subrogation of rights 中文意思是什麼
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Of all the theories in different countries relating to the search of the jurisprudential bases of shareholder ' s litigation rights from the aspect of the claim basis of substantive law, the typical views are : the theory of creditor ' s right of subrogation, the theory of trust beneficial right and the shareholder theory
比較各國理論學說，從實體法的請求權基礎角度探究股東訴權的法理根據，具有代表性的觀點有：債權人代位權說、信託受益權說及股東權說。筆者比較傾向于股東權說。 -
On the procedure hand, i hold : the creditor brings a suit as plaintiff because he has the benefit of the suit ; the first debtor does not have to take part in the suit, if he does, the identity is determined subject to the concrete situation ; if the debtor brings a subrogation suit, the first debtor can not bring the suit based on the same debt ; the debt that the creditor subrogates should be a whole one ; the jurisdiction of subrogation is normal district jurisdiction, etc. following that, i bring out my own imagine about the foundation of subrogation rights of debtor system
在程序法方面，筆者認為：債權人基於訴的利益而作為原告提起代位權訴訟，主債務人無必要必須參加訴訟，如參加，也應根據案件的具體情況及當事人的不同權利主張，確定其訴訟地位；債權人提起代位權訴訟后，主債務人就該代位權行使范圍內所享有的訴權自行消滅；債權人可代位行使的債權應以完整債權為限；代位權訴訟標的只限於債權人以自己名義對次債務人主張之權利；代位權訴訟之管轄實質上是一種一般地域管轄。 -
To perform it, its legislative key points must be grasped in theory ; in practice the main purpose is to coordinate the conflicts between ensuring the equal rights of the creditors and fully encouraging the creditors " rights of subrogation. the debtors also have the conflicts between deciding the usage of their property on their own and limiting the creditors " disposing of their property
其成立，理論上要把握其法定的要件，實踐中掌握此問題要基於代位權的保全債權的基本目的，協調好確保債權人地位平等與充分鼓勵債權人行使代位權之間的矛盾；債務人有財產的自主權與限制債務人對其財產的處分權之間的矛盾。 -
The third chapter discusses the problems occurred in the trial of the case in respect of chain voyage charter party prior to implementation of contract law as well as the shipowner how to exercise the right of subrogation provided by contract law to protect it ' s creditor1 rights under chain voyage charter party
第三章探討了以往海事法院在審判連環航次租船合同案件中遇到問題，以及船東如何運用新合同法中規定的代位權制度來保護自己在連環航次租船合同中的債權利益不受侵害。 -
Through an analysis on the legislation reasons as well as a review of academic theory, it identifies and explains the differentials of legislative functions between the two. the fourth part carries out reconsideration on china ' s system of subrogation rights. the author analyses the effect of each function of china ' s system of subrogation
本文的結論是:中國合同法上的代位權制度雖然有著自己獨特的立法考量與功能定位，但其對傳統民法上代位權制度的改造與民法的體系相悖離，是一種「病急亂投醫」的短視做法，而且這種改造的立法初衷在實踐中無法得到實現，因而又有弄巧成拙之嫌。 -
The third part, from the angle of functions, carries out a comparative research between the two systems of subrogation rights, the one in traditional civil law and the other in chinese ( pr ) contract law
第三部分對傳統民法代位權制度與中國合同法上的代位權制度進行功能比較。通過立法理由分析以及學理考察，對於二者的立法功能差異進行了定位說明。 -
From the angle of the stipulation of positive law, the present article makes a comparative comparison research, from multiple aspects and on multiple levels, between the two systems of subrogation rights, the one in traditional civil law and the other in chinese ( pr ) contract law, and therefore, through such a research, attempts to much more integrally get an understanding of the differentiate and the unique legislative functions of the construction of china ’ s system of subrogation rights, and, basing on a comparative reflection, makes some reconsiderations
本文從實證法的規定出發，對傳統民法的代位權制度和中國合同法上的代位權制度進行了多角度和多層次的比較，試圖通過這種研究在更完整的意義上認知中國代位權制度構造的差異性及其獨特的立法功能取向，並在比較思考的基礎上做出一些反思。 -
On the substance hand, i hold : subrogation rights of debtor is a kind of conditional and statutory content of creditor " s right ; it needs subjective and objective condition, for example, the first debtor ' s should be due, etc ; the result of exercising the subrogation is that the second debtor clears the debt to the first debtor not the creditor
在實體法方面，筆者認為：債權人代位權實質上是一種附一定條件的法定的債權權能，其構成應滿足一定的要件，其中包括主債務人能行使而不行使到期債權，債權人遭受了遲延履行的實際損害，其代位債權必須是非專屬于主債務人的既存的合法的財產性權利等，債權人代位權的行使結果是次債務人向主債務人清償債務，債權人不能獨占該財產以充抵自己的債權。 -
