under-doped 中文意思是什麼
under-doped
解釋
低度摻雜-
Doped linbo3 ) have been considered as one kind of the most important materials for vhs owing to wider dynamic range and their commercial availability in large size. however, the volume holographic gratings in photorefractive crystals are liable to dark decay and erasure under readout illumination
體全息存儲的首選記錄材料是光折變晶體（如fe : linbo _ 3 ） ，但直接存儲在晶體中的信息容易受光和熱的影響而丟失。 -
Bias voltage, which are related to the superlattice structural paraments, the doped densities and the applied bias voltage. we have also investigated the characteristics of superlattice under hydrostatic pressure by simulations
超晶格的負微分電導區還導致出現固定偏壓下隨時間變化的電流自維持振蕩，振蕩產生的條件依賴于其結構參數，摻雜濃度和外加偏壓的大小。 -
Photocatalytic degradation of rhodamine b on co - doped tio2 thin film under visible light
2薄膜上的光催化降解 -
The effect of ni + ion on luminescence had not been detected by fluorescence experiments for implanted doped crystals. 5 ) the xe ion peak concentration lies at a depth of about 47nm under the surface. after ion implantations, the two peaks in o1s spectrum merge into a single one
（ 5 ）注入的xe ~ +在距表面47nm處濃度取得最大值，離子注入使兩種類型氧格點的化學環境變得相似， o _ （ 1s ）譜的兩個峰融合為一個峰。 -
The main contents and important results of this paper are as following : strong blue cooperative up - conversion luminescence is observed in various host materials single doped yb3 + ions with naked eyes at room temperature under 980nm excitation. moreover there exist rich emission lines and peculiar ratio of luminescence intensity in all samples. intense green and blue up - converted luminescence is observed in yb3 + - ho3 + co - doped pbf2 - znf2 based materials with 930 nm diode light excitation at room temperature
其主要內容與得到的結論如下： （ 1 ） yb ~ （ 3 + ）單摻雜不同基質材料組成的氟氧化物在980nm激光激發下發射出明亮的yb ~ （ 3 + ）離子的合作上轉換藍色熒光，同時這些樣品具有極為豐富的熒光發射，有著特別的色比關系。 -
In the investigations of the nanosized zirconia powders co - doped with yb3 + - 0. 2 ( 0. 4, 1 ) mol % tm3 + ions under 980nm ld excitation, the blue up - conversion emission at 474nm comes from the 1g4 - 3h6 transition
詳細研究了鉺離子摻雜二氧化鋯納米材料的上轉換發光性質，得到：在低摻雜濃度（不大於1mol ）下，鉺離子主要發綠光。 -
Al - doped zno ( azo ) thin films are emerging as an alternative potential candidate for ito ( sn - doped in2o3 ) films recently not only because of their comparable optical and electrical properties ( high optical transparency in the visible range, infrared reflectance and low d. c. resistivity ) to ito films, but also because of their higher thermal and chemical stability under the exposure to hydrogen plasma than ito
Al摻雜的zno薄膜，由於具有與ito （ in _ 2o _ 3中適量摻雜sn ）薄膜相比擬的對可見光的高透過率和高電導，又因其在氫等離子體中的高穩定性等優點，已成為替代ito透明導電薄膜的研究熱點。 -
In recent years, al - doped zno ( azo ) thin films has become a hot issue of transparent conductive thin films field and preferred materials instead of ito films not only because of their comparable optical and electrical properties ( high optical transparency in the visible range, low electrical resistivity ) to ito films, but also because of their lower price and higher thermal and chemical stability under the exposure to hydrogen plasma than ito
近年來，由於al摻雜的zno薄膜（ azo ）具有與ito薄膜相比擬的光電性能（可見光區高透射率和低電阻率） ，又因其價格較低以及在氫等離子體中的高穩定性等優點，已經成為替代昂貴的ito薄膜的首選材料和當前透明導電薄膜領域的研究熱點之一。 -
The main content and important results of this thesis are as following : a series of er + - doped borosilicate glasses were prepared by varying the composition. absorption spectra of four glasses were measured. 1. 51uminescence under the excitation of a 978nm ld and visible luminescence with a 488ar + laser were observed
測量了樣品的吸收光譜，在978nmld低功率激發下，均觀測到了系列玻璃樣品中er ~ （ 3 + ）的1 . 5 m近紅外發射，在488nmar ~ +激光激發下，觀測到了可見區發光。 -
Preparation of doped tio2 photocatalytic glass fiber and its photocatalytic activity under visible light
高活性鋯摻雜鈷催化劑的制備及其催化甲烷燃燒性能研究 -
Under the condition that the variance of temperature in the furnace was lower than 2. 5oc, the accuracy of temperature control was higher than 0. 2oc and the speed of temperature drop was 0. 2oc ~ 2oc, we grew doped - ktp crystals without obvious defects by immerged - seeded solution method
在晶體生長爐溫場均勻性高於2 . 5oc 、控溫精度高於0 . 2oc 、降溫速度為0 . 2oc ~ 2oc的條件下，採用浸沒籽晶緩慢降溫法生長出宏觀無明顯缺陷的摻質ktp晶體。 -
