判例法系 的英文怎麼說

中文拼音 [pànlìfǎxì]
判例法系 英文
case law system
  • 判 : Ⅰ動詞1 （分開; 分辨） distinguish; discriminate 2 （評定） judge; decide 3 （判決） sentence; con...
  • 法 : Ⅰ名詞1 （由國家制定或認可的行為規則的總稱） law 2 （方法; 方式） way; method; mode; means 3 （標...
  • 系 : 系動詞（打結; 扣） tie; fasten; do up; button up
  • 判例 : [法律] legal precedent; judicial precedent; case law : 國際法判例 cases in international law判例法 case law
  1. This thesis points out that those five countries mentioned above have " citizen lawsuit " legal provision, which is based on environmental right. group lawsuit is or going to be the important form of environmental lawsuit. in order to lighten the sufferers " cause and effect testimony - offering responsibility, those countries confess in their legal precedent or legislation the theory of probability, medical cause, effect and indirect disproof, and implement the invert testimony - offering responsibility or shifting principle

    指出幾國均存在以環境權為基礎的「公民訴訟」法律條款；集團訴訟成為環境訴訟的重要形式；為了減輕環境侵權受害人的因果關系舉證責任，蓋然性說、疫學因果關系說、間接反證說等大都得到了各國判例乃至立法的承認，各國普遍實行了舉證責任倒置或轉移原則。
  2. The chapter builds up the imputable liability system for chinese securities laws within the framework of the continental law theory, through the comparison and analysis of the duty of care criterion established for the behavior of misrepresentation by relevant securities statutes and cases in the u. s. the u. s. practices adopt different duties of care including scienter, negligence and strict liability against misrepresentation under different circumstances

    本章以美國證券成文法與判例法對虛假陳述行為設定的注意標準為借鑒，按照大陸法理論框架構建我國證券法關于虛假陳述的歸責體系。針對各種不同的虛假陳述行為，美國採用了包括欺詐、過失和嚴格責任等多種注意標準的歸責體制。
  3. In chinas criminal law system, judicial precedents should be positioned equal to criminal judicial interpretations in terms of effect

    刑事判例在我國刑法體系中的定位應同刑事司法解釋同處於一個效力層面。
  4. After comparing the legislative form and content between anglo - america law system and continent law system, the author first analyzes the difference in the legislative form which the former is based on case law and the later is based on written law and the difference in liability of sponsors when the company is found in success or in failure, then generalizes the similarity and particularity of the two law systems

    在對英美法系和大陸法系發起人民事責任立法形式和內容比較的基礎上，分析了它們在立法形式上分別以判例法為主和以成文法為主的差異，以及在公司成立和公司不能成立兩種情形下發起人責任內容上的區別，概括了他們立法上的先進之處和特色部分。
  5. Case law system

    判例法系
  6. In the second part, it discusses the basic contents of the clinical legal education, defines its connotation and feature, and researches the relationship between case method and clinical legal education. in the third part, the thesis evaluates the clinical legal education as a kind of teaching mode, including its values, defaults and functions. the forth part is the emphasis of this thesis, which is the designation of clinical legal education in our country, relating to its teaching objective, basic principles, fundamental structures, the system of evaluation, the teacher - resources and confirmation of their achievements, and students " identification, etc

    本文引言部分介紹了該文寫作的學科背景及診所式法律教育研究的概況，第一部分梳理了診所式法律教育的歷史發展，探討了它產生的條件，並對它的傳播進行了概要地描述與分析；第二部分討論了診所式法律教學模式的基本內容，明確了它的涵義、特點，並對判例教學模式與診所式法律教學模式之間的關系進行了研究；第三部分對診所式法律教學模式進行了評價，主要包括它的價值、缺失和作用三個方面；第四部分是本文的重點，對我國的診所式法律教學模式進行設計，主要涉及它的教學目標、教學基本原則、基本結構、評估體系、診所教師的來源與教師成果的肯定和診所學生身份的定位等問題。
  7. Since genealogy of law in both china ' s mainland and the anglo - american countries has recognized the spiritual infringement compensation claim, there should be a clear definition in china ' s future civil code

