中子溫度 的英文怎麼說
中文拼音 [zhōngziwēndù]
中子溫度
英文
neutron temperature-
2 the theoretical values of the second virial coefficient are precisely fitted into some simple expressions. according to one of them, a new temperature function for the quadratic terms in cubic equations was derived : the function is simple, general, without acentric factor, truly predictive, theoretically sound, and applicable to all the van der waals - type equations
2將第二維里系數的理論值較精確地擬合為幾種簡單的表達式，並據此導出了立方型狀態方程中二次項溫度函數的新形式該式簡單、通用，不含偏心因子，具有真正的預測功能和堅實的理論基礎，原則上適用於所有vanderwaals型方程。At 100 to 150, both the toughness and the molecular weight decreased during the process of amination, but the transformation ratio of the amination reaction increased rapidly ; above 150, both the toughness and the molecular weight increased and transformation ratio of the amination slightly increased, and reached completely amination
亞胺化過程中，當溫度從100升至150時，不同熱處理階段薄膜的韌性和分子量均下降，亞胺化反應轉化率上升較快； 150后，其韌性和分子量均升高，亞胺化反應轉化率上升趨于緩慢，最終達到完全亞胺化。( 2 ) the emission spectra of laser ablation metal copper plasma were measured. the detailed mechanism of plume emission of cu plasma was qualitatively explained using a simple model based on excitation of atom and ion in plume arising from inelastic collision between the elemental species and electron with high kinetic energy. under the local thermal equilibrium model, the electronic temperature of copper plasma was deduced to be in the 104 scale by its emission lines
（ 2 ） cu等離子體光譜：在420 570nm波長范圍內觀測了激光燒蝕cu等離子體的光譜和各發射譜線在等離子體中的空間分佈；比較了激光能量對cu等離子體發射光譜、電子溫度的影響；用局部熱力學平衡（ lte ）近似，測得cu等離子體的電子溫度為104k數量級；在不同背景氣壓下，觀測了激光燒蝕cu等離子體光譜的空間分佈。Using diethanolamine as aminating agent and glacial acetic acid as neutralizing agent, aminated epoxy acrylic cationic resin was prepared. the effect of technology of aminated epoxy acrylic resin on properties of eletrodeposition was studied by conductivity meter and electrophoresis apparatus. it was shown that, conductivity firstly decreased, and then increased with aminating temperature increase. in contrast with putting polyacrylic resin into thin acetic acid solution, the more compact film could be achieved by neutralizing polyacylic resin with glacial acetic acid and then add it into water. when neutralizing temperature was enhanced, the speed of electrodepsidon was found to increase, and the film was also more compact. increasing the dn leads to enhanced conductivity and smaller particle size. when dn equaled to 80, the smoothest film could be achieved
以二乙醇胺為胺化劑、冰醋酸為中和劑，合成了胺化環氧丙烯酸陽離子樹脂.採用電泳儀和電導率儀，研究了胺化環氧丙烯酸樹脂合成工藝對陰極電泳塗料電沉積性的影響.結果表明，隨著胺化溫度的增加，電泳液電導率先下降後上升.將冰醋酸加入樹脂中中和，後用水稀釋，比樹脂在醋酸稀溶液中中和，電沉積性能更好.電沉積速率隨著中和溫度的上升而增加，電沉積膜緻密性相應增加.中和度（ dn ）愈高，電泳液電導率愈大，粒徑越小，而塗膜外觀在中和度為80時達到最佳We use the method of finite element analysis to find the most dangerous section of the rotator. through setting up a model of rotator, calculating the temperature and stress field of rotator, we get the section. then we supervise the section online, calculate the practical fatigue life loss and creep life loss
我們使用有限元分析法，通過建模，計算轉子溫度場、應力場，得到最危險截面，然後對危險截面進行在線監測，計算實際運行中的疲勞壽命損耗和蠕變壽命損耗，為安全經濟運行提供有效監控手段。From the scaling law about hot electron temperature given by vh model, the hot electron measured by experiment was reasonable, the temperature was higher than the temperature given by resonant absorption scaling law
