坡面徑流 的英文怎麼說
中文拼音 [pōmiànjìngliú]
坡面徑流
英文
sheet flow-
On the formation mechanism, the rills were mainly formed by the concentrated action of the runoff on dyke slope, while the formation of socket mainly depended on surface runoff, subsurface flow and the existing defects within the dykes such as crack, mouse hole, fox and brocks dens
在成因上，前者主要是降雨形成超滲地面徑流的集中對戧坡的侵蝕作用而形成；後者主要與坡面徑流、壤中流，以及土堤的薄弱點（如裂縫、鼠洞、狐1一灌洞等）有關。When catchment area, average channel gradient and catchment shape factor of designed culvert or bridge are known, a user can be convenient to get local parameters c, e and b from standard contour charts and easy to calculate flood flow just by a calculator. design period of flood flow is enormously shortened as well as a high precision. estimated flood flow through culvert or small bridge by new calculation model is generally less than by traditional methods, so that much cost is cut down a s reducing the span of culvert or small bridge
以75000km ~ 2的川中丘陵地區為試點研究區，繪制了該地區新模型的參數等值線圖，率定了不同設計頻率的改正系數，使設計者只需在地形圖上獲取集水面積，河道平均坡降和流域形狀系數，在參數等值線圖上查得橋涵所在地的相應參數，使用計算器即可迅速計算出設計流量，大大縮短了設計周期，且精度較高，設計的洪水流量一般低於傳統方法，從而可減小橋涵跨徑，節省投資。It is reasonable to make use of the sloping fields path the flow, and suppress this kind of malignant situation, and realize the agriculture efficiently use the water and then become the region ' s ecosystem environment developments with the important mission that the agriculture produce to moderate to develop
隨著西部大開發和山區節水工程的實施，乾旱缺水與水土流失已成為影響寧夏南部山區經濟可持續發展的最大障礙。合理利用坡地徑流，遏制這種惡性局面，實現農業高效用水就成為該地區生態環境建設和農業生產協調發展的重要任務。Gully erosion, which is universal on original lands, but also the special forms, for example, hole erosion gravel erosion debris slide and debris flow, which is unusual in loess area, ( 2 ) based on a long - term fixed point experiments in proving ground of the south stackpile, the soil erosion factors have been researched quantitatively, the runoff and erosion affected factors have been made sure and the experiential models of producing water and soil have been taken in newly - constructed stage, early stage and later stage of reclamation
確定南排土場原地貌的水蝕模數為3700 4400t km ~ 2 ? a ；在排土場新造地貌上，擊濺、面蝕、細溝侵蝕、淺溝侵蝕、沉陷侵蝕、砂礫化面蝕、土砂瀉溜和坡面泥石流等水土流失形式出現頻率和發生程度都明顯強于原地貌。 （ 2 ）以南排土場徑流試驗場長期的定位觀測為基礎，對排土場未復墾時期、復墾初期、復墾後期的土壤水蝕影響因子進行定量研究，確定了徑流和土壤水蝕的主要影響因子及其臨界值，建立了產流產沙的經驗模型。Through examination of the recession limbs of the observed hydrographs, during periods with no rain and thus no surface runoff, one can determine the value of. for this catchment, a value of 0. 8 is obtained. the simulated subsurface runoff at each grid is routed to the outlets through a unit - hydrograph method for overland flow and the linear saint - venant equation for channel flow to get the discharge at xixian station
對所研究的流域而言，經過估算消退系數為0 . 8 .耦合著這兩種不同地下徑流機制的clm模型都可以計算出每個網格的地表地下徑流深，採用dag lohman 34 ， 35發展的匯流模型進行匯流由於是研究地下徑流，所以取每個網格的地表徑流為0 ，該模型採用單位線計算坡面匯流線性聖維南saint - venant equation進行河道匯流Proceeding with the analysis of water resource peculiarity of jilin province, the authors bring forward that effective gathering and using of rainwater can supplement the gross amount of rainwater in valley, probe into rainwater resources use in jilin province : first is to make rainwater resources use plan in valley program, secondly is to construct gully dam system according to water and soil conservation project, to strengthen sloping field collection rain ' s project and forest - grass construction, to increase storage space, thirdly is to fully utilize field project and water conservancy project to gather rain water, intercept rainfall on the spot so as to restore water environment
