topographic surface 中文意思是什麼

topographic surface 解釋
地形面
  • topographic : adj. 地誌的，地形（學上）的；地形測量的。 a topographic drawing 地形圖。 a topographic machine 【航空】歪斜矯正機。
  • surface : n 1 表面；地面；水面；廣場，空地。2 外觀，外表，皮毛。3 【幾】面；切口；【航空】翼面。adj 表面的...
  1. Soundness of the rock surface must be included in the topographic study.

    巖石表面的堅固性，必須包括在地形研究之內。
  2. Based on the data of vector topographic map, the geomorphologic evolution stage of csmasp is studied with the aid of maplnfo and arc view. it is indicated that the research area is in the middle age and old age according to the davisan stage determine of geomorphologic evolution. the uplift and denuded amount in the period of neo - tectonics and the elevation of denudation surface of lincheng period ( mainly in quaternary ) are also discussed

    根據高程分析結果，認為魯中南山地主要處于流域地貌發育的壯年、晚年期，並對魯中南山地第四紀構造抬升量與侵蝕速率、各流域臨城期山麓剝夷面的分佈高度等相關問題進行了理論探討，從理論上證明了魯中期剝夷面難以存在。
  3. Applying the basic theories of spatial data mining and geomorphology, taking the loess plateau of north shaanxi province, china as the research area, this dissertation explored the theories and systematic structures of geomorphologic data mining and acknowledge discovery from dems, ascertained the systematic structures of topographic factors and synthetic topographic acknowledge, as well as systemically summarized mining algorithms from dems. the author pa id more attention also to analyze the principle and algorithm of flow length, curvature, relief, the earth ' s surface incision and gully density. in this research, the elementary constitutes and mining algorithms of regional character acknowledge in the loess plateau were probed

    本研究在廣泛總結前人研究成果與研究經驗的基礎上，利用空間數據挖掘和地形地貌學的基本理論，以陜北黃土高原多地貌類型區為實驗樣區，以1 10000比例尺dem為樣本數據，探討了dem中地形地貌數據挖掘與知識發現的理論方法和體系結構；確定了宏觀和微觀地形因子、地形綜合特徵知識的體系結構；系統總結了dem基本地形因子的提取演算法，並重點對坡長、曲率、地形的起伏度、切割深度和溝壑密度因子提取的原理與演算法作了深入的分析；提出了黃土高原地區區域特徵知識的基本構成及其系統完整、科學可行的挖掘提取演算法；擴充了arcviewgis軟體平臺中dem空間分析的基本功能；實現了以delphi7 . 0為平臺的地形信息輔助挖掘系統的設計與開發；完成了對黃土高原多地貌類型區（樣區）地形信息空間分異特徵的分析。
  4. During the course of the research, the criterions of the interpolation effect are mean error ( me ), mean absolute error ( mae ), root mean squared interpolation error ( rmse ) and the difference of mean square deviation between the measured and the estimated surface air temperature. the conclusions are as follows : ( 1 ) by contrasting the gaussian weighted model associated with the error modification with the gaussian weighted model, the error modification is proved to considerably ameliorate the precision of spatial interpolation ; ( 2 ) on the base of the gaussian weighted model, taking altitudinal effect into account can reflect the trend in which temperature changes according to the topographic altitude and may ameliorate the precision of spatial interpolation correspondingly and apparently, which indicates that topographical effect on the preciseness of spatial interpolation can not be disregarded in terms of the region with complicated topography ; ( 3 ) the map of daily surface air temperature distribution, using the modified gaussian weighted model a and b, can accurately reflect the temperature - changing - with - topographical - altitude trend. among them, the better is the model a, whose me is below 0. 03 ?