On the basis of comparing the relative provisions of cmc and cil, according to the basic theories of contract law, insurance law and marine insurance law, by reference to the marine insurance act, 1906, laws in some other countries and clauses of marine insurance contract, the author analyzes in this paper the provisions of definition of marine insurance contract, disclosure, warranty, principle of indemnity, double insurance, subrogation, and modification, transfer and cancellation of marine insurance contract as well as rights and duties of the insurer and the insured. the author points out those provisions which are either duplicate, imperfect or reasonable in cmc and cil, draws the conclusion which provisions shall be deleted, which provisions shall be modified and, if so, how they shall be modified
本文以比較《海商法》與《保險法》相關規定為基礎，結合合同法、保險法和海上保險法的基本理論，適當參照英國《 1906年海上保險法》及其他一些國家的規定，並適當參考海上保險合同條款，對我國《海商法》海上保險合同的規定是否應引入投保人的概念，如何規定海上保險合同的定義，告知義務，保證義務，損失補償原則，重復保險，保險人的代位求償權，海上保險合同的變更、轉讓與解除，以及保險人和被保險人的權利義務等問題，進行了詳細深入的研究，分析了《海商法》相關規定與《保險法》的重復之處、規定不完善之處以及規定合理之處，並在此基礎上，進一步分析了哪些規定應當刪除，哪些規定應當修改以及如何修改。 -
The provisions of contract law about the proceedings, such as serious misunderstanding, obviously unfairness, culpa in contrahendo, the obligee ' s right of revocation, subrogation, anticipatory repudiation the assignment of rights or transfer of obligations, etc., need not to be stipulated in labour legislation repeatedly
這些規定說明，所有有關勞動合同的規定都是合同法律體系的組成部分。諸如合同轉讓、債權人撤銷權等事項，凡《合同法》已作規定，勞動立法中就沒有必要重新規定。 -
Tax subrogation is a right refers to the taxpayers for tax arrears, property rights, tax authority can recourse to the debtor of the taxpayers in accordance with the law to tax withholding power. and the author compare the subrogation rights of creditors with the tax subrogation, they have obvious differentiation. the main differentiation lie in the subject of exercising the subrogation is different, the status of the party is different, the legal fact of bring the power of subrogation is not same, purposes and results of them are different, applicable legal norms are different
在稅收代位權當中，筆者重點對稅收代位權的概念、稅收代位權的確立、稅收代位權行使的要件、行使的方式、行使的范圍和行使的效力作了詳細的論述，最後對稅收代位權的實務問題發表了一些粗淺的看法，從而加深了對稅務機關職權的認識，提高了稅務機關行政執法的積極性，便於充分保護稅務行政相對人的合法權益，減少了由於稅務行政相對人的怠於行為而給國家稅收帶來的重大損失。 -
Guarantor hereby waives any defense arising by reason of any claim or defense based upon an election of remedies by buyer ， which ， in any manner impairs ， affects ， reduces ， releases ， destroys or extinguishes guarantors subrogation rights ， rights to proceed against seller for reimbursement ， or any other rights of the guarantor or against any other person or security ， including ， but not limited to ， any defense based upon an election of remedies by buyer under the provisions of applicable state law ， orof the united states
擔保人據此放棄就買方基於其選擇的救濟措施而產生的任何主張或抗辯提出任何抗辯，盡管買方採取的救濟措施已損害、影響、減少、解除、破壞或消滅了擔保人的代位權、起訴賣方以求償的權利或其他權利，或是針對其他人或擔保物的權利，擔保人放棄的抗辯包括但不限於，基於買方根據適用的州法或合眾國法規定採取救濟措施而產生的任何抗辯。 -
This article argues that with the rapid economic development, subrogation betrays the " rule of warehousing " and forms the " rule of prior rights " in its exercising effect
第三部分是關于債權代位權的實行效果。對這部分的論述，本文是從傳統的「入庫規則」入手的。 -
Ther e are two ways to the attachments of debts : the creditor ' s rights of subrogation and abandonment
債的保全，其方法有二：債權人的代位權和債權人的撤銷權。 -
We hereby waive all rights of subrogation and agree not to claim any set off or counterclaim against any other person liable to you, or to claim or prove in competition with you in the event of the bankruptcy, liquidation, winding up or insolvency of any such person, or to have the benefit of or share in any guarantee, indemnity, or security now or hereafter held by your, until you have been fully indemnified against all matters referred to in paragraphs 1 and 2 hereof
除貴行已依前述第1項及第2項規定全額受清償外，本公司茲放棄其得主張代位清償之權利；並同意放棄其對任何貴行之債務人主張抵銷或扣抵之權利，于該債務人有破產、清算或不能清償債務時，放棄對該債務人所得主張債權之權利，俾不影響貴行對該債務人之求償；本公司並同意不就貴行現在或將來持有之擔保品或保證主張或分享擔保權益。 -
Insurance subrogation right is one form of subrogation rights under civil law and can be easily confused with other forms of subrogation rights
由於保險代位求償權也是代位權的一種，易與民法中的其他代位權相混淆。 -
Subrogation is a kind of substantive right, it is established on special basis, and the purpose of it is not to protect all the creditors ' rights
代位權是一種實體性權利，它在我國的確立有其特殊的基礎，其設立的目的並不在於保護所有債權人的一般債權。
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