second law of demand 中文意思是什麼
second law of demand
解釋
指從長期來看-
Second part - the main contribution and research results of this paper are focused on as follows : ( 1 ) how to use the measurements of a dual frequency gps receiver to determine the ionospheric delay correction model for single frequency gps of a local range ; ( 2 ) how to separate the instrumental biases with the ionospheric delays in gps observation ; ( 3 ) how to establish a large range grid ionosphere model and use the gps data of chinese crust movement observation network to investigate the change law of ionospheric tec of china area ; ( 4 ) how to improve the effectiveness of correcting ionospheric delays for waas ' s users under adverse conditions. ( 5 ) how to establish the basic theory and the corresponding framework of monitoring the stochastic ionospheric disturbance using gps ( 6 ) how to improve the modelling ability of ionospheric delay according to its diurnal, seasonal, annual variations based on gps ; ( 7 ) how to meet the demand of correcting the ionospheric delay of high - precision orbit determination for low - earth satellite using a single frequency gps receiver 1 extracting ( local ) ionospheric information from gps data with high - precision the factors are systematically described and analyzed which limit the precision of using gps data to extract ionospheric delays
二、具體研究工作的系統報告，主要集中在以下幾方面：研究如何利用單臺雙頻gps接收機的觀測信息確定電離層延遲改正模型，為小范圍的單頻用戶服務；研究如何實時分離gps觀測中的儀器偏差與電離層延遲；研究如何建立較大區域的電離層格網模型，進而初步設想利用中國地殼運動觀測網路深入研究我國領域的電離層的電子濃度變化規律；研究單頻用戶在不利條件下，如何更好地利用電離層延遲改正信息；研究利用gps監測隨機電離層擾動的基本理論和框架方案；研究如何綜合顧及電離層的周日、季節和年變化，進一步提高利用gps模擬電離層延遲的能力；研究如何實現星載單頻gps低軌衛星的精密測軌中的電離層延遲改正要求。 -
First, based on the rapid development trend of the global hi - tech and new - tech industry and aiming at the problem of the inefficient transformation of the hi - tech and new - tech achievements in china, the paper gives a thorough analysis of the supply - demand system, the planning system, the intermediary system, the incentive system as well as the competing system. second, it summaries the general law of the hi - tech and new - tech achievements transformation in china and puts forward some theories and operating models for effectively accelerating the hi - tech and new - tech achievements transformation. third, it puts forward an innovative system conducive for the hi - tech and new - tech achievements transformation
該研究有四項目標：一是依據全球高新技術產業迅猛發展的大趨勢，針對我國高新技術成果轉化效率低的問題，深入地分析了我國高新技術成果轉化（產業化）中的供求機制、計劃機制、中介機制、激勵機制和競爭機制；二是歸納出我國高新技術成果轉化一般規律，提出有效加快我國高新技術成果轉化的理論依據和操作模式；三是構架有利於我國高新技術成果轉化的國家創新體系；四是通過政策與建議篇提出促進高新技術成果轉化的基本途徑和政策措施。 -
The first part is summarization that briefly introduced the origin, definition and judgment of the demand guarantee. on the other hand, it illuminates the economic analysis and evaluation direction. the second part is about the international uniform law of demand guarantee, which mainly introduced the " uniform rules for demand guarantee " ( urdg ) and " united nations convention on independent guarantee and standby letter of credit "
第二部分是見索即付保函的國際統一法，由於見索即付保函在使用上所具有的國際性和國際貿易法領域法律統一化的趨勢，因此這一部分介紹《見索即付保函統一規則》 （ urdg ）和《獨立擔保和備用信用證公約》 。
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