真空吸收是產生高能超熱電子的主導過程，從真空吸收給出的超熱電子溫度定標率來看，實驗中測量得到的超熱電子溫度是合理的。Avoiding the difficulties of detecting the difficult parameters in furnace control and of building up the models, integrated with fuzzy control and conventional pid control, abb ’ s control it system is used to predict the bloom surface and center temperature directly based on the temperature of furnace wall easily to be detected so that the temperature settings in various furnace sections can be self - corrected, the furnace temperature of each section self - adjusted and on - line parameters of combustion control self - optimized. in addition, the heating parameters and the operating status of the field plant can be monitored with alarm
採用abb公司的controlit控制系統，避開爐子控制中遇到的困難參數檢測及建模困難等因素，直接根據容易檢測的爐壁溫度來推知鋼坯表面溫度及鋼坯中心溫度，將模糊控制技術與常規pid控制相結合，實現各段溫爐設定值自修正、各段爐溫自協調、各參數在線自整定的自尋優最佳燃燒控制;對熱工參數、現場設備的運行情況進行監視、報警，實現爐膛壓力、管道壓力、換熱器的保護控制，並將重要參數送往廠級mis網路。Brzozowski t m, maczynska m, zawada m, et al. time - of - flight measurement of the temperature of cold atoms for short trap - probe beam distances [ j ]. j opt b, 2002, 4 : 62
耿濤，閆樹斌，王彥華，等.用短程飛行時間吸收譜對銫磁光阱中冷原子溫度的測量[ j ] .物理學報， 2005 ， 54 : 5104By film thickness measured, fourier transformed infrared spectrometer ( ftir ) analysis, x - ray photoelectron spectroscopy ( xps ) analysis and relative irradiance measurement, the effect of microwave input powers on deposition rates, f / c ratios, bonding configurations of ct - c : f films and the radicals in plasma originating from source gases dissociation is analyzed
由於微波功率的改變會導致等離子體中電子溫度和等離子體密度發生變化，從而造成不同的源氣體分解過程，結果微波功率的升高導致了薄膜沉積速率的提高、 f / c比的降低，同時也導致薄膜中cf和cf _ 3基團密度的降低，而保持cf _ 2基團密度接近常數。For a warm dusty plasma with variable dust charge, the modulational instability of the dust - acoustic waves can be described by the nonlinear schrodinger equation ( iut 4 - auxx + b | u | 2u = 0 ). it shows that the dust - acoustic wave is modulational stable in this dusty plasma. only the dark soliton exists in warm dusty plasma with variable dust charge
通過約化攝動法，得到了描述塵埃微粒電荷可變的熱塵埃等離子體中塵埃聲波的非線性薛定諤方程（ iu _ t + u _ （ xx ） + | u | ~ 2u = 0 ） ，不論是單離子溫度情形，還是兩離子溫度情形，塵埃微粒電荷可變的熱塵埃等離子體中的塵埃聲波是調制穩定的，僅存在暗孤子（包絡穴）The results indicate that for the same pump intensity, the temperature and thermal stress distribution in the disk are not only related with the medium ' s geometry and the special distribution of pump intensity but also related with the fill factor of pump area
結果表明，在相同的抽運功率密度下，激光介質中的溫度分佈和熱應力分佈不僅與激光介質幾何構型及抽運光空間分佈有關，還與抽運光斑在介質表面的填充因子密切相關。This text completely and systematically studies the status and the development of the pyrolysis and the fluidization of biomass, which distill the bio - oil in the domestic and international area, as well as the existing problems. this thesis primarily include following aspects : ( l ), by experimenting and measuring the energy ( heat value ) and the content of c, h, n chemical element of right 20 kinds of common biomass, on the base of the experimental result, and respectively established the biomass energy predict experiment formula with the element of h and c is from change, and passed the ro. os examination, which provides the basis and convenience for flash pyrolysis fluidization device energy to convert the rate to compute with biomass energy utilization calculation ; ( 2 ), proceeded the tg