分組轉發 的英文怎麼說
中文拼音 [fēnzǔzhuǎnfā]
分組轉發
英文
pr packet retransmission-
It is composed of three mian protocols : call synchronization protocol, control frame transmission protocol based on arq mechanism and data transmisstion protocol based on slot precontract mechanism. one scan channel table is shared in the hfmanet. the nodes in the same dwell group work in the same scan channel, and the nodes in the different dwell group work in the different scan channel
該協議的網路拓撲結構採用分散式分群結構，協議不同於傳統的短波點到點及需要中心節點轉發的組網方式，而是初步實現了短波電臺之間多跳組網功能，其協議內容主要包括同步呼叫協議、基於arq的控制幀傳輸協議和基於虛電路及時隙預約方式的數據幀傳輸協議。The hardware mainly consists of three parts : signal pre - amplifying and conditioning circuit is used to amplifying the microseismic signals which have detected, signal processing and target identifying circuit based on singlechip is used to convert the analog signals which have been amplified to digital signals and go through signal analysis, processing to identify the moving target, the sending and receiving setting is used to send the identifying result to the decision - making and he can take relevant action according to the result
硬體主要由三部分組成：信號調理電路對檢測到的微弱地震動信號進行放大；基於單片機的信號分析與目標識別電路將放大后的模擬信號進行a d轉換，進一步將得出的數字信號分析、處理，實現目標識別；識別結果發射與接收裝置將識別結果發射給決策者，由其根據接收結果採取相應的措施。Focusing on the performance evaluating and the design of tripropellant injector, adopting the cold test rig with background pressure supply, malvem particle analyzer, ccd photography system, tripropellant hot test - bed, numerical simulation software and auxiliary theoretical a nalysis, the d ischarge c haracteristic a s w ell a s a tomization p erformance o f the injector and the combustion performance as well as the mode - transition characteristic of thrust chamber are studied detailedly based on the 3 different structures of coaxial tripropellant injector, large numbers of important conclusions are gained
本文圍繞三組元噴嘴的性能評定及設計方法。採用反壓冷試臺、馬爾文測粒儀、 ccd高速攝影系統、三組元發動機熱態試驗臺、數值模擬程序及輔助理論分析等多種技術手段和研究方法，對三種結構的同軸式三組元噴嘴深入進行了噴嘴流量特性和霧化特性、推力室燃燒性能和轉工況性能研究，得到了大量重要結果。Di ffserv model is composite of data path and control path, the data path finishes packet pretreatment and forward while the control path finishes resource manage
實現diffserv模型可以分為數據通路和控制通路兩部分，數據通路完成分組的預處理和轉發，控制通路完成資源的管理。In order to resolve the question, in the thesis a simulation arithmetic of hydro - electrical system is put up. the equations of hydro - electrical system are divided to two parts, one of which consists of the differential equations of conduit system, hydro turbine and generator ' s rotator and is solved by characteristic equation arithmetic, the other of which consists of the differential equations of generator, magnetic system and grid and is solved by longge - kuta arithmetic or covert integrated arithmetic. through the alternative solving of the two parts, the simulation results of the large - disturbance transient could be abstained eventually
為解決這一問題，本文提出了一種將水力系統和電力系統方程交替求解的水電系統聯合模擬演算法，即將包括輸水系統、水輪機以及機組轉子等部分的水力系統差分方程作為一部分，將包括同步發電機、勵磁系統以及電網等部分的電力系統微分方程或差分方程作為另一鄭州大學工學碩士論文部分，對前一部分採用特徵線法求解，對后一部分根據模型形式採用龍格一庫塔法或隱式積分法等演算法求解，這兩部分的求解過程交替進行，最終即可得到水電系統大擾動過程的模擬結果。Therefore, this thesis presents a new asynchronous messaging model based on distributed object, and discusses the basic communication problems in the model, which includes asynchronous invoke, store - forward, object migration, message multicast, etc. base on this model, the thesis also studies some advanced technology problem such as message routing, reliable delivery, performance guarantee, etc, which will be met in constructing complex distributed system
