命數法 的英文怎麼說

Galileo strongly fought against the traditional ideas of the aristotle ' s theories, and he formed the thought of identity, continuance and dialectical materialism in course of his scientific research. he had written the book dialogue concerning the two chief world systems - ptolemaic and copernican to refute the theory that the earth was static, and push the copernicus " revolution forward by protecting and advocating the cosmic principle of copernicus ; he get many scientific theories by making a thorough study of motion, so provided the materials need of which newton was ; he applied the scientific method firstly in history of science which combined mathematical inference with experience and observation organically, and entrusted modern meaning to some old - time methods, so advanced the development of scientific knowledge greatly and began the history of modern physics

伽利略強烈反對亞里士多德式的傳統思維觀念，在長期深入的運動研究中發展了同一性和連續性思想，以及把物質性質劃分為兩類的機械唯物主義思想；他著書立說駁斥「地靜說」 ，捍衛和宣揚「地動日心」的宇宙結構，推動了「哥白尼革命」 ；他深入研究運動，獲得大量科學理論，為牛頓綜合提供了豐富的材料；他在科學史上首次使用數學演繹與觀察實驗有機結合的科學方法，並賦予一些古老研究方法以現代含義，大大推進了科學認識的發展，開創了現代物理學歷史。

First, the theory of fretting wear and studies on fretting fatigue were introduced and the parametric method was used in the process of creating the model of dovetail joints in ug software. the elastic contact problem is analyzed in finite element method ( fem ) and is used to the parameters " distribution and contact stress of the joint are obtained on the base of ansys code. with the effect factor of load frequency, the prediction method of fretting fatigue life of dovetail joint under low and high / low cycle complex load is proposed

本文介紹了微動損傷的機理和微動疲勞壽命的研究方法；利用ug軟體對燕尾榫聯接結構創建了參數化實體模型；基於ansys軟體平臺求解彈性接觸問題，獲得了榫聯接結構接觸應力及接觸狀態量的分佈；在已有微動疲勞壽命預測模型的基礎上，引入載荷頻率影響因子，對低周、高低周復合載荷作用下的燕尾榫聯接結構進行了微動疲勞壽命的預測，與試驗結果對比表明採用本文提出的方法預測榫聯接結構的微動疲勞壽命是有效的。

The embattled attorney general is leaving after months of the firing calls to resign over charges of misconduct

這位身陷困境的司法部長即將為其數月前發出開除命令的瀆職行為而離職。

A chief executive needed a high-powered chief of staff to control a vice president who had been given little to do, had a skeleton staff, and was in no position to "step into things.

一位總統居然需要一個大權在握的辦公廳主任來控制一個手下只有少數工作人員，受命無幾的、根本無法「插手」什麼事的副總統。

The law lords are to be pulled out into a separate supreme court, but the fate of the 26 church of england bishops who currently sit in the lords is not yet clear

貴族法官將會另組一個最高法院，但26位現任貴族的英國教堂主教的命運尚未有定數。

For rotor steel ( 30crlmolv steel ), the tests of low - cycle fatigue property are done under different temperatures. the fatigue life under different temperatures is researched to make up for the defects of the testing for foreign similar materials. when pull - stretch data is attempted to evaluate low - cycle fatigue data, the result shows that four - point associated method in middle - low life zone is done well under room temperature, but there are large errors of four - point associated method and general - slope method under other temperatures

在本文中，通過與國外同類材料的性能進行比較，國產材料與國外材料共有的材料特徵基本相同；對轉子鋼（ 30crlmolv鋼）進行了不同溫度下的低周疲勞性能實驗，研究其在不同溫度下疲勞壽命，以彌補國外對同類鋼材測試的不足；採用拉伸數據預測低周疲勞壽命時發現，室溫條件下用四點關聯法在中低壽命區預測較好，在高溫條件下四點關聯法和通用斜率法都有較大誤差，需要進行改進。

The nether, an ethereal dimension of chaotic magics that connected the myriad worlds of the universe, was home to an infinite number of malefic, demonic beings who sought only to destroy life and devour the energies of the living universe