and dtg experimentation equal velocity ( 10 ? / min, 20 ? / min, 40 ? / min, 60 ? / min ) heating and constant temperature heating by studying on eight kinds of biomass samples, according to the experimental data and arrhenius formula, we established the dynamics model of pyrolysis of, then, using the goast - redfern and p function, we also solved the dynamics parameters and analyze out every kind of biomass ' s frequency factor and parameters of activation energy, and established the every kind of dynamics model of pyrolysis of biomass, all of these provide the theories and basis to make sure the reactor ' s flash pyrolysis work temperature scope design and the describing of pyrolysis reactor dynamics ; ( 3 ), in order to study and ascertain the process of heat completely getting to pyrolysis time of varied size biomass particles, we observed and measured the ratio of length and diameter ( l / d ) with the varied biomass through electron microscope, we concluded the l / d ratios usually is from 5. 0 to 6. 0, the average is 5. 3 ; ( 4 ), we studied the process of biomass transiting and the theory of complete pyrolysis time with the theory of complicated heat field, we got the time ( t ) of the varied size biomass particles arriving to complete pyrolysis, and we knew that the complete pyrolysis time and the time which get to the biggest production ratio are identical, all of these studies provide the theory base for design and forecasting the flash pyrolysis reactor solid state resort time ; ( 5 ), according to the above experiment result, synthesize to make use of the engineering the mechanics, engineering the material, machine the design to learn the principle, deduce, establish the theory of rotation cone flash pyrolysis reactor material resort time ( t ) and reasonable rotation velocity ( or frequency ) relation theory ; and ( 6 ), we gave the reactor ' s smallest cone angle certain, reactor cone wall strength design theory, the reactor production ability theory, the power design method and the critical rotation velocity theory
本文較全面、系統地綜述了國內外生物質熱解液化制取生物燃油技術研究發展現狀及存在的問題，主要研究內容有： （ 1 ）實驗、測定了20種常見生物質的能量（發熱量）和c 、 h 、 n元素含量，根據實驗結果分別建立了以h和c為自變量的生物質能量預測經驗公式，並通過r _ （ 0 . 05 ）檢驗；為閃速熱解液化裝置能量轉化率計算和生物質能量利用率計算提供了依據和方便； （ 2 ）選擇了8種生物質試樣作了等加熱速率（ 10 min 、 20 min 、 40 min 、 60 min ）和恆溫加熱的tg和dtg實驗，根據實驗數據和阿倫尼烏斯公式建立了生物質熱解反應動力學微分方程，並採用goast - redfem積分法和p函數對其動力學參數進行了求解，解析出各種生物質的頻率因子和活化能參數，進而建立了各種生物質的熱解動力學模型，為科學確定反應器的閃速熱解工作溫度范圍及熱解反應動力學描述，提供了理論和依據； （ 3 ）為研究和確定不同尺度的生物質顆粒中心達到全熱解的時間，在體視顯微鏡下對不同粒度的生物質顆粒的長徑比進行了實驗觀察和測定，得出生物質的長徑比（ l d ）一般在5 . 0 6 . 0之間，平均為5 . 3的結果； （ 4 ）採用復雜溫度場傳熱學理論對生物質傳熱過程及充分熱解時間理論進行了研究，解析推導出了不同尺寸生物質顆粒中心溫度達到充分熱解溫度的時間（ t ） ，得出了理論推導的充分熱解時間與最大產油率的熱解時間相一致的結果，為閃速熱解反應器固相滯留時間設計和預測提供了理論依據； （ 5 ）根據上述實驗結果，綜合運用工程力學、工程材料、機械設計學原理，推導、建立了轉錐式閃速熱解反應器物料滯留時間（ ）與轉速（或頻率）合理匹配理論； （ 6 ）提出了轉錐式閃速熱解反應器的最小錐角設計、錐壁強度設計、生產能力設計理論和功率計算方法及臨界轉速理論等。Temperature sensors tn2530 electronic temperature sensor can indicate current temperature in pipeline by 7 - segment led display and control high low temperature
電子式溫度感應器，可由7節碼led顯示目前管路中的溫度，並控制高低溫。Plasma characteristics of a rf ion source are investigated by emission spectroscopy. the spatiotemporal spectral line intensities of the first three atomic lines in hydrogen bahner series ( = 656. 28, 486. 13, 434. 05nm ) of rf ion source plasma, are measured with calibrated optical multichannel analyzer ( oma ). some plasma parameters, including electron temperature, hydrogen atom density and hydrogen ion density, are calculated and analyzed using partial local thermodynamic equilibrium ( plte ) theory and abel transform