    在此過程中，採用平均誤差（ me ） ，平均絕對誤差（ mae ） ，插值平均誤差平方的平方根（ rootmeansquaredinterpolationerror ，簡稱rmsie ） ，插值前後測站要素值的均方差（ meansquaredeviation ，簡稱msd ）差值作為判定插值效果的標準，得出如下結論：通過高斯權重法與結合逐步訂正的高斯權重法的對比，說明結合逐步訂正方案的高斯權重法可大大提高地面日氣溫的插值精度；在高斯權重法中加入海拔影響項可以反映出溫度隨地形高度的變化趨勢，同時也能較大地提高地面日氣溫的空間插值精度，說明在地形復雜的區域，地形影響在插值精度中是不可忽略的；對于高斯權重法的兩種改進方案得到的地面日氣溫分布圖都能很好地反映出表面大氣氣溫隨地形高度的變化趨勢。
  5. The northeast qinghai - xizang plateau is margin area which topographic altitude is precipitate, and which has the high frequent interaction between synoptic system in plateau and westerlies system. the heavy - hard rainfall in this area is strong outburst, lasting short time, which consists the singularity of the plateau being its especial geography position, topography and underlying surface

    青藏高原東北部地區位於高原東北側邊坡地帶，是地形高度陡然下降的地區，也是高原天氣系統與西風帶天氣系統較多發生相互作用的地區，由於特殊的地理位置、地形和下墊面條件，產生的大到暴雨天氣突發性強、時效短，具有獨特的高原特徵。
  6. 8 disaster factors of soil erosion have been defined : surface material, landform and slope gradient, cover - degree, topographic, 30min rainfall intensity, engineering measure grade of conservation of water - soil, irregular subsidence and volume weight

    確定了土壤水性的8個致災因子: 30而n暴雨強度、地表物質、地形坡度、植被搜蓋度、植被類型、工程水土保持措施等級、容重和非均勻沉降
  7. Difference surface in combination with the least square method is employed for the evaluation of topographic deviation for sbg

    將差曲面和最小二乘法相結合進行螺旋錐齒輪拓撲誤差評定。
  8. Geometrical and physical meanings of difference surface are presented, and the parameters of tooth surface topographic deviations are derived. in addition, the complete mathematical formulae of the 0th, the 1st, 2nd order form deviations is proposed, and diagnostic parameters of each order form deviation is gotten by the least square method, which lead to evaluate the tooth surface topographic deviation quantificationally

    系統地給出了差曲面的幾何意義和物理意義，提取了齒面拓撲誤差參數;給出了零階誤差、一階誤差、二階誤差的完整數學公式，並且用最小二乘法得到了各階誤差的特徵參數值，實現了對齒面拓撲誤差的定量評定。
  9. Investigation on the change of the surface topographic featuresunder the liquid - solid two - phase fluid lubrication

    液固二相流體潤滑狀態下表面形貌特性的變化
  10. Using latest visual software idl ( interactive data language ) and combining trigrid function with triangulate function in idl, regular network terrain model and 3 - d shallow and deep sliding surface model of zhafangping landslide body based on delaunay triangular network is set up. it makes the sliding surface turn from " recessiveness " into " dominance ", and gets numerous different three - dimensional cubic chart, contour topographic map, the combine model of terrain model and contour topo - graphic map. and every visual model has analysed and compared in detail

    利用可視化軟體idl中的triangulate函數和trigrid函數相結合，建立了基於delaunay三角網的榨坊坪滑坡體規則格網地面模型和淺層、深層滑動面三維可視化模型，實現了該滑坡體的三維模擬與再現，使滑動面由「隱性」變為了「顯性」 ，且獲得了眾多不同角度的三維立體圖、等高線地形圖和地面模型與等高線地形圖的組合圖等，並對各可視化模型進行了詳細地分析與比較。
  11. The two key factors, machining methods and machine - setting parameters of sbg, which are related with the generation of theoretical tooth surface and topographic deviation for sbg, are analyzed in details. after building the machine - tool mathematical model and computing the tooth surface parameters, using the given conditions and mesh equation, the coordinates of the theoretical tooth surface of sbg can be computed, and, then, the theoretical tooth surface model of sbg is derived

    本文詳細地分析了形成螺旋錐齒輪理論齒面及產生拓撲誤差的兩個關鍵因素，即螺旋錐齒輪的切齒加工方法和機床調整參數;通過建立機床數學模型，計算齒面參數，用已知條件和嚙合方程進行聯合求解，得出了理論齒面的坐標值，從而獲得了螺旋錐齒輪的理論齒面模型。
  12. But if there is a topographic heterogeneity, the maximum relative difference of surface grid effective infrared radiation is about 30 % ~ 40 %. the magnitude of deviation is mainly determined by grid average elevation

    而當考慮海拔高度的非均勻性時，有效輻射通量計算的相對誤差可達30 40 ，取決于平均高度和變差系數大小。
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