為此，本文提出一種新型的基於分佈對象的異步消息模型，並重點論述了該模型所提供的異步調用、存儲-轉發、對象遷移、消息組播等基本通信問題。基於該模型，本文還研究了構建復雜分散式系統時所面臨的消息尋徑、消息可靠傳遞、性能保障等高級技術問題。That is, the knowledge frame of teacher is made up of eight parts : subject matter knowledge, curriculum knowledge, general pedagogical knowledge, pedagogical content knowledge, knowledge of learners, knowledge of self, knowledge of contexts and knowledge of educational ends and values. with regard to the sources of teacher knowledge, teachers " " teaching experience and rethinking of self and " daily intercommunion with colleagues " are the most important source teachers develop their teaching knowledge of self. " the training on service " and " organized professional activities " are more important source, but in comparison with above sources " the experiences as a student ", " training beforce service " and " reading professional books and periodicals " are less important sources
研究得到的主要結論是，提出並闡明了教師知識的理論框架結構模型，即教師的知識結構是由八個部分組成：學科內容知識、課程知識、一般性教學知識、學生知識、教師自身知識、教育情景知識、教育目的及價值知識和學科教學知識；在教師知識的來源上，教師「自身的教學經驗和反思」以及「和同事的日常交流」是他們發展自身教學知識的最重要的來源， 「在職培訓」和「有組織的專業活動」也是比較重要的來源，但是相比之下， 「作為學生時的經驗」 、 「職前培訓」和「閱讀專業書刊」則是最不重要的來源；在教師知識應用上，闡述教師知識和教師教學決定的關系；針對新課程的改革，以及教師知識的轉換，闡述課程設計與教師教育的有關問題:最後對教師知識的未來發展進行了展望。The main work of the base - band process part of the receiver is demodulation and decoding, the link control part does the framing and forwarding
接收機的基帶處理部分主要是解調和譯碼，鏈路控制部分組幀和轉發。Using the theories of probability, algebra and number theory comprehensively, we investigate a class of boolean functions with three - valued walsh spectrum in the first part of this dissertation : the properties of the extended semi - bent functions, which are constructed from any two bent functions, are studied, followed by the structure characteristics of the boolean functions satisfying propagation criterion with respect to all but two vectors ; the definition and cryptographic properties of k - order quasi - bent functions are proposed whose walsh spectrum takes on only three values. some sufficient and necessary conditions are offered to decide whether a boolean function is a k - order quasi - bent function ; a special method is presented to construct the k - order quasi - bent functions, whose cryptographic properties are explored by the matrix method, which is different from the method of walsh spectrum and that of autocorrelation of boolean functions ; the application of this kind of boolean functions in the fields of stream cipher, communications and block ciphers is discussed, which shows the great importance of the fc - order quasi - bent functions ; some methodology are proposed to construct the k - order quasi - bent functions, including the complete construction by using the characteristic matrices of boolean functions, and the recursive method by two known k - order quasi - bent functions we further extend our investigation to the ring zp, where p is a prime, and the similar results are presented as far as the p - valued quasi - generalized - bent functions are considered
本文首先綜合運用概率論、代數學、數論等基礎學科的理論知識，並以頻譜理論作為主要研究工具，對一類譜值分佈相對均勻的函數? ?廣半bent函數、 k階擬bent函數和p值k階擬廣義bent函數進行了系統、深入的研究，給出了廣半bent函數定義，並探討了廣半bent函數的密碼學性質；給出了k階擬bent函數和p值k階擬廣義bent函數的定義及等價判別條件；討論了k階擬bent函數和p值k階擬廣義bent函數與部分bent函數和p值廣義部分bent函數的關系，探討了它們的密碼學性質；給出了k階擬bent函數和p值k階擬廣義bent函數的典型構造方法，並將對k階擬bent函數的密碼性質的研究轉化到對一類特殊的矩陣的研究上；利用布爾函數的特徵矩陣原則上給出了k階擬bent函數的一種完全構造方法，還給出了從已有的p值k階擬廣義bent函數出發，遞歸構造變元個數更多的p值k階擬廣義bent函數的方法；初步探討了k階擬bent函數在序列密碼、分組密碼以及通信中的應用；給出了一類布爾函數walsh譜的分解式，並利用這類布爾函數的walsh譜分解式給出了一類近似穩定的布爾函數的構造，特殊情形下為k階擬bent函數；利用代數數論的知識考察了p值k階擬廣義bent函數的譜特徵，並給出了k階擬廣義bent函數與所有仿射函數的符合率特徵等等。According to the mil - std - 188 - 220b protocol of american army, data packets can be relayed and forwarded automatically by nodes in network. the network can detect the change of topology in internal system and assure the information to be sent to the destination node in connective network. furthermore, it comprises of the radio data transmitting network for some equipments such as tactical data terminal and computer so on
本質上，它屬于無中心的自組織分組無線網，按照美軍戰術網際網路「數字消息傳輸設備子系統互操作標準」 （ mil - std - 188 - 220b協議） ，通過節點對數據分組的自動中繼轉發，使網路能夠自動探測到系統內部拓撲結構發生的變化，保證信息能達到網路中所有連通的節點，為戰術數據終端和計算機等設備提供無線數據傳輸網路。Based on the mfc ( multicast forwarding cache ) formed by multicast protocol such as dvmrp ( distance vector multicast routing protocol ), pim ( protocol independent multicast ), we can build special lsp ( lable switch path ) for certain source group couple to transport multicast data flow using ldp ( lable distribute protocol ) or cr - ldp. based on the zxb10 switching router of zte co. we can now support dvmrp within the context of mpls networks
