state court system 中文意思是什麼
state court system
解釋
州法院體制-
Judicial review system means the united states courts, especially the supreme court has the authority to examine whether the federal or state legislation or constitution of each state is in accordance with the federal constitution
摘要司法審查制即美國法院特別是聯邦最高法院有權審查聯邦和各州的立法是否符合聯邦憲法的制度。 -
At last, the author explains the initial proposition to establish constitution litigation system which includes three parts. the first part discusses the construction of constitution litigation organization is an important aspect to establish constitution litigation system, which should abide by some principles. lt is not fit for state of our country that constitution court, general court and constitution committee alone hold the post of constitution litigation organization in our country. compound constitution litigation organization should be put up, that is to say that constitution supervision committee should be established under the whole state people representative conference and its general committee
最後，論述了建立憲法訴訟制度的初步構想。第一，憲法訴訟機關的設置是重要一環，機關設置必須遵循一定的原則，在我國由憲法法院、單獨由普通法院或憲法委員會擔任憲法訴訟機關不符合我國國情和實際情況，在我國應建立復合式的憲法訴訟機構，即在全國人大及其常委會下設憲法監督委員會，在最高院和高院設立憲法法庭共同行使憲法訴訟權。 -
Each state has its own system of courts, composed of civil and criminal trial courts, sometimes intermediate courts of appeal, and a state supreme court
每個州都有自己的法院體系，由民事和形式初審法院組成，有時還包括上訴法院和州最高法院。 -
This part makes an analysis of the legislation of evidence collecting system, questions the enactment of parties " applying for the court to investigate and collect evidence for objective causes and then dissects the state when parties will find it hard to collect adequate evidence for lack of procedural safeguards of collecting evidence and its consequent on abuses in the judicial practice
本部分對建國以來我國證據收集制度的立法狀況作了評析，重點質疑了當事人因「客觀原因」申請法院調查收集證據的規定，剖析了當事人因缺乏收集證據權利程序保障難以收集到充分的證據材料的狀況及由此在司法實踐中所生成的諸多弊端。 -
State lawyers said that their system guarantees that defendants are held responsible for crimes, if they are not insane, and argues that the supreme court should not use this case to declare for the first time a constitutional right to an insanity defense
州律師說，他們的法律系統保證被告在沒有患精神病時須對犯罪行為負責，而且聲稱最高法院不該用這個案件破天荒地來支持精神錯亂抗辯權。 -
The united states court system includes federal and state courts
美國的法院系統包括聯邦法院和州法院。 -
American law belongs to the common law legal system which mainly origins from case law. in course of its development, the judges, especially those of federal super court and the superior state courts, played a very important role. in order to retain the continuity and the stability of legal system, they made an effort to find the social demands and embedded them into the lively cases. in this way, they constantly reforged the case law legal system of america, making it permanent and fresh
美國法屬于以判例為主要法律淵源的普通法法系。在它發展演化的過程中，法官，尤其是聯邦最高法院和各州最高一級法院的法官們發揮了極其重要的作用。他們在保持法律制度的連續性和穩定性的同時，用心體察社會發展的需求，並把這種需求精心地嵌入一個個鮮活的判例中，不斷重塑著美國的判例法體系，使之恆久而常新。 -
The study program consisted of an introduction to the australian legal system and administrative law by the law school of victoria university, a visit to the victoria supreme court and federal court in melbourne and the state parliament of victoria
其中包括在澳大利亞維多利亞大學法學院學習了解澳大利亞的法律系統和機制，行政法和執法情況，考察了聯邦法院和維多利亞州高等法院及州議會大廈交流學習立法和執法的過程。 -
Part one : thc conccpt and valuc analysis of judicial review system of constitutionality judicial review system of constitutionality is a fundamental system with legal sense to prevent violation of the constitution, which refers to that specially designated state organs examine and conduct whether certain legis1ation or certain acts are constitutional or not. ( generally it refers to the acts of state organ leaders, but in some states, it also includes the acts of political parties, for instance, germany l l l constitutional court can exaxnine the organianion and acts of political pwties. )
第一部分：違憲審查制度的概念與價值分析違憲審查制度是指由特定的國家機關對某項立法或者某種行為（通常為國家機關領導人的行為，有些國家還包括政黨的行為，例如德國憲法法院可以審查政黨的組織和行為）是否合憲所進行的具有法律意義的審查和處理的一種基本制度，是一種為防止違憲而設立的專門制度。 -
The two court systems are to some extent overlapping in that certain kinds of disputes ( such as a claim that a state law is in violation of the constitution ) may be initiated in either system
由於一些爭議事項（比如聲稱州的某一法律違憲）可以訴諸兩個法院體系的任何一個，因此這兩個體系在某種程度上是重疊的。 -
The u. s. court system, as part of the federal system of government, is characterized by dual hierarchies : there are both state and federal courts
美國法院體系是政府聯邦體系的組成部分，它以兩級結構為特點：包括州法院和聯邦法院。 -
However, in examing the existing system established by current related department laws, obvious contradictions and incongruities can be found between that and the above due system deduced from the constitution, which are mainly manifested in the following aspects : first, lack of regulations regarding the filing of prosecutions by prosecutorial organs against major civil illegal activities committed by citizens, legal persons or other organizations hampering state and social public interests ; second, absence of regulations on the participation of civil proceedings of the prosecutorial organs ; third, absence of regulations on lodging protest against non - effective court decisions ; fourth, failure to incorporate into regulations supervision models such as the issuing of prosecutorial suggestion and notice to redress illegalities, which prove to be effective in prosecutorial practices
但是，從現行有關部門法所確立的實然制度分析，卻與上述從現行《憲法》規定推導出的應然制度之間有著明顯矛盾和不協調。這種矛盾和不協調集中地表現在：一是沒有規定檢察機關針對公民、法人或其他組織實施的侵害國家和社會公共利益的重大民事違法行為提起公訴的制度；二是沒有規定檢察機關參加民事訴訟的制度；三是沒有規定檢察機關對未生效裁判提起抗訴的制度；四是對檢察建議、糾正違法通知等這些被檢察實踐證明是行之有效的監督方式未有規定。 -
At that period there were in preparation the two famous decrees that so convulsed society, abolishing the bestowal of grades by court favour and establishing examinations for obtaining the ranks of collegiate assessors and state councillors. but besides these reforms, a whole political constitution was under discussion destined to transform the whole legal, administrative and financial system of government from the privy council to the district tribunals
這時候不僅正在準備擬訂兩道如此著名而且驚動社會的命令取消宮廷官銜八等文官和五等文官舉行考試的命令，除此之外，還準備擬訂一整套國家憲法，這部憲法中規定，自鄉政府直至國務院必須改變現有的俄國司法行政和財政制度。
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