soil 中文意思是什麼

Abel was a shepherd and cain a tiller of the soil

亞伯是個牧人，該隱則是個耕田人。

Soil salinity is one of the most significant abiotic stress for plant agriculture

土壤鹽漬是影響植物生長的重要脅迫條件，嚴重製約著農業生產和土地利用。

Apart from the living components, there are the non - living abiotic components like soil, water and atmosphere

除了生物外，森林亦有非生物存在，例如泥土水分及空氣等。

The abstraction of elements from soil water by plant roots can have a marked effect on chemical reaction rates.

植物根系從土壤水中攝取養分元素能對化學反應速率產生顯著的影響。

The results indicate that : 1. the main physical and chemical characteristics vary regularly : with rising of the altitude, there is a transition from silt > sand > clay to sand > silt > clay in the mechanical composition ; the argic horizon emerges below the altitude of 1600 meters ; the content of organic matter is enrichment, the content of organic carbon of epipedon is higher than 20 g / kg, while the content of organic carbon increases with increasing of altitude, and in the altitude of 3500 - 3700meters, the soils under the meadow have the maximum content organic carbon ; the soils appear acid - slightly acid reaction, the ph decreases appreciably and acid strengthen with increasing of altitude ; the soils higher than the altitude of 2500 meters are base unsaturated, indicating the soil leaching is strong, the ph and bs are distinct plus correlated ; the contents of sio2, al2o3, and fe2o3 of the soil body and clay are all relatively stabilization ; in the soil body, the content of sio2 is much high and cao is very little, the total contents of sio2, a12o3 and fe2o3 occupy 92 % of the mineral parts, the sequence of mineral elements is : sio2 > al2o3 > fe2o3 > k2o > mgo > cao > tio2 > mno

研究結果表明： 1太白山南坡土壤的主要理化性質隨海拔高度的上升呈有規律的變化：隨海拔高度上升，機械組成由粉粒砂粒粘粒逐漸過渡到砂粒粉粒粘粒，海拔1600m以下出現粘化層；土壤有機質豐富，表層有機碳含量一般在20g kg以上，有機碳含量隨海拔高度升高而相應增加，海拔3500 3700m的灌叢草甸植被下有機碳含量最高；土壤呈酸性或微酸性，並隨海拔上升， ph值略微降低，酸性增強，海拔2700m以上的土壤多呈鹽基不飽和狀態，表明土壤淋溶作用較強， ph值和鹽基飽和度呈極顯著正相關；土體與粘粒中的sio _ 2 、 al _ 2o _ 3 、 fe _ 2o _ 3含量相對比較穩定，土體中sio _ 2含量較高， cao含量較少， sio _ 2 、 al _ 2o _ 3和fe _ 2o _ 3含量之和約占土壤礦質部分的92 ，礦質元素含量的順序依次為： sio _ 2 al _ 2o _ 3 fe _ 2o _ 3 k _ 2o mgo cao tio _ 2 mno 。

The factors mainly include soil acidifying, higher organic matter content in the soil, lead of precipitum in the air and the processing of the tea leaves in the factory

這些來源主要包括：茶園土壤酸化和較高的有機質含量，大氣沉降物中的鉛和茶葉的加工過程。

It can also restrain the decomposition of organic substances in the soil and the bind of nitrogen, and wash away the nutritious elements, such as magnesium, calcium, and potassium. the acid rain deprives the soil. it acidifies the rivers and lakes, and dissolves the heavy metal in the soil into water, therefore poisons the fish

它可以直接使大片森林死亡，農作物枯萎；也會抑制土壤中有機物的分解和氮的固定，淋洗與土壤粒子結合的鈣、鎂、鉀等營養元素，使土壤貧瘠化；還可使湖泊、河流酸化，並溶解土壤和水體底泥中的重金屬進入水中，毒害魚類；加速建築物和文物古跡的腐蝕和風化過程；可能危及人體健康。

Biological activity in a soil is influenced by soil acidity and nutrient status.

生物的活動被土壤養分含量狀況所制約。

Determination of exchangeable acidity in forest soil

森林土壤交換性酸度的測定

Analysis on adjusting and control forest soil acidification

淺論森林土壤的酸化與調控

Effects of atmospheric nitrogen deposition on forest soil acidification

大氣氮沉降對森林土壤酸化的影響

In this paper, using the program ( epagpll ), the bored testing pile group of the chinese architecture science and research institute at luokou area are analysised. the comparisons among analytical results of four constitutive models of soil are made, and the deformation of piles and soil, the soil resistance of the piles, the friction beneath cap, the aclinic displacement of the ground soil before piles and the failure pattern of pile group are discussed in detail

本文利用所編的程序，對上海地區豎向荷載作用下的單樁的流變效應進行了分析，並通過樁體位移?時間關系曲線，確定軟土地基上豎直受力樁的承載力，分析了豎直受力樁的最終沉降量的大小，並結合《上海地區地基基礎》地方規范就程序計算結果進行了對比。

After 1965 he acquiesced when they established sanctuaries on that soil.