本文主要研究mpls網路對ip組播業務的支持，根據現有的ip組播協議如dvmrp 、 pim等所生成的組播轉發表（轉發樹） ，利用mpls網路的ldp （標記分發協議） cr - ldp （顯式路由標記分發協議）為特定的源組對確立lsp （標記交換路徑） 。Part two : organizing strategy of cooperative learning in implementation of new mathematical curriculum this part analyzes the problem in the process of implementing of cooperative learning in new mathematical curriculum by observing in classroom and studying case. six problems is : ( 1 ) the group activity stay on the formal, and lack the material cooperation ( 2 ) individual duty diffuse, " take a ride " phenomenon have the occurrence ; ( 3 ) student social intercourse technical lack. ( 4 ) no change in teacher ' s role, lacking guidance to student ; ? ividing group difficultly for big class formation, fulling of too much noisy in classroom ; ? valuation system is not well, group cooperation exist in name only, provides six suggestions for these problems : ( 1 ) dividing group scientificly and vividly ; ( 2 ) leading student active cooperative learning ; ( 3 ) increasing the individual duty ; ( 4 ) cultivating students " cooperative method and social intercours technical ; ( 5 ) enhancing management in classroom ; ( 6 ) handling a few relations rightly ; finally, puts forward the principle and program of orgnizing cooperative learning in new mathematical curriculum
二、新數學課程實施中合作學習的組織策略本部分在對實驗區數學課堂觀察和個案研究的基礎上，分析得出了新數學課程實施中合作學習存在的6個問題：小組活動留于形式，缺乏實質性合作；個體責任擴散， 「搭車」現象時有發生；學生社交技能欠缺，合作效率低下；教師對自己角色轉變認識不清，指導作用沒有跟上；大班額分組困難，課堂過于喧嘩混亂；評價體系沒有跟上，小組合作名存實亡。針對這些問題，對新數學課程實施中開展合作學習提出了6方面建議：科學靈活地分組；引導學生主動合作學習；提高個體責任：重視對學生合作方法、社交技能的培養；加強合作學習中課堂管理；正確處理幾對關系。最後提出了新數學課程實施中合作學習的組織的原則和組織序列。A solution for traffic engineering design based on gmpls is demonstrated in this study. the solution is based on the analysis of the technical theory, implementation mechanism and core technology of gmpls and featured in its constraint - based routing. by using the expansion and combination of the existing protocols, the solution composes of 4 parts : packet forwarding module, information distribution module, path selection module and signaling module
本文的研究工作是作者在大唐電信「基於wdm技術的多業務智能光網路系統」可行性研究小組在gmpls研究方面的一部分，在對gmpls的基本技術原理、實現機制以及核心技術進行研究分析的基礎上，針對gmpls的約束顯式路由技術特點，作者在本文設計了一種基於gmpls的流量工程解決方案，它充分利用了現有協議的簡單擴展和組合，該解決方案包括四個基本組成部分：包轉發單元、信息發布單元、路徑選擇單元和信令單元。Wto principles that stipulate and restrict their governmental demeanors. we can say that the entry into the wto is the government ' s entry. therefore, the chinese government ' s administrative system and function establishment should be stipulated and restricted by wto principles. furthermore, it is faced with various impacts and challenges brought forth by its entry into the wto. at present, various government levels should be relocate their functions in accordance with requirements of the regulations and rules of the wto in order to make the conversion and transformation successfully. in other words, they need to change from a highly centralized state power to mod erately dispersed control, from an administrative command to market dominance, from an examining and approving economy to a supervising service building an efficient protection and monitoring policy and improving the development of the economy
入世后的中國政府的行政管理體制和運行機制就要受到wto規則的規范和約束，這就是我國現有的政府職能面臨著入世帶來的種種沖擊和挑戰，為此，我國各級政府必須按wto規則中對政府職能的要求來給政府重新定位，已順利實現職能轉變和政府轉型，既由高度集權向適度分權轉變，由行政命令向市場主導轉變，由審批經濟向監管服務轉變，建立有效的符合世貿組織規則的保護和監控措施，促進經濟建設的發展。A fast non - iterative global motion estimation ( gme ) algorithm is disclosed for estimating the perspective transform global motion parameters from the motion vectors ( mv ) obtained from the block matching process that includes grouping a plurality of motion vectors in the input video stream into a predetermined number of groups of motion vectors, calculating a set of global motion parameters from each of the predetermined groups of the motion vector, and processing the set of global motion parameters generated from the calculation to obtain a final estimation