實驗採用絕對定標后的光學多道分析系統（ oma ）測定了離子源等離子體不同時間和空間位置的氫原子巴耳末譜線系中前三條譜線（ = 656 . 28 ， 486 . 13 ， 434 . 05nm ）的強度，並採用plte的理論和abel變換方法，計算出了高頻離子源等離子體的電子溫度、氫原子濃度、氫離子濃度等參數在放電的不同階段和徑向分佈情況，並進行了簡要分析。This paper presents the experimental results of ignition and combustion of semi - coke particles. in the experiment, the ignition temperature, ignition delay, particle burnout time and temperature career during combustion of semi - coke particles with different sizes are measured. the experimental data of the ignition and combustion process are discussed and analyzed. the comparison between the experimental and the theoretical results are also carried out
實驗研究了半焦粒子著火與燃燒過程，測定了幾種尺寸的半焦粒子在不同環境溫度下的著火溫度、著火滯燃期、燃盡時間和燃燒過程中的粒子溫度等與燃燒過程相關的參數變化，對影響半焦粒子燃燒的因素進行分析討論，並將實驗結果與理論計算結果進行了對比分析，兩者在一定范圍內有較好的一致。In this experiment the ponder - motive force can compete with plasma thermal pressure, which is estimated by theory and confirmed by frequency shift measured in reflected light of uv laser
從真空吸收給出的超熱電子溫度的定標率來看，實驗中測量得到的超熱電子溫度是合理的。We then discuss the vibrational - rotational level transitions and the population rate equations for the laser. in addition, electron temperature, electron density and the mixtured gas temperature in the laser plasma are investigated in details. the third part is with regard to the optimal designs and the experiments of the lasers
在二氧化碳激光動力學機理的研究中，比較詳細地討論了二氧化碳激光動力學過程，給出了激光振動-轉動能級躍遷及其速率方程、激光等離子體電子密度和電子溫度，以及混合氣體的氣體溫度The temperature field ' s calculation on the hydro - generators stator was one of the main in design, which was related to the life of generator and the reliability of operation
水輪發電機定子溫度場的計算是發電機設計中的主要內容之一，它直接關繫到電機的壽命和運行的可靠性。因此，準確的計算定子溫度場對電機的設計和運行具有重要意義。2. according to the weighted average, soil co2 concentration is 0. 58 - 13. 29 times of that in atmosphere and is relatively lower than similar research, meanwhile, soil co2 concentration in profile varied irregularly, which possibly is due to the chemical and physical characteristic of loess soils, season change and arid climate etc. the variation of soil co2 concentration in profile is mainly controlled by soil temperature and soil moisture, in contrast with soil temperature, the control role of soil moisture is minor. in conclusion, in order to have a good command of the distribution and change rule of soil profile co2 concentration as well as its effect factors, multi - point and successive location experiment should be made, meanwhile establish indoor soil - pillar monitoring experiment
土壤co _ 2的濃度約為大氣co _ 2濃度的0 . 58 ? 13 . 29倍與同類研究相比要低，這是與黃土的土質特性，觀測期又逢特別乾旱年制約了土壤微生物的活動，再加上土壤中有機質虧損，養分不足造成的；土壤co _ 2含量的變化是隨溫度的升高而升高，在夏季達最高值，冬季最低；在土壤co _ 2濃度變化的影響因子溫度和水分中，溫度的影響作用高於水分；土壤剖面co _ 2濃度隨著深度增加，總的變化趨勢是遞增的，但也有反復，甚至有的順剖面而下幾乎保持一恆值，這與季節變化和黃土自身結構的通透性以及在觀測期內的乾旱氣候等條件有關。In chapter three we study the properties of solitons in protein molecular systems by method of quantum coherent states, and obtained the improved temperature stability of the solitons due to the cubic nonlinear phonon potential
第三章利用量子相干態方法研究蛋白質分子鏈系統中孤立子特徵，得到了考慮聲子三階非線性作用勢下孤立子溫度穩定性提高的結論。分享友人