摘要從吉林省水資源特點分析入手，提出了雨水資源的有效集蓄利用是補充流域水資源總量不足的重要因素，探討了在吉林省雨水資源主要利用途徑是首先在小流域規劃中作好雨水資源利用規劃；其次是建設以水土保持治溝骨幹工程為主的溝道壩系，強化坡面集雨工程和林草植被建設，增大貯水空間；第三是充分利用田間工程和水利工程集雨蓄水，使降雨就地就近被攔蓄，最終使水環境得以修復。The results show that ( 1 ) the system of contour dams, contours and fallow had positive impact on water and soil losses than grass stripes and contour ditch. at the same time it was showed that contour dams, contours, fallow significantly reduced soil erosion and water loss, grass stripe and contour ditch had recorded reduction in water and soil losses although to a much less extent than above 3 farming systems. most of sediment was bed load in all the systems except in contour dams and contour fanning
研究的主要結論如下： 1 、運用坡面徑流小區法系統地研究了當地農業生產活動中不同農作措施下紅壤坡耕地水土流失特徵、土壤養分流失規律及形態特徵，結果表明： （ 1 ）同順坡農作措施相比：其它農作措施均具有明顯減輕水土流失的作用，等高土埂，等高農作、休閑處理控制水土流失的效果優於水平草帶和水平溝處理。The gullies are formed by the processes of infiltration - interflow - collapses. ( 2 ) in the slope with sand - loess, the major factors of water erosion are the rainfall intensity and rainfall amount of annual first rainfall. ( 3 ) in the region, the evolution processes of slope gully system results from alternative actions of sand deposition and water erosion
（ 1 ）有片沙覆蓋的斜坡小區，徑流量少，但徑流含沙率大，坡溝的形成過程是：垂直滲流坡地潛流崩塌； （ 2 ）在沙黃土斜坡小區，每年春末夏初降雨的強度及降雨量是決定坡面產沙量的關鍵因素； （ 3 ）該區坡溝系統的形成發育是風沙沉積、風蝕與水蝕交替作用的結果。It analyzes the hydrologic effect from the aspects of rainfall interception of plants, splash erosion reduction and surface runoff control, analyzes the mechanical effect from the aspects of tensile strength of single root of plant, root - soil interaction, root - soil composite and slope stability and finally approaches to the future development orientation of slope protection by vegetation
從植物的截留降水、削弱濺蝕和抑制地表徑流等方面分析了植被護坡的水文效應，並從植物單根抗拉強度、根土相互作用、根土復合體及邊坡穩定分析等方面分析了植物護坡的力學效應，最後探討了植被護坡的發展方向。The simulative calculation results show that all the three measures mentioned herein have larger effects on the infiltration, runoff, flood peak flow and overland flow and can greatly alleviate the pressure of the draining pipeline, clip the flood peak and increase the infiltration as well, if they are taken as the additional important measures of urban drainage for flood control
模擬計算的結果顯示，以上3種方式對入滲、徑流、洪峰流量、坡面流等均有較大影響，作為城市防洪排水的重要輔助措施，可以極大地緩解排水管道壓力，同時削減洪峰、增加入滲。Based on abundant rainfall in minjiang river basin and frequent floods have brought great losses on agriculture production, national economy etc, the relationship between soil and water losses and rainfall characteristics was studied in four forest lands, viz
本文針對閩江流域上游降雨豐富的特點，運用坡面徑流小區法研究了杉木林、封山育林、錐栗林、果園和裸露地（對照）的水土流失與天然降雨的關系。The results show that the precision of the model is well, but the influence to the precision of the model in the prediction of field runoff can ' t be ignored