本發明系關於一種快速非反覆式全域移動估測方法，以由區塊匹配程序中所獲得的移動向量去估測一透視轉換全域移動參數，其包含一分組步驟，將該輸入影像資料流中的多個移動向量區分成具有預定數目的移動向量之群組?一計算步驟，系依據每一群組中之移動向量，求取該等群組之全域移動向量參數值?一處理步驟，系處理計算步驟中所計算出的每一群組之群組全域移動向量參數值，以獲得一最後之全域移動向量。With the normative research method, this paper at first analyzes the concepts, ideas, characteristics of virtual enterprise and the fundamental model of operation, explains the cause of the origin and evolution of virtual enterprise, advances the original background and definition of virtual construction. by a comparison between virtual construction and traditional project management organization mode, the fundamental conditions of the application of virtual construction in domestic construction industry are analyzed from aspects of the change of project management organization mode, the basis of cooperation and the degree of information modernization. because of the continual development of virtual construction in practice, this paper makes further study on its concept and meaning, gives description of the process and system structure of virtual construction and the select principle of cooperate partner
首先分析了虛擬企業的概念、思想、特點以及運作的基本形式，運用交易費用經濟學、戰略管理的相關理論解釋了虛擬企業產生發展的原因；結合建築行業的技術經濟特點，提出了虛擬建設的產生背景及其定義，通過虛擬建設與傳統工程項目管理組織模式的對比，從工程建設項目管理組織模式的轉變、合作的基礎、信息化程度三方面分析了虛擬建設在我國建築業應用的基礎條件；虛擬建設在實踐中不斷地發展，本文進一步解釋其定義及其內涵，描述了虛擬建設的過程和體系結構以及合作夥伴的選擇原則，分析了虛擬建設模式對建築企業組織結構的影響；結合組織發展的最新趨勢，提出了組織虛擬化的概念、過程，分析了企業組織結構的演變；最後分析了虛擬企業在我國建築業的應用前景，提出了推動虛擬企業在我國建築業應用的建議。The mpls technology was raised just in order to make the most of the switching technology in the core of the network and the ip routing technology on the edge of the network. before presenting the solution of the mpls, there are many integration model, the basic method adopted by them were all carry the control information from the ip router, and combine it with the transmition capability and the label switching of the atm switching machine, accordingly constructing a high speed and economic multi layer switching router. but, all these solutions can not communicate and just suit for adapting the atm as the second layer transmiting link, can n ' t work on other interface ( fr, ppp, and ethernet ), this is obviously conflict with the developing way of the based on packet of the internet
多協議標簽交換（ mpls ）技術就是為了綜合利用網路核心的交換技術和網路邊緣的ip路由技術各自的優點而產生的。在mpls技術方案提出之前已有的各種集成模型解決方案所採取的基本方法都是從ip路由器獲取控制信息，將其與atm交換機的轉發性能和標簽交換方式相結合，從而構建成一個高速而經濟的多層交換路由器。但是，各種方案彼此不能互通，而且僅適用於以atm作為第2層的傳輸鏈路，不能工作在其他多種媒體（如幀中繼、點對點協議、以太網）中，這與internet基於分組的發展方向相矛盾。Each node in manet acts as both terminal and router, which collects routes and forwards packets
網路中的節點具有終端和路由器的雙重功能，節點具有路由獲取和分組轉發的功能。Each node in ad hoc has two part : router and host. as host mobile node must run application program belongs to user ; as router it need running router protocol
作為主機，移動節點需要運行面向用戶的應用程序；作為路由器，它需要運行相應的路由協議，參與數據分組轉發工作和路由維護工作。In the internet, packet - dropping - based buffer mangement algorithm is an important module in a packet - forwarding device. by employing the buffer management algorithms, ( 1 ) tcp flows can be protected, ( 2 ) without per - flow queueing, the bandwidth of unresponsive and responsive flows can be balanced even with fcfs ( first - come - first - served ) scheduler, ( 3 ) based on per - flow queueing, the bandwidth of unresponsive and responsive flows, as well as that of pure responsive flows can be balanced at the same time, and ( 4 ) in a multi - priority network, different bandwidth can be allocated according to a predetermined proportion
Internet中，基於分組丟棄技術的緩存管理演算法是分組轉發設備的一個重要的功能模塊，利用它， （ 1 ）可以保護tcp流， （ 2 ）可以在採用fcfs （先到先服務）調度演算法時較公平地分配響應流和非響應流的帶寬， （ 3 ）可以在按流排隊的基礎上同時較公平地分配響應流和非響應流、以及響應流之間的帶寬， （ 4 ）還可以在多優先級的網路環境中，根據預定的比例分配帶寬。分享友人