1965年以後，他默認了他們在那塊土地上建立庇護所。

The acrocarpous group includes the mosses capsule growing from the apex of branch or stem. it is from hdwigiaceae to hylocomiaceae. with bigger body, this group can preserve water and soil in forest ecological system and be favored double by horticulturist

同時，根據研究的標本編制了河北省側蒴蘚類植物分科、分屬、分種檢索表，並根據標本對其中重要的代表種類做了顯微繪圖。

The results indicated that, the total quanlity of major soil microbes declined, of which the minesoils was decreased by 68. 43 % ~ 80. 32 % in the top soil ( 0 - 20cm ) compared with that of the non - minesoils. the proportion of bacteria and actinomyces in the amount microbes decreased, while that of fungi not obviously changed

結果表明：海洲香薷是銅礦區典型的耐銅性植物（ elsholtziaharchowensis ） ，植物體中的重金屬元素含量表現為cu zn pb cd ， cu與土壤元素的相關性最為顯著，其次為zn 。

After analyzing purple soil sampled from neijiang, leshan ofsichuan provinec and yuanmou of yunnan province, the contrast results of microbe quantity feature between surface and subsurface purple soil were obtained as follows. the content of soil organic matter, total and available nitrogen, phosphorous and potassium of surface was higher than subsurface, not relating to the type of purple soil and soil utilization way. the quantity of microbe _ bacteria, actinomyces and mould in surface purple soil was higher than subsurface, which indicated that the organic matter and airy condition in surface soil was more suitable for microbes growing. there was the same tendency in profile change of microbe quantity in purple soil located in temperate _ humid climate of sichuan basin in contrast with dry _ hot climate of yuanmou, yunnan. the nutrient situation of purple soil in sichuan basin shown that state of surface was better than subsurface, while in yuanmou of yunnan the state was on the contrary due to the degradation of surface soil

實驗室對四川內江、樂山和雲南元謀不同類型紫色土表層和亞表層微生物數量特性的比較分析表明：土壤有機質、氮磷鉀全量及其速效量均表現為表層高於亞表層，與紫色土類型和利用方式無關；三大類土壤微生物細菌、放線菌和黴菌數量均表現出表層高於亞表層，表明紫色土表層的有機質和通氣性優于亞表層，適宜於這三大類微生物生長；溫濕氣候條件下的四川盆地和乾熱氣候條件下的雲南元謀其紫色土微生物數量的剖面變化具有相同的趨勢，唯土壤營養狀況在四川盆地紫色土中表現為表層優于亞表層，而在雲南元謀紫色土中由於表層土壤的退化作用表現為亞表層優于表層的相反情況。

The results showed in the paddy field the bacteria were predominated, in the dry land the proportion of fungi and actinomyces was distinctly higher than the other two kinds of soil, in the woodland abundant species of basidiomycetes were found ; the natural degradation speed was low, with the degradation the number and composition of microorganisms changed regularly ; when the c / n ratio was adjusted to 25 " ? 1, the degradation remnant ratio reduced 10. 67 % than the control

結果表明，水田以細菌為主，旱地中真菌和放線菌數量最多，林地中有大量的高等擔子菌；秸稈自然降解較慢，土壤微生物也隨著降解的進行而呈現一定的變化規律；當調節c / n比為25 ： 1時，秸稈的腐解殘留率比對照組下降10 . 67 。 2

They are jinfo mountain in nanchuan county ( natural protection section ), wuling mountain in qianjiang county ( national emphases forest demonstration county which forest cover rate is beyond 50 % ) and zhongliang mountain in beibei county ( artificial destruction is very grave ). some main land use patterns i. e. woodland, garden, infield, abandon infield, shrub and grassplot are selected in those three sample sites. four aspects on soil fertility index of karst environment under different land use patterns in these three sample sites, are revealed in this paper, by using the field test, indoor measure and analysis, outdoor experiment and field investigation, and the knowledge and technique of soil, ecology, physics and chemistry etc. they are physical characteristic ( effective soil thickness, organic layer thickness, soil texture, water - stable aggregate and soil water etc. ), chemical fertility ( organism, omni - n, omni - p, omni - k, alkali - nitrogen, available p, available k and rapid available k etc. ), soil animalcule ( bacteria, fungi, actinomyces and their grosses ) and soil - seed - pool ( plant community diversity index ) in karst ecosystem

本研究以重慶市的南川金佛山（自然保護區） 、黔江武陵山（國家重點退耕還林示範縣，森林覆蓋率50以上）和北碚中梁山（遭人為破壞嚴重）典型巖溶區為對象，選擇了幾種重要的利用方式，包括林地、果園、耕地、棄耕地和灌草坡，採用野外巖溶生態調查和室內試驗測量分析相結合的方法，以不同土地利用方式巖溶土壤肥力為重點，對不同土地利用方式土壤肥力特徵進行量化分析，找出巖溶土壤肥力差異的主要方面及其根本原因，論文主要從土壤剖面物理退化指標（有效土層厚度、有機質層厚度、質地、團聚體、水分含量等） ，化學肥力退化指標（有機質、全n 、全p 、全k 、堿解n 、速效p和速效k等） ，樣地土壤微生物指標（細菌、真菌、放線菌數量及總量）以及樣地土壤種子庫植物群落多樣性等4個方面對重慶典型巖溶區的土壤肥力特徵進行了較為詳細的分析研究，為巖溶地區士壤資源的合理利用及結構的調控管理提供依據。

Soil adhesion may be reduced even if water cannot readily permeate the soil layer.

即使水不易進入污垢內層，也能降低污垢的吸附作用。

Adsorbed pesticide is in equilibrium with that dissolved in the water film around the soil particle.

吸附農藥與溶解在土壤顆粒周圍水膜中的農藥平衡。