合作社所有制 的英文怎麼說

中文拼音 [gězuòshèsuǒyǒuzhì]
合作社所有制 英文
cooperative ownership system
  • 合 : 合量詞（容量單位） ge, a unit of dry measure for grain （=1 decilitre）
  • 社 : 名詞1 （共同工作或生活的一種集體組織） organized body; agency; society 2 （人民公社） people s co...
  • 有 : 有副詞[書面語] （表示整數之外再加零數）: 30 有 5 thirty-five; 10 有 5年 fifteen years
  • 制 : Ⅰ動詞1 （製造） make; manufacture 2 （擬訂; 規定） draw up; establish 3 （用強力約束; 限定; 管束...
  1. Next, evaluation of cooperative and related theories has been made in social and historical origin, effect and the influence and development, and pointed out : cooperative is resulted from the combination between fair need and marketing system ; cooperative can not achieve the society objectives that the utopian socialism person sought ; nowadays economy productivity makes the cooperative one kind of available form of organization for the weak power colony for seeking the economic interest possesses extensively

    從成本最小化與交易費用的角度出發，人們選擇合作經濟組織形式的實質是合作社所做的作業比合作成員個別完成更能節省生產成本和交易成本，並從中分享規模經濟和范圍經濟的利益。 3合作經濟的所有制形式以合作經濟理論述評和合作經濟質的分析為基礎，本章探討合作經濟的所有制性質與形式。第一，生產資料全部屬勞動者個人所有的形式。
  2. Article 8 rural people ' s communes, agricultural producers cooperatives and other forms of cooperative economy, such as producers ' supply and marketing, credit and consumers cooperatives, belong to the sector of socialist economy under collective ownership by the working people

    第8條農村人民公社、農業生產合作社和其他生產、供銷、信用、消費等各種形式的合作經濟，是社會主義勞動群眾集體所有制經濟。
  3. He shall give notice of all meetings of the members, of the board and of the combined meetings of the board and committees, in the manner prescribed by these bylaws, and shall perform such other duties as he may be directed to perform by resolution of the board of directors not inconsistent with the ordinance and these bylaws

    秘書：秘書編制及保存所有社員大會、聯合會議及董事會議記錄；依照本章程規定，發出社員會議、董事會與委員會聯席會議、董事會議通告；負責推行董事會依照法例及本章程規定所通過及委託執行之工作。
  4. In the forth part, the author analyzed the process of system changes of chinese township enterprises, using the framework established in the third part. first, the author reviewed the development history of chinese township enterprises. then, she analyzed the three stages of chinese township enterprises usually have passed, which are the collective system, contract system or lease system, hare - holding co - operative system and hare - holding system

    首先介紹了中國鄉鎮企業的發展歷程；其次運用第三部分建立的分析框架按照時間進度對中國鄉鎮集體企業制度變遷的結構與過程進行了分析，總的來說，中國鄉鎮集體企業制度的變遷經歷了三個階段：集體所有制時期、承包制租賃制時期、股份合作制或股份制時期；作者總結了中國鄉鎮集體企業制度變遷過程中所呈現的特徵：社區政府逐漸推出企業經營；需求誘致為主的制度變遷；變遷具有階段性和差異性；整體配套改革需要落實。
  5. People may select cooperative form, partnership, joint venture or joint - stock company in order to achieve the creation purpose that they imagine. ( 2 ) cooperative. by way of the definition of history and international cooperation alliance as well as the difference analysis of the west countries cooperative forms, it is thought that the cooperative is that for the joint interest in the essential meaning, the laborer found economic enterprise or the economy organization according to the cooperative principles

    首先在對「農村合作經濟」以及「合作制」相關概念的含義進行界定的基礎上，以歷史唯物主義觀對合作經濟理論及其相關理論產生的社會歷史根源、作用及影響、發展演化進行評析，得到如下結論：合作社經濟是市場經濟與人們追求公平結合的產物；合作經濟並不能達到空想社會主義者所追求的社會目標；合作經濟是弱勢群體在目前生產力水平下，為追求經濟利益而採取的一種有效的經濟組織形式。
  6. Rural people s communes, agricultural producers co - operatives, and other forms of co - operative economy such as producers supply and marketing, credit and consumers co - operatives, belong to the sector of socialist economy under collective ownership by the working people

