substitution rate 中文意思是什麼

substitution rate 解釋
置換比
  • substitution : n. 1. 代，代用，代替，更替，置換。2. 【化學】取代；【數學】代換；代入；【法律】預定繼承人；【語法】詞的代用。adj. -al ,-ary adj.
  • rate : n 1 比率，率；速度，進度；程度；（鐘的快慢）差率。2 價格；行市，行情；估價，評價；費，費用，運費...
  1. To avoid manual labor of chiseling - grossness, in the area of second - stage concrete construction, permanently non - removed metal molding boards nets are used as molding boards of first - stage concrete. substitution joints of reinforcing steel bars for traditional electric welding and usage of equipments for joints of reinforcing steel bars efficiently improve strength of junctions and rate of connecting reinforcing steel bars, and safety of construction and stability of quality, and greatly reduce cost. it ' s possible that three gorges project become top - ranking project in the world by study on systems engineering of high - strength concrete construction

    混凝土縫面處理採用高壓水流沖毛技術，大大提高了施工工效，減少了倉面污染；模板工程大量採用定型鋼模板施工技術，提高了壩體混凝土成型質量和工程進度；在二期混凝土施工區域，為免除人工鑿毛勞動強度，採用永久性免拆金屬模板網作為一期混凝土模板；鋼筋連接改進傳統的電焊連接方式，採用大量採用鋼筋接頭機械連接技術，有效提高了接頭強度和鋼筋連接速度，施工安全性大大加強，質量穩定性有效提高，經濟成本大大降低；三峽二期工程持續高強度混凝土施工系統工程的研究，使三峽工程成為名符其實的「世界一流工程」成為可能；三峽二期工程混凝土溫控綜合技術的應用，有效降低了壩體混凝土溫度的產生；混凝土表面處理及裂縫處理技術的應用，提高了建築物的整體性和耐久性。
  2. The marginal rate of substitution diminishes as we move down along an indifference curve

    當我們向下滑動無差異曲線時，邊際替代率的減少。
  3. ( 8 ) the substitution rate in loop regions is 2. 24 times of that in stem regions. the transition rate is almost same ( 0. 051 and 0. 082 ), compared with the results that the transversion rate of loop regions is the 12. 67 times of that of stem regions

    （ 8 ）環區的所有核苷酸堿基代換率為莖區的2 . 24倍，轉換率幾乎相同（ 0 . 051和0 . 082 ） ；而環區的顛換率卻高達莖區的12 . 67倍。
  4. The present research object of this paper is substitution rate of occupational pension in our country. the level of substitution rate refers to the ratio of pension income and wages income, which is used to express the ratio of the retired staff ' s pension income substituting staff ' s wages

    本論文的研究對象是我國企業年金替代率問題，替代率水平是指養老金收入與工資收入的比率，用來表示已退休職工的養老金收入替代在職職工的工資收入水平的高低。
  5. For example, disturb a country ’ s normal financial order, reduce the independence and effectiveness of monetary policy, weaken the government ’ s fiscal basis, make the country ’ s exchange rate fluctuated fiercely, etc. so it is important to learn deeply about the cause 、 approach and affection of currency substitution, to find the policies and methods to keep it away

    例如:擾亂一國正常的金融秩序，影響貨幣政策的獨立性和有效性，削弱政府的財政稅基，造成一國匯率水平的劇烈波動等等。因此，深入了解貨幣替代現象的成因，途徑，影響，找到防範貨幣替代的政策手段，對于中國在開放條件下保持宏觀經濟的均衡發展，維護本國貨幣體系的穩定，有著重要的作用。
  6. Lanthanum - tungsten electrode is the substitution product of thorium - tungsten electrode because of its freedom from radioactivity. its other advantage is its endurance of high current and low burn spoilage rate

    鑭鎢電極因無放射性而成為較有發展前景的釷鎢電極的替代產品。它的另一優點是耐用電流高而燒損率最小。
  7. The current urban pension scheme in china has high implicate rate of return. therefore the partial - funded program is still a good solution for our old age insurance selection. at least in a short period, we ' d better strive for the more feasible condition and environment, such as development of the capital market, depressing the substitution level of the pension along with pension reform

    俄向均衡測算的基礎上，對上海的城鎮養老保險制度改革做出了如下的判斷：養老保險制度的變遷具有較強的路徑依賴性，現階段，統帳結合的養老保險制度具有相當高的內生口報率，總體上仍然是一個相當有效的制度，而且。
  8. In section 2. 2, i mainly focus on the insufficiency of domestic demands resulted from the difference between income effect and substitution affect of the interest - rate reduction policy

    2節研究一般均衡條件下的跨期消費選擇引起內需不足，降息的收入效應大於替代效應，因此總消費下降。
  9. If the us were to seek to eliminate the deficit entirely through a boom in exports or massive import substitution, the utilisation rate would exceed 100 per cent

    如果美國想通過出口激增或大規模進口替代來消滅赤字，那麼製造業產能利用率就將超過100 % 。
  10. The early theories of economic development encouraged developing countries to implement industrialization policies with the character of import substitution. in order to implement such policies, the countries had to utilize interest rate regulation policy to accelerate capital accumulation