扭曲虛空是充滿了混亂的魔法力量的虛無空間，它將宇宙中的各個世界連接了起來，無數殘暴邪惡的生物盤踞在這里，他們的腦中只想著要摧毀一切生命，吞噬宇宙的能量。

Based on consider hereinbefore, this dissertation discusses several aspects on the problem of the sustainable and optimum exploitation of groundwater resources as follows : ( 1 ) reviewed entirely the origin and evolvement of the concept " sustainable development ", stated and commented the study status in queue on " sustainable development " around national and international range, thorough discussed the science connotation about the concept " sustainable development " ; ( 2 ) looked back and commented across - the aboard some furthest basic concept and proposition related to groundwater resources, put forward self opinions on a few existent mistake points of view and chaos understandings ; ( 3 ) expatiated entirely on the content and meaning of the theory of changeable groundwater resources system, contrast with the traditional methods of groundwater resources calculation and evaluation, combined example to show the application of this theory ; ( 4 ) thorough analyzed the difficult and complexity to forecast the groundwater resources, fully stated the traditional methods of groundwater resources forecasting, pointed out the characteristic and applying condition of these forecasting method, introduced the main ideas and methods of wavelet analysis developed recently, and the matlab software be known as the fifths era computer language, and its accessory wavelet analysis toolbox, applied these methods and tools to analyze the groundwater dynamic curve, adopted the b - j method and morte - carlo method, combined with the theory of changeable groundwater resources system, discussed the new view on the forecast of groundwater resources ; ( 5 ) synthetically analyzed the characteristics and limitations of the present all kind of groundwater manage model, combined mathematical programming mathematical statistics random process and the theory of variation system of groundwater resources on the unite optimum attempter of surface water and groundwater, emphasized how to make the model more nicety, more simple, more practicality ; ( 6 ) analyzed the inside condition and outside condition to assure the sustainable and optimum exploi tation of groundwater resources, the inside conditions are the follows : correct resources idea, scientific methods of resources calculation and evaluation, credible forecast methods of resources, exercisable measures of resources management, the outside conditions are the follows : the development idea of high layer, the transform of manage system, the matched policy and rule of law, the adjusted of economy lever, the improve of cultural diathesis, the boosting up of water - saving consciousness and detail measures, the control of population rising, the prevention and cure of water pollute, the renew and rebuild of ecology ; ( 7 ) scan the sustainable and optimum exploitation of groundwater resources from the high level of metagalaxy, earth system science, and philosophy ; lint out the more directions on groundwater resources

基於以上考慮，論文主要從以下幾方面對地下水資源可持續開發問題進行了比較深入的探討：全面回顧了「可持續發展」概念的由來與演變，對國內外「可持續發展」的研究現狀進行了述評，並對「可持續發展」概念的科學內涵進行了深入探討；對涉及地下水資源的一些最基本的概念和命題進行了全面的回顧和評述，對目前仍然存在的一些錯誤觀點和混亂認識提出了自己的見解；全面闡述了地下水資源變值系統理論的內容和意義，並與傳統的地下水資源計算評價方法進行了對比分析，結合實例具體說明了方法的應用；深入分析了地下水資源預測預報工作的極端重要性和復雜性，對傳統的地下水資源動態預測方法進行了全面的評述，指出了各類預測預報方法的特點及適用條件，對最近二十多年剛發展起來的小波分析技術的主要思想和方法及其應用范圍，以及號稱第五代計算機語言的matlab軟體和附帶的小波分析工具箱進行了介紹，並應用於地下水動態過程線的分析，採用時間序列中的b ? j法，蒙特卡羅方法，與地下水資源變值系統理論相結合，探討了地下水動態資料分析和地下水資源預測預報的新思路；綜合分析了現今各類地下水管理模型的特點及缺陷，將數學規劃、數理統計、隨機過程等與地下水變值系統理論相結合進行地表水地下水或多水源的聯合優化調度，使模型更準確、更實用；對保證地下水資源可持續開發的內部條件和外部條件進行了分析，內部河海人學博卜學位論文前言、摘要、目錄條件主要是正確的資源觀，科學的資源計算與評價方法，可靠的資源預測預報技術，可操作的資源管理措施，外部條件主要是高層發展思路、管理體制的變革、配套的政策法規、經濟杠桿的調節、人文素質的提高、節水意識的增強及具體節水措施、人口增長的控制、水體污染的防治、生態的恢復和重建等;從宇宙科學、地球系統科學及哲學的高度審視地下水資源的可持續開發;指出了地下水資源可持續開發的進一步研究方向。