    第八條農村人民公社農業生產合作社和其他生產供銷信用消費等各種形式的合作經濟，是社會主義勞動群眾集體所有制經濟。參加農村集體經濟組織的勞動者，有權在法律規定的范圍內經營自留地自留山家庭副業和飼養自留畜。
  7. The discussion of cultural construction mode in baibuting community is developed as following : the first part presents author ' s motivation in carrying out the research, defining some concepts and introducing a few common modes of cultural construction in urban communities. the second part is a detailed description of fundamental ideas and content, advocating the notion of " human oriented, moral centered, law abiding, trying to creating a modern community with the capacity of sustainable development ", introducing its unique homestead culture. the third part sets forth the innovation of community culture construction modes in baibuting community : in order to create a, human - oriented community culture, establish a peaceful and content environment for the socialism ideology, the baibuting community made innovation on community management system ; by the analysis of the occupational statistics and object groups, the author found out that most of residents come from the middle class ; then, the author gives the definition of middle class and its general features in a sociological perspective ; finally, the thesis analyses the characteristics of the community residents " pursuit of culture and the harmonious development of community culture in aspects like value system, consumption habits, cultural needs

    本文通過理論學習，對百步亭花園社區文化建設的模式進行了探索研究，在現狀調查過程中，筆者發現百步亭的社區文化建設之所以成功，除了開發商和物業管理中心的組織建設外，還有小區居民的積極參與合作，三者密不可分，而這又與居民所屬的階層文化訴求密切相關，於是，本文就百步亭社區文化建設模式作了論述，思路如下：文章的第一部分：提出本文研究的緣起，並對一些與本文有關的概念作了界定，還介紹了幾種城市社區文化建設的一般模式；文章的第二部分：介紹百步亭花園社區文化建設模式的基本思想和內容，提出了「以人為本、以德為魂、以法為行，努力創造可持續發展的現代文明社區」的口號，並介紹了其獨具特色的家園文化；文章的第三部分：對百步亭社區文化建設模式的創新作了論述：百步亭社區為了營造以人為本的社區文化，構建社區安居樂業工程，為社會主義思想道德體系提供良好的社會文化環境，在社區管理體制上作了創新；還通過對百步亭社區居民的職業統計，來源群體，分析出其從屬的社會階層主要是社會的中間階層；再次，從社會學角度，定義了中間階層及一般特徵；最後從價值觀、認同感，消費觀念、文化需求等方面，分析了其文化訴求的特徵和與社區文化的協調發展；文章的第四部分：從整合功能和導向功能兩方面總結了百步亭社區文化建設的社會效應；並對百步亭社區文化建設模式的不足提出了意見和建議。
  8. Especially in the modern society, the external and internal environment of business has become more complicated. under this circumstance, some multinational companies such as enron and world com bankrupted because of problems in business operation and finance. and it is important to set up and perfect company management structure. therefore, it is significant to find some efficient measures to develop the function of internal auditing

    特別是在世界經濟趨向一體化、企業所面臨的內外環境日益復雜、安然、世界通訊等一大批跨國公司因經營問題、財務問題相繼破產、倒閉的當今社會，建立和完善公司的治理結構、建立、健全公司的現代企業制度的呼聲再次高漲，此時，認真審視和深入研究作為現代企業制度與公司治理結構重要組成部分的內部審計的功能發展軌跡，尋求充分發揮我國內部審計功能的合理對策，有著極其重要的現實意義與理論意義。
  9. Second, analyze the economic value of esos by comparing the esos and the employees " ownership, employees " participation in company ' s management. to reform the state - owned enterprises, china has carried out several kinds of so - called esos. but, decentralized employee stock holding in earlier times lacks effective regulation

