standards switching 中文意思是什麼
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Before the 1990s, the digital transmission equipment was based on the technical standards of plesiochronous digital hierarchy ( pdh ). in order to connect the switch to pdh transmission equipment, the switch side needs lots of terminal equipment of the primary rate, i. e., 2048 kbits ( 2m ) switching terminal circuits in compliance with itu - t standards ( e. g. s1240 s dtm trunk module and axe10 s etc module ) and ansi - standard - based 1544 kbits ones
在90年代初期以前，數字傳輸設備是建立在pdh （ plesiochronousdigitalhierarchy ）技術標準上，為了連接交換機到pdh傳輸設備上，在交換機側需要大量的符合基群速率的終端設備，即符合itu - t標準的2048kbits （ 2m ）交換終端電路（如s1240的dtm中繼模塊， axe10的etc模塊）和符合ansi標準的1544kbits交換終端電路等。 -
In switching their focus, the banks took pre - emptive measures to protect their mortgage loan books, which at the same time helped their borrowers, and tightened lending standards in the area of consumer lending
銀行在轉移業務焦點時，亦同時採取防患未然的措施，以保障其按揭貸款帳冊，並協助其借款人，以及收緊消費貸款的貸款準則。 -
Mpls can, therefore, provide an excellent base technology for standards - based vpns. the development of mpls and vpn, which including the basic algorithm of mpls and vpn, the reason of using mpls, the traditional model of vpn, etc. are introduced summarily at first. then, the comparison of ip switching and mpls switching architecture are given
論文首先介紹mpls和vpn的發展、基本原理以及傳統的vpn模型；接著對ip交換體系結構和mpls交換體系結構進行了比較；然後重點介紹基於mpls的vpn的實現；最後結合大連有線電視公司寬帶ip骨幹網這個典型案例介紹mplsvpn在實際工程中的應用並提出構建mplsvpn的一些基本方法。 -
The respondents consider the most effective path to switching to electronic records include public - sector reimbursements, a commitment to standards and building on the lessons learned by the department of veteran affairs
回答者認為最有效的途徑是轉變成電子紀錄，包含公眾賠付，致力於標準的工作和吸收老兵事務署的教訓。
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