Moreover, base on lots of test data, fatigue life estimation is finished by help of miner, opposite miner rule and fracture mechanics theory. theoretic results and test data are well fit to each other

另外，本文在大量試驗數據的基礎上，依據miner法則、相對minar法則以及斷裂力學理論，對40cr高強螺栓的疲勞壽命估算進行了系統研究，理論分析結果與試驗值的規律性吻合較好。

In chapter3, we discuss the multiplicate progressive stresses accelerated life test. under the weibull distribution and an invers power law model we first present a necessary and sufficient condition for the existence and uniqueness of mle for the exponential distribution, then give estimators and confidence intervals of the parameters based on the blue. finally, we study them by using monte - carlo simulation

第三章首先指出了一組序進應力加速壽命試驗下weibull分佈分佈參數的mle不唯一，然後給出了p組序進應力加速壽命試驗下指數分佈的mle存在和唯一的一個充要條件，並用隨機模擬的方法研究比較了參數估計的優良性，最後給出了p組序進應力加速壽命試驗下weibull分佈中參數的點估計和區間估計，討論了有關問題，給出模擬實例。

Based on the aircraft structure fatigue theory, the article discussed the theoretical basis of methods that are usually used for aircraft structure fatigue crack - forming life estimation, i. e. the stress severity factor approach ( normal stress approach ), the local stress & strain approach, detail fatigue rating approach ( dfr ). also the processes of life estimation of these approaches are studied in the article

文章在簡要介紹飛機結構疲勞強度理論的基礎上，對目前飛機結構勞疲勞裂紋形成壽命估算常用的應力嚴重系數法（名義應力法） ，局部應力應變法，細節疲勞額定值dfr法的理論依據作了較詳細的論述，同時對這些估算方法進行壽命估算的過程與步驟也作了詳盡的闡述。

Second, carried out the fatigue life test of the truck ' s front axles adopted grouping fatigue life test method, calculated the results on theory of probability stats, linear fitted the fatigue life data by means of the basquin equation and least squares method, acquired the mathematical model of s - n and p - s - n curve of the front axles

其次，採用成組試驗法，對汽車前橋進行了疲勞壽命試驗，藉助概率統計方法對試驗結果進行了分析計算，得到了各試驗載荷下的疲勞壽命的正態分佈的均值和標準差，採用basquin關系式和最小二乘法對疲勞壽命數據進行線性擬合，得到了前橋的s - n和p - s - n的關系。

Purple star astrology is a traditional taoist chinese divination system

紫薇斗數是中國道家傳統的算命方法。

Then, probability prediction model of durable life is founded. through discussing the probability characteristics of influencing factors, the law of durable reliability is analyzed, and the prediction method is validated by the experimental data

建立了基於規定可靠指標的混凝土耐久壽命的隨機預測模型，通過探討影響因素的概率分佈，分析了耐久可靠性的發展規律，運用工程實際檢測數據對本文提出的耐久壽命方法進行了驗證。

A full mathematical model of optimal flow pattern design withengineering constraints was put forward, based on modern optimal control theory. an optimal flow pattern design was presented for optimizing meridional channel of axial flow turbine. according to integral optimization of turbine stages, a full physical model and mathematical expression were put forward for proposition of optimal flow pattern, including all performance parameters in turbine stages. this problem was further recast into a typical form control to maximize specific performance index such as work or efficiency of stage with given initial state, fixed terminal condition and constraints for part of state terminal variables. the program was also worked out according penalty function method and conjugate gradient method. the optimal distribution of c1ur1 ( r1 ) was obtained according to constraint conditions and maximized objective function

把近代最優控制論方法引入軸流透平葉片的設計，在優化的軸流透平子午通道內，建立包括透平級內所有性能參量的最優流型命題的完整的物理模型及其數學表達式，並歸化為一個在給定初始狀態、自變量終端固定、部分狀態變量終端受有約束的條件下，使級的某一性能指標（如級的功率）達到最優的最優控制問題，應用「代價函數法」及「共軛梯度法」編制計算程序，計算得到符合給定約束條件、並使目標函數取極值的最優環量分佈，結果是令人滿意的。