    我國在國有企業的改造中，也實施了幾種所謂的「職工持股」制度，如定向募集公司中的內部職工股、社會募集公司職工股、股份合作企業的職工股、非上市公司中的內部職工持股等。
  10. The article has researched the intention of agricultural industrialization which is guided by market and mainstay enterprises, based on agricultural product base organized by a lot of families, and characterized by joint management and mutual benefit. it also realized production specialization, product commercialization, service socialization and etc. the article has also researched the existing conditions of agricultural industrialization both at home and abroad. although it is different in national conditions and actual practice, the developed countries follows the market economic law and naturally steps on the road of agricultural industrialization. as the continuous reforming and opening up, china actively explores and enhances the management level of agricultural industrialization. the writer uses system changing theory, scale management theory, trade expense theory. market system theory and industrial economics theory, to put forward the main type of mainstay enterprises, which is divided by ownership, organization form, contact form and product. the writer thinks that development of mainstay enterprises can promote effective joining between small production and big market, the developing of high - benefit agriculture, establishing trade / industry / agriculture operation system, region economics and joining process between urban area and rural area. the existing conditions in strengthening the mainstay enterprises in zhaoyuan embodies continuous expanding in scale. continuous widening in fields, continuous enhancing in benefits, continuous improving in techology and quality. by finding the problem and shortage in product quality, developing ability and scale strength, the article has put forward the following views : face to market and enhance quality and techological content of agricultural products ; enforce flexible policy and investments ; establish fair and reasonable benefits joining system. the article has also put forward the countermeasures and suggestions on enhancing the enterprises ' management level

    文章研究了農業產業化經營的內涵，明確其以市場為導向、以龍頭企業為依託、以一大批農戶組成的農產品生產基地為基礎，形成農工商有機結合、風險共擔、利益均沾的本質特點，表現出生產專業化、經營一體化、企業規模化、產品商品化、服務社會化等特徵。分析了國內外產業化經營的現狀，認為盡管各國的國情不同，具體的做法和叫法不盡相同，但是經濟發達國家都遵循市場經濟規律，很自然走上了農業產業化經營的道路，發展中國家紛紛仿效，中國也隨著改革開放不斷深入，積極探索發展提高農業產業化經營水平。作者運用制度變遷理論、規模經營理論、交易費用理論、市場機制理論和產業經濟學理論，提出了龍頭企業從所有制形式、從組織形式、從聯系方式及從產品上劃分的主要類型；認為發展龍頭企業有促進小生產與大市場的有效對接、推動優質高效農業縱深發展、建立貿工農一體化運行機制、振興區域經濟、加速城鄉一體化進程等作用；考察了招遠市壯大龍頭企業推進農業產業化的現狀，表現在規模不斷擴大、領域不斷拓寬、效益不斷提高、技術不斷改進、質量不斷提高等方面；找出了龍頭企業產品質量上、開發能力上、規模實力上和行業自律上的問題和差距，提出了要面向市場，努力提高農產品的質量和科技含量，多策並舉，搞活投入機制，建立公平合理的利益聯結機制，加強行業自律，提高企業經營管理水平等對策和建議。
  11. Second, cooperative economy is a type of mixed economy. third, in cooperative economy the relationship between its members is equal and mutual - help. forth, in cooperative economy its internal interest division is mainly in proportion to the members ’ transactions with the cooperative, instead of labor and capital contribution

    合作經濟是一種聯合所有制經濟，屬于混合經濟的一種，體現人與人之間平等、互助的關系，內部經濟分配關系不是按勞分配和按資分配，而是按成員與合作社的交易額分配。
  12. Nowdays, under the pressure of agricultural manufacture mostly depend on market, and the peasants requirements becomes excessive, to enhance the efficiency of the small farmer " economy in large market, decrease the risk and indeterminacy in market bargaining, there must have a organization to be the agency inter peasants and market, the organization must delegate benefit of the peasants straightly and in deed, so construct farmer cooperative organization is. very important we can know the facts through evaluate the performance of the peasants cooperative organization history : the knowledge about cooperative and follow which guidance have some relation in the development of peasants cooperative organization ; we should choose the gradually pattern for system flux, must consider the economic behavior expect in the main body of organization - the farms