Nanosized lead titanate ( pt ) and lead titanate doped with calcium and lanthanum ( pclt ) powder obtained by the sol - gel method was added into vinylidene fluoride - trifluoroemylene [ p ( vdf - trfe ) ] to form nanocomposite to be used as the sensing film of the pyroelectric detector. the experiment results show that after mixing in 0. 16 volume fraction of pclt powder, the pyroelectric coefficient of pttp ( vdf - trfe ) composite film was about 37 % higher than that of the pure p ( vdf - trfe ) film prepared under the same condition, and the voltage figure - of - merit of pt / p ( vdf - trfe ) composite film was about 22. 4 % higher
用溶膠-凝膠法制備了鈦酸鉛（ pt ）和摻鈣鈦酸鑭鉛（ pclt ）納米粉粒，與聚偏氟乙烯-三氟乙烯（ p （ vdf - trfe ）均勻復合，由於16的摻鈣鈦酸鑭鉛納米陶瓷粉粒的摻入，使得pclt / p （ vdf - trfe ）復合膜的熱釋電系數值提高了約37 ，探測優值提高了約22 . 4 。 -
3. pani nanofibrils were synthesized for the first time by using chemical oxidative polymerization under hydrothermal conditions. the effects of concentration of aniline, doped acid and the reaction time on the morphology of pani were researched
3 .在水熱條件下通過化學直接氧化的方法得到聚苯胺納米纖維，討論了苯胺的濃度，摻雜酸和濃度以及水熱時間對聚苯胺納米纖維生成的影響。 -
But its sintering temperature is so high that it cannot be sintered under 1000 with low melting point electrode materials like ag, cu etc. presently investigations about this material are mainly via glass - ceramic technique to decrease the sintering temperature and the dielectric loss is high. for the first time, this investigation manufacture a casio 3 system low dielectric and high frequency microwave dielectric ceramic via tape casting with basic material altered and additives doped
本文以casio _ 3體系為研究對象，首先對casio _ 3體系進行改性，並首次採用li _ 2o和bi _ 2o _ 3作為燒結助劑，降低體系燒結溫度，在此基礎上，採用catio _ 3調節陶瓷的頻率溫度系數，制備出微波介電性能優良的具有工業應用價值的casio _ 3系ltcc低介高頻微波介質陶瓷。 -
Dielectric property changing of disperse phase under external field is the reason that the modulating ability is strengthened. ( 3 ) microwave transmitting characters of erf with particles of batio3, tio2 doped ce and colloid were investigated
當微波頻率位於8g 12g之間時，研究了鈦酸鋇、鈰摻雜二氧化鈦以及復相膠囊電流變液在8 12g頻段范圍內的微波透射頻率選擇性特徵。 -
Moreover, the falling rate of its microhardness is minished. molybdenum wire doped with la2o3 is better at enhancing mechanic properties and microstructure than molybdenum wire doped with y2o3. furthermore, la2o3 particles are easier to diffuse to the grains boundary than y2o3 particles under high temperature
此外，本實驗還發現，摻雜la2o3比摻雜y2o3更有利於提高鉬絲高溫下的力學性能，改善鉬的燒結態形貌，降低其孔隙率，減小其晶粒尺寸，且la2o3顆粒比y2o3的顆粒更容易在高溫下擴散到晶界上去。 -
B - doped diamonds were obtained under the condition of 1250 ~ 1350 and 5gpa ~ 6gpa. color of diamond became deep with boron contents increasing, till becoming black. b - doped diamond was polycrystalline, and crystal surface was developed incompletely
利用這些gics ，在1250 1350 、 5 6gpa下合成了含硼金剛石，金剛石顏色隨著硼含量增加而加深直至黑色，含硼金剛石生長成多晶顆粒，晶面發育不完整。 -
Fabrication equipment and theory of b - doped diamond film were introduced. mechanical systems were studied and electric and control systems were designed. experimental results show that the equipment can deposit b - doped large area high - quality thick diamond film under the control system
研究了摻硼金剛石膜設備及其原理，研究了機械繫統，設計了電氣系統和控制系統，系統運行表明該設備在控制系統監控下沉積出高質量大面積的摻硼金剛石膜。 -
Using sncl4 - 5h2o and sbcl3 as precursors, antimony doped tin oxide particles with good electrical properties have been prepared by hydrothermal synthesis. the optimal conditions of this synthesis process were as following : doping ratio was 11 % ; reaction temperature was 180 ; reaction time was 2h ; the temperature and time of calcinations is 700 and 2h. the size of ato particles obtained is about 20nm, and its resistance can reach 0. 2, under 0. 2mpa pressure
在摻雜濃度為11 ，水熱反應溫度為180 ，反應壓力1mpa ，反應時間2h ，熱處理溫度為700 ，熱處理時間2h的實驗條件下制備的ato粉體，性能達到最佳，晶粒度在20個nm左右，在0 . 2mpa壓力下粉體電阻值為0 . 2 。 -
Based on the above background and under the support of tianjin natural science foundation project : intelligent fiber amplifiers and light sources, tianjin natural science foundation project : ( c + l ) broadband fiber amplifier and nankai - delta ( tianjin ) project : development of gain flattened erbium - doped fiber amplifiers, this dissertation is mainly focused on the study of novel gc - edfa, gain and nf ( noise figure ) improvement of edfa, light sources, multi - wavelength fiber laser and voa ( variable optical attenuator )
基於以上背景，在天津市重點基金項目? ?智能型光纖放大器和光源的研究、天津市重點基金項目? ? （ c + l ）超寬帶摻雜光纖放大器和南開-達爾泰（天津）項目? ?開發增益平坦的摻鉺光纖放大器的支持下，本論文主要圍繞新型gc - edfa 、 edfa性能的優化、增益控制用光源、多波長光纖激光器以及可調光衰減器等課題進行了理論和實驗研究。
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