藝採用美國大陸炭技術，執行gb3778 - 2003標準，主要生產n220 n330 n660等系列的11個品種的濕法造粒炭黑，年生產能力60000噸。該項目採用大型新工藝夾套反應爐，利用在線高溫空氣預熱器和原料油預熱器，強化反應條件，提高產品質量。公司設有精製及廢品回收系統，提高成品的合格率。 -
Recently, the n / n + and p / p + epitaxial structures have been applied in the study and production of microwave transistor and ultra - large - scale integrated circuits ( ulsi ), and the memorial maintain time of dynamic random access memory can be improved, latch - up effect and soft - error induced by a particles can be resolved through the combination of epitaxy and ig
採用這種結構與ig工藝相結合，能夠大大地提高動態存儲器dram的記憶保持時間，是解決電路中閂鎖效應（ latch - up ）和粒子引起的軟失效（ soft - error ）的最佳途徑。 -
And it can help us to open up the utilization scope of frequency changer. the main content have been studied in this paper. for example, the energy saving effect of the frequency changer utilization in tube - well irrigation, spray irrigation and drip irrigation, the influence of the frequency changer to the degree of consistency in tube - well irrigation, spray irrigation and drip irrigation, and the full - scale test of the frequency changer used in tube - well irrigation
本項目在國內首次提出了變頻調速裝置在管灌中使水泵進行「恆量變壓」變頻運行的設想，並首次對變頻調速裝置在農業節水灌溉中的應用進行了實地試驗研究，該研究成果對變頻調速裝置在管灌、微噴及大棚滴灌中的應用具重要的指導意義，對變頻調速裝置的設計研究及其應用范圍的拓展等具有一定的理論意義和很大的實用意義。 -
And by the law of the coincidence of causes, thousands of petty causes backed one another up and coincided with that event to bring about that movement and that war : resentment at the non - observance of the continental system, and the duke of oldenburg, and the massing of troops in prussiaa measure undertaken, as napoleon supposed, with the object of securing armed peaceand the french emperors love of war, to which he had grown accustomed, in conjunction with the inclinations of his people, who were carried away by the grandiose scale of the preparations, and the expenditure on those preparations, and the necessity of recouping that expenditure. then there was the intoxicating effect of the honours paid to the french emperor in dresden, and the negotiations too of the diplomatists, who were supposed by contemporaries to be guided by a genuine desire to secure peace, though they only inflamed the
而按各種原因偶合的法則，千百個細小原因與這次事件合在一起導致了這次進軍和戰爭：對不遵從大陸體系的指責，奧爾登堡公爵，向普魯士進軍就像拿破崙感覺的那樣僅為通過進軍達到和平，法國皇帝對戰爭的癖好和習慣正好與他的人民的願望一致，以及他對準備工作宏大場面的迷戀，用於準備工作的開支，要求獲取抵償這些開支的利益他在德累斯頓的令人陶醉的榮譽當代人認為是誠心求和卻只傷了雙方自尊心的外交談判，以及與現有事件相呼應，並同事件巧合的數以千萬計的原因。 -
The purpose of this work was to investigate the effect of hydrothermal modification conditions on the preparation of flame retardant mg ( oh ) 2 synthesized via mgcl2 - naoh route in a large - scale experimental set - up designed by the authors
摘要在自行研製的中試設備上用氫氧化鈉合成法水熱改性法制備出了高分散氫氧化鎂阻燃劑，分析了水熱改性條件對制備氫氧化鎂的影響。 -
In order to reconstruct the structure of colleges and universities in china, from 1992 to 2001, covering over 900 colleges and universities, china ' s colleges and universities merged on a large scale. it is a great shock to the management of colleges and universities that were characterized by cutting up the links among departments and regions and accustomed to mandatory planning under the planning economy. this reform has had a far - reaching effect on the development of china ' s higher education
為從根本上改革我國高校條塊分割、辦學分散、重復設置、效益不高的弊端，從1992年開始，至2001年基本結束，我國高校掀起了大規模的合併浪潮，涉及900多所高校，這對習慣于計劃經濟下條塊分割、指令性計劃為特徵的高校管理產生了巨大沖擊，對我國高等教育的發展影響非常深遠。
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