    通過對農民合作組織的歷史績效評價可以看到：對合作的認識和遵循的指導思想與農民合作組織的發展關系很大；在制度變遷道路選擇上應考慮借鑒漸進式改革之路；必須考慮參加者主體?農戶的經濟行為預期及產權結構、組織壟斷、規模等因素的影響。農民合作組織發展的必然性源於農業生產的生物性、地域分散性和生產的隨意性，同時也決定農民合作經濟組織必須具有靈活性、多樣化、可過渡性和以社區為基礎的特殊要求。從制度經濟學分析，農民合作經濟組織在降低農民外部交易成本、實現公平和效率平衡、降低風險和不確定性等方面具有經濟上的合理性，所以有進一步規范和發展的必要。
  13. By applying the ethics research method to the two frequently encountered issues in hr management - dismissal of employees in breach of contract and constitution of new employee ' s physical checkup standard, this paper points out the ethics problems existed and their modes. citing the moral standards such as integrative social contracts theory, telelogical and deontological, this paper makes an ethics judgement and therefore draws out the two ethics relationships : one is the ethical relationship between the enterprise and the employees ( via establishing enterprise ethics, the ethical level of enterprise conducts and the employees " capability can be greatly enhanced and eventually translated into employees " enthusiasm for work, consequently the employees may bring their all potentialities into full play to achieve overall development of both the individuals and the enterprise. ) ; the other is the ethical relationship between the enterprise and society ( being one of the principal parts of social entities, the enterprise should serve and reward the society while pursueing the proprietor ' s profits, and sustain a relationship which is suitable for market and civilization societies " spirit and rules. )

    本文通過對人力資源管理中經常遇到的兩個問題? ?辭退違紀員工、制定新員工入職體檢標準，採用倫理學的研究方法，指出其中的倫理問題及其類型；運用綜合社會契約論、目的論、義務論等道德標準進行了倫理判斷，在此基礎上，引申出企業與雇員的倫理關系（即通過企業的倫理建設提高企業行為的倫理水平，以及全面提升員工素質，內化為員工的工作熱情，從而充分發揮員工潛能，實現個人的全面發展和企業的全面進步）和企業與社會的倫理關系（企業是社會存在主體之一，在追求所有者利益的同時，也應服務社會、回報社會，與社會保持適宜於市場社會、文明社會精神和準則的關系） ；同時，運用倫理決策過程模型分析了產生倫理問題的原因；最後，提出了一個分兩步走的倫理解決方案：第一步以守法為導向的企業倫理建設，這是倫理建設的底線；第二步是在此之上採取多種辦法構建倫理建設體系。
  14. By rethinking the traditional socialism and comparing the two different economic mechanisms in socialist and capitalist societies, he did away with the misconception in traditional socialist theory that regards plan and market as something relating to the basic system of a society ; by comparing the productive relationships and possession forms in socialist and capitalist societies, and by rethinking the " left " and egalitarian view on socialism, he knew clearly the essential difference between the two societies and thus outlined the characteristics and the foundamental priciples of socialism. this rethinking and comparison helped deng to realize what is not socialism, what is out of accord with socialism and what is to be adhered to in socialism

    通過把對傳統社會主義模式的反思與對現代化大生產的兩種社會制度經濟運行機制的比較結合起來，破除了傳統社會主義理論把計劃和市場看作是與基本制度相聯系的錯誤認識；通過把對現代化大生產兩種社會制度生產關系基礎和生產力發展成果歸誰所有的比較與對「左」的、 「平均」的社會主義空想論的反思結合起來，清楚地認識到兩種社會制度的本質區別，在此基礎上概括社會主義必須堅持的根本原則和社會主義所具有的特點。
  15. It also points that it ' s the working together of industry organization, kukou insti - - tutional arrangements, sustaining structure, insurance system that caused lms in china and its changing