    鑒于大陸法系和英美法系各主要國家的立法和判例都已經承認了旅遊合同中的精神損害賠償請求權，因此在我國未來的民法典中也應當對此加以明確規定。
  8. By analyzing factors that influence on the ground to air missile position selection, this paper builds up a factor index system for the position selection, and gives the fuzzy synthetic evaluating model and method of position selection, and proves the feasibility and practicability of the model and method that evaluate the ground to air missile position selection

    通過對影響地空導彈陣地選擇各因素的全面分析，建立了陣地選擇的因素指標體系，給出了陣地選擇的綜合評判模型和評判方法，並通過實例驗證了該模型和方法對評估和優選地空導彈陣地的可行性和實用性。
  9. When there is essential damage the creditor has the right to sue the third party for tort independently. in the practice of trial, it ' s more important to research the defense than the constitution. this paper introduced some ripe defense as reasonable behavior, justness dispute, lawful behavior, line of duty and inapplicability of tort law

    而英美法系則通過大量的審判活動積累了相當復雜的免責事由，但是由於判例法的傳統，要想總結所有的免責事由幾乎是不可能的，所以本文對于合理行為、正當競爭、合法行為、履行職責和不適用侵權法的行為等較成熟的免責事由做了一些簡單的介紹。
  10. Because of the common law tradition, american law comes from four basic sources : the federal and state constitutions, statutes made by the united states congress and the legislatures of the various states, case law or judge - made law ( uncodified law based on judicial decisions ), and rules and decisions formulated by administrative agencies collectively known as administrative law

    由於普通法系統的傳統，美國法律有4個基本來源：聯邦和州憲法，美國國會和各州議會通過的成文法，判例法或者說法官制定的法律（基於法院判決的不成文法） ，以及統稱為行政法的由各行政機關制定的規則和決議。
  11. Evidence system is one of the most important questions in the civil proceedings and standard of proof is an important question in the evidence system. the civil procedure law applies the standard of " highly probable " in civil litigations. this article points out that it is not reasonable to adopt the " highly probable " standard in all civil litigations. firstly, this article mentions the important meaning of standard of proof in judicial proof. secondly, it pionts out the flaws in the standard of proof in civil litigation in our country. thirdly, it introduces the standard of proof in civil litigation in common law and civil law countries and analyzes the similar and different points in the standard of proof. finally this article points out several suggestions to rebuild the system of standard of proof. lt suggests we should construct a system which considers the " highly probable " standard as a principle and adopts other forms of standard of proof in sepcial civil cases. and we can build this reasonable system by means of legislation and case law

    但在所有民事案件中均劃一適用較高程度的蓋然性作為證明標準是不合理的。文章首先闡明了民事訴訟證明標準在訴訟證明中的重要意義，然後對於我國有關民事訴訟證明標準的現狀及其缺陷作了一個概括，接著文章對于兩大法系民事訴訟證明標準的異同進行了介紹以及比較分析，最後提出了對于構建一個科學的民事訴訟證明標準體系的幾點建議。文章建議應當通過立法以及判例制度來建立一個以較高程度的蓋然性為原則的多元的證明標準體系。
  12. The western countries, with the help of a series of prejudications or legal provisions, have established the system that directors should bear liability for corporation creditors

    西方國家通過一系列判例或法律規定確定了董事對公司債權人承擔法律責任的制度。而我國法律在這方面的規定仍然闕如。
  13. American law belongs to the common law legal system which mainly origins from case law. in course of its development, the judges, especially those of federal super court and the superior state courts, played a very important role. in order to retain the continuity and the stability of legal system, they made an effort to find the social demands and embedded them into the lively cases. in this way, they constantly reforged the case law legal system of america, making it permanent and fresh

    美國法屬于以判例為主要法律淵源的普通法法系。在它發展演化的過程中，法官，尤其是聯邦最高法院和各州最高一級法院的法官們發揮了極其重要的作用。他們在保持法律制度的連續性和穩定性的同時，用心體察社會發展的需求，並把這種需求精心地嵌入一個個鮮活的判例中，不斷重塑著美國的判例法體系，使之恆久而常新。
  14. Surveying the theories and practice all over the world, the countries such as german insist on contract responsibility according to providing contract by silent information and protecting the third party. however, america and england tend to infringement responsibility, because they think there is n ' t strict contract relations between accounting and the third party, and cpa against the liability stipulated in advance. the third party can be devided to the direct third party, the predicted third party and the third party which can be predicted reasonably