On the basis of collecting and processing many datum and materials. firstly. this paper analyzes main activities and cost constitutions of each stage of the life cycle of a fcs, and lay a foundation for later analysis and evaluation of system lcc. secondly, a basis method and usage range for estimating the system lcc are introduced. a multivariate linear regression model of pcs development cost and cost driven factor is built by use of the parametric method and supplies the base of cost estimation of newly - developed systems. thirdly, combine actual examples and make statistical analysis of lcc of a certain pcs developed by our institute, predict unhappened usage and service cost with grey prediction method, obtain proportion of each constitute to the lcc. forthly, according to actual conditions, use the fuzzy theory to overall evaluate efficacy of the fcs, fifthly, combimng our actual conditions, investigate specific measures of how to implement the life cycle cost management in our institute and put forward a new conception of developing web - based flight control system lcc management information system with pdm as the platform. at last, investigate important factors such as reliability and maintainability that may affect the life cycle cost of the fcs in detail, and put forward specific methods of lowering the life cycle cost of the fcs

論文在收集和整理大量資料的基礎上，首先深入分析了飛控系統壽命周期各階段的主要活動以及各階段的費用構成，為以後系統壽命周期費用的分析和評價奠定了基礎；其次，介紹了壽命周期費用估算的基本方法和使用范圍，並利用參數法建立了飛控系統研製費用與費用驅動因子的多元線性回歸模型，為新研系統的費用估算提供了依據；第三，結合實例對我所研製的某型飛控系統的壽命周期費用進行統計分析，運用灰色預測方法對未發生的使用及維修費用進行預測，得出了該系統的壽命周期費用以及各組成部分所佔比例；第四，根據實際情況，首次運用模糊理論對飛控系統的系統效能進行了綜合評價，構造了飛控系統系統效能模糊綜合評價模型；第五，結合我所實際，探討了如何在本單位實施加強壽命周期費用管理的具體措施，提出以pdm為平臺，開發基於web的飛控系統lcc管理信息系統的新構思；最後，對影響飛控系統壽命周期費用的重要因素如可靠性和維修性等進行了詳細地研究，提出了降低飛控系統壽命周期費用的具體方法。

The larson - miller method and the superheater wall temperature computation model brought forward by soviet criterion are adopted to calculate the life loss caused by creep. and a simplification formula is put forward to apply in the on - line life inspection system

本文採用拉森米勒參數法，結合前蘇聯1973年熱力計算標準中的過熱器壁溫計算模型，對前期蠕變壽命損耗進行了計算；並提出簡化方法，用於在線壽命監測系統中。

The abilities of resisting the incubation of fatigue crack in ast101a and alti101a were tested with the high - cycle fatigue method. a method combining the maximum likelihood estimation method with the correlation coefficient method was suggested to analyze the fatigue life experimental data some of which were incomplete. the s - n curve and p - s - n curves were presented, and the influence of the loading history and the defects in specimen on fatigue life was discussed

通過高周疲勞測試方法研究了ast101a和alti101a抵抗疲勞裂紋萌生的性能，把最大似然法和相關系數法結合起來處理不完全疲勞壽命數據，給出了ast101a的s ? n曲線、 p ? s ? n曲線和疲勞極限，討論了加載歷史、缺陷等對疲勞壽命的影響。

The lcc model is built. after analyzing the composition of the lcc, the model is created by using parameter method and engineering method. a new concept, cost per hour, is presented

通過對壽命周期費用組成的剖析，逐一分析了各組成的含義，採用小時費用的新概念，用參數法和工程估演算法建立了壽命周期各費用組成的計算模型。

By analyzing the conventional calculation method for strength of the pyramidal tube and testing the stress of some typical turning pyramidal tubes, the quantitative relation between the measured value and the calculated value is found, a comprehensive coefficient method is established ( named by the authors ), which is closer in practice to the calculation method for the strength of pyramidal tube

摘要通過對傳統的筒體強度計算方法的分析，並對幾個典型回轉錐筒筒體應力的測試，比較實測應力值與理論計算值之間的定量關系，提出綜合系數法（筆者命名） ，使回轉錐筒筒體強度計算更接近實際的計算方法。