    早期的發展經濟學理論鼓勵發展中國家實施以進口替代戰略為代表的工業化政策，為了加速資本積累就需要輔之以利率管制政策。
  11. The classic exchange rate determination theory includes the theory of purchasing power parity and the theory of interest - rate parity. as the main part of modern exchange rate determination theory, the capital market method of exchange rate determination theory includes the currency model which includes elastic price model and viscous price model, the currency substitution model and the portfolio model. the contemporary exchange rate determination theory includes the speculation foam theory, the news model and the chaotic model

    經典匯率決定理論主要是指購買力平價理論和利率平價理論；現代匯率決定理論主要是指匯率決定理論的資產市場方法，包括：貨幣模型、貨幣替代模型和資產組合模型，其中貨幣模型可以分為彈性價格模型和粘性價格模型；當代匯率決定理論主要包括：投機泡沫理論、新聞模型和混沌分析方法。
  12. Analysis of the variation of bases of epsps of brassicaceae, solanaceae and poaceae indicate that the evolutionary rates of epsps are different between brassicaceae and solanacea e and the rate in solanaceae is higher than the rate in brassicaceae according to the total substitution rate of bases

    分別對十字花科、茄科、禾本科序列的堿基變異情況分析，結果表明， epsps基因在十字花科和茄科中的進化速率不一樣，對于總的堿基替換率，茄科高於十字花科。
  13. The main factors to affect oil supply includes : opec ' s producing capacity and its production quota policy, oil stock, world oil production cost, politics and military factors, etc ; while the factors to influence oil demand is the world economic growth rate, the substitution energy, season changes, the speculation in the future stock market, etc. meanwhile the article has analyzed the price - decision model with the opec in the world oil market by the way of economic theory, disclosed respectively the different reason for the world oil price ' s slump in 1998 and the price ' s sudden and sharp rise in 1999, moreover it has made an detailed analysis and anticipation with the world oil price moving tendency in 2002

    對國際石油市場影響因素進行了分析，影響油價的供給因素主要有： opec的產能及其配產政策、石油庫存、世界石油生產成本和以政治、軍事等；影響油價的需求因素主要有：世界經濟增長、替代能源、季節性、期貨市場上投機行為等；並用經濟學的觀點對opec卡特爾組織在國際石油市場上的定價模型進行了分析，分別分析了1998年國際原油價格暴跌和1999年國際原油價格暴漲的原因，對2002年的國際原油市場的走勢進行了分析和預測。
  14. Law of diminishing marginal rate of substitution

    邊際替代率遞減法則
  15. Also i establish actuarial models to calculate the substitution rate provided by occupational pension actually which is based on the biggest pay lever and the moderate pay lever, and the influence factor of the model has carried on the sensitive analysis

    接著，論文建立精算模型，測算了基於最大繳費水平、適度繳費水平下，企業年金究竟能夠提供多大的替代率水平，並對模型的影響因素進行了敏感性分析。
  16. At the beginning, the paper limits the connotation of the moderate substitution rate in theory and elaborates the theory basis of determining moderate substitution rate. by analyzing the present expenses of endowment insurance from three aspects including the burden of government, the burden of enterprises and individual burden, we can realize that occupational pension has a latent development space

    首先，論文從理論上界定替代率適度水平的內涵，闡述了確定適度替代率水平的理論依據;然後從政府負擔、企業負擔以及個人負擔三個角度分析了目前養老保險的繳費水平，從養老保險供給的角度認識到了企業年金存在潛在的發展空間。
  17. An analysis of the substitution rate of annuity and its corresponding investment risks and ratios can be made in accordance with the historical performance of closed funds through the portfolio effective frontier approach, indicating the upper limits of trust costs and performance management expenses and providing a decision - making approach to the trust investment of firm annuity

    運用投資組合理論的有效前沿方法，依據封閉基金的歷史業績，對企業年金收益替代率的關系以及相應的投資風險和投資比例進行分析，可得出委託代理成本和績效管理費用上限，為企業年金的委託投資提供決策方法。
  18. The length and substitution rate of these alignments can be chosen so that they appear frequently in significant similarities yet still remain rare in the background sequence

    這些對齊的長度和替換率可以選擇，使其在重要的相似性中出現頻繁，而在背景序列中出現很少。
  19. In order to determine the moderate target substitution rate of occupational pension, the article discusses the moderate target substitution rate of various props on the background of the endowment insurance

    本文是在整個養老保障的大背景下來探討各支柱目標替代率的適度水平，藉以確定企業年金適度的目標替代率水平。
  20. So, on the basis of the above analysis, the paper proposes the new conception of generalized occupational pension and reconstructs three props system of endowment insurance and determines target substitution rate of various props. then, the plan has carried on the feasibility analysis. finally, the paper put forward some policy proposals about the development of occupational pension based on the present actuality of occupational pension in our country

    最後，通過前文的測算結果結合目前我國的養老保險現狀提出了廣義企業年金計劃的新構想，重構了養老保險的三支柱體系，確定了在新的養老保險三支柱體系框架下各支柱的目標替代率水平並對此方案進行了可行性分析、實現途徑分析。
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