    縱觀世界各國學說與實踐，德國等大陸法系國家一般主張為契約責任，這主要是以默示的信息提供契約，具保護第三人效力的契約，契約締結上的過失等理由為依據；而英美法系國家，判例和學說趨向降旗認定為一種侵權責任，因為會計師與第三人之間並無嚴格意義上的契約關系，雖然對注冊會計師而言，第三人具有合理的可被預見性，但第三人畢竟是不確定的多數人，因而會計師違反的是法律事先規定的義務，侵犯的是一般公民的權利，是絕對權，只能依侵權行為的責任構成追究責任。
  15. All of the company law take various measures to prevent watered stock in order to realize the maintenance of company ' s capital when the company is established. meanwhile, the distribution system about dividend and bonus and the relating system of company getting its own shares are discussed mainly in the maintenance of capital after company ' s working. though there are different distribution regulations about dividend and bonus, their aims are all to make balance between the interest of shareholders and creditors

    公司設立時為實現公司資本的充實，各國公司法都禁止股票折價階；大陸法系國家制定了嚴格的出資財產評估與審核制度，而英美法系則通過制定法中的原則性規定以及發達的司法判例賊份對價的充分性進行判斷；發起人的資本充實責任對確保公司資本的充實跪重要的作用，一伽括認購擔保責任、繳納邯責任和價格填補責任等。
  16. Consulting criterion and experts ’ experience the grade standards of indexes are listed, and applying grey correlation analysis method to calculate value of the indexes, of which the form is a serial data. the last, an actual bridge uses synthesis evaluation model, of which calculating result is the same as conclusion of the experts. so the bridge condition synthesis evaluation model of this dissertation is relatively in reason ; chapter 3 discusses defects of current bridge condition evaluation methods, and analyzes various factors, which bring bridge degeneration

    參考《公路橋涵養護規范》中的分級標準進行評語量化，最後根據綜合評價模型進行實橋的評價，驗證本文所用方法的合理性;第三章，討論層次分析法建立橋梁評價模型存在的問題，分析影響橋梁退化的各種因素，並給出因素的模糊分級標準，運用模糊綜合評判方法估算橋梁平均退化率，以掌握橋梁的退化狀態，並舉例說明本方法的可行性;第四章，針對橋梁狀態評價具有信息不完全、關系不明確等灰色特性，以及目前我國橋梁管理部門儲備的橋梁數據資料較少的弱點，對橋梁狀態退化趨勢的預測採用灰色預測的方法，並給出了橋梁狀態的灰色馬爾可夫預測模型和非等時距灰色預測模型。
  17. Referring to the legislation of roman legal genealogy and judical practice of british legal genealogy and considering chinese social situation, the majority tend to believe general liabitity for fault should be adopted in reference

    參酌大陸法系國家和地區的立法及英美法系國家或地區的判例，衡量我國社會現實，多數人認為，學校承擔學生傷害事故的賠償責任宜採用一般過錯責任歸責原則。
  18. Similarly, there is a fiduciary theory in the case law of the anglo - american legal system

    英美法系的判例法有類似的被信任者義務的法理。
  19. Graeme s. cooper ， conflicts, challenges and choices ? the rule of law and anti - avoidance rules, tax avoidance and the rule of law, ed. by graeme s. cooper ， p40

    關于大陸法系和英美法系法對社會的適應力的論述參見董茂雲： 「大陸法系法典法與普通法系判例法的社會適應力比較」 ，載《法學家》 ， 1998年第4期。
  20. Case law ' s status and legal effect are not made clear in china. so it is regarded that on the basis of principle of written law, legal status of administrative law should be established, then we can transform administration of law to administration by law and realize the ideal of ruling by law

    現代法治國家呈現出兩大法系融合的趨勢，中國以成文法為本位，未明確判例法的法律地位與效力，有鑒於此，本文認為在堅持法典化的原則下，應確立典型判例的法律地位，這樣有助於從依法行政到法治行政的轉化，進而實現法治國的理想。
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