    並且從產業政策、戶籍制度、所有制結構以及社會保障制度四個因素綜合作用的角度，分析了我國勞動力市場制度性分割及其變遷的導致原因。
  16. Shanghai baiyulan law firm was founded in shanghai in 1989. as one of the first approved cooperative law firms, baiyulan has rich experience in the profession and has won favorable social reputation

    白玉蘭律師事務所下稱白玉蘭成立於1989年，是上海第一批獲準設立的合作制律師事務所之一，有著豐富的法律服務經驗和良好的社會聲譽。
  17. On the basis of the elaboration of new institutional economic theories concerning property rights and change of system, this thesis makes systematic retrospection of the change process of china ' s farmland property rights system, investigates the contents and structural characteristics of farmland property rights system at different stages of this process, and the different social economic achievements resulting from different systems, giving the economic explanation of the evolutionary process of china ' s farmland property rights system. after analyzing the defects of current household responsibility system in view of property rights and the unfavorable economic effects emerging in its actual operating process, the author discusses the necessity and possibility of making innovations, and then puts forward the general idea of innovation on farmland shareholding cooperative system

    在闡述了新制度經濟學的有關產權理論和制度變遷理論的基礎上，對我國農地產權制度變遷過程進行了系統回顧，考察了在這一變遷過程中不同階段的農地產權制度的內容、結構特點以及各階段不同的農地產權制度所產生的不同的社會經濟績效，對我國農地產權制度的演進過程提出了經濟學意義上的解釋；在分析了現行家庭承包制的產權缺陷以及在其實際運行過程中所產生的不良經濟效果之後，論證了對其進行制度創新的必要性和可能性，進而提出了農地股份合作制制度創新的基本思路。
  18. Based on the domestic and international latest research, the author aims to construct a systematic frame in the research of china ' s rural new cooperative economic organization, which developed after the reform and openning. the research methods are the combination of standardized analysis with concrete analysis, and quantitative with qualitative

    本文的研究主體是：在吸收國內外最新研究成果的基礎上，結合我國農村經濟發展現狀，按照國際合作社原則、運用馬列主義合作制理論和有關經濟理論，對我國改革開放以來發展起來的農村新型合作經濟組織進行理論探討和規范設計，力求有所創新。
  19. In our country, with the establishment and improvement of our socialist market - oriented economic structure and further transformation of government functions, our non - government organizations ( ngos ) are faced with unprecedented development opportunities as well as tough challenges. it is a very important issue on how to define the roles of ngos in economic and social development so as to fully exercise its functions in current and coming period. nowadays, our society is in the transformation stage when original planned, comprehensive and single social management methods cannot meet the demands of times. and it is being replaced by a coordinated social management mode made up with the government the market and the society all - in one method

    隨著我國社會主義市場經濟體制的建立和完善，政府職能的進一步轉變，我國非政府組織面臨前所未有的發展機遇，同時也面臨艱巨的挑戰。如何在經濟、社會的發展中明確非政府組織的角色，充分發揮其職能作用是我國當前乃至今後一段時期面對的非常重要的問題。當前，我國社會正處于轉型期，原有計劃的、全能的、單一的社會治理方式已不適應時態的發展，取而代之的是政府、市場、社會三位一體相互協調、相互配合的社會管理模式。
  20. It first introduced all of the land property rights systems from the foundation of prc including individual land ownership and, primary cooperatives, senior cooperatives, people ' s commune land system, and the household contract responsibility system at present, and analyzed systematically the historical background of these land property

    本章主要介紹了建國以來我國土地產權制度的變遷及從個體土地所有制、初級合作社、高級合作社、人民公社土地制度、到目前的家庭聯產承包責任制為主的土地制度。集中分析了這些土地制度產生的歷史背景、產權關系和各制度下的優、缺點。
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