分析結果表明，該模型應用於小面積徑流計算時精度很高，但在進行野外坡面徑流量的預測時，不能忽略控制面積的大幅擴大對模型預測精度的影響。Through the dome runoff sediment deposition trial in three experiment stations including ningcheng, helin, dongsheng in inner mongolia, using the way of data analyzing, whether the relationship of representative influencing factor of soil erosion and the amount of soil erosion of sloping farm land in loess hilly in inner mongolia during once rainfall is exist and how much is the degree of correlation
摘要通過對內蒙古寧城、和林、東勝三個試驗站進行坡面徑流泥沙試驗，採用數據分析法，研究內蒙古黃土丘陵區坡耕地在一次降雨中各典型影響因子與土壤侵蝕量之間是否存在相關關系及相關程度問題。Soil erosion and nutrient losses in jiangjiatang watershed in lanxi city in zhejiang province during exploitation was studied from 1993 - 2000 using adoptive research methods such as runoff plot, catchment area, and rare earth element tracer ( eu ), and the soil fertility index appraisal. the major conclusions are as follow : 1. the principle of water and soil losses together with nutrients and the forms in which they were lost were studied under different fanning systems in runoff plot
本研究選擇浙江省中部金衢盆地邊緣蘭溪市水土保持監督站蔣家塘小流域為研究試驗點，以協作單位蘭溪市水土保持監督站小流域開發試驗區為基礎，採用坡面徑流小區法、單源匯水試驗區出口實測法、穩定性核素- eu土芯示蹤法研究了2000年坡耕地不同農作措施水土流失規律及養分流失規律和小流域綜合開發過程中水土流失規律及養分流失規律，並對小流域侵蝕土壤的肥力現狀進行評價。( 4 ) wavy distribution of soil water along hillslope resulted from the fluctuation of runoff, upslope runoff infiltration, lateral downslope flow, and the difference of infiltration rate and evapotranspiration
（ 4 ）土壤水分沿坡面呈「波浪形」分佈是坡面徑流的波動性、上方來水（徑流）的沿程入滲、側向沿坡向下流以及坡面各處入滲性能和蒸發蒸騰作用的差異等綜合作用的結果。Research in the translocation and transformation of phosphorus in soil - water system is of importance to environmental p management and controlling the eutrophication. a series of experiments and investigations in this paper were conducted to study the changes of p pool by a long - term applying fertilizer p, the translocation and transformation of phosphorus between interface of soil and water in relation to their environmental effects, using the upland fields from yellow soil area of guizhou province
在貴州中部地區，通過對有代表性的黃壤旱地進行采樣分析和盆栽試驗，對其磷庫變化及其環境影響進行了研究，同時採用無界徑流小區試驗、野外坡面徑流小區試驗以及模擬降雨徑流試驗對坡旱地地表徑流中磷的含量水平、形態特徵、生物有效性、遷移規律、磷流失量及其影響因素進行了研究。The characteristic of top soil will changed by splash erosion and surface erosion, accordingly to alert the route of runoff and seepage and work to unconsistenty of soil erosion
棄土場坡面地表土壤特性隨著降雨擊濺和徑流沖刷的作用而發生變化，從而影響區域內徑流和滲流途經，造成坡面產流的不一致性。Lesson engineering measure for research mainly from the sloping fields flow recycling potential analysis with gathering the water technique the both side collecting the region ' s rain - storm flood the data, year declining the water year the flow the data and water and soil conservation data, analysis combine intoing the small river valley flood the path comparing coefficient, water and soil conservation not flow coefficient, revising the new concept of deep etc. flow of year path, establishing synthesizing solving the sloping fields flow recycling the potential computing the model, bring upping gathering the water technique is with the
課題研究主要從坡地徑流資源化潛力分析和集水技術兩方面入手，以典型區域為代表，收集了該地區暴雨洪水資料、年降水年徑流資料及水土保持資料，分析並引入了小流域洪徑比系數、水土保持不產流系數、修正年徑流深等新概念，建立了綜合解決坡地徑流資源化潛力計算模型，提出了集水技術的工程措施和方法。The slope runoff fem analysis program is developed based on the saint - venant equations. the numerical solutions are compared with the analytical solutions and the experiment data and the characteristic line method solutions, the result validate of the program
編制了基於saint - venant控制方程的坡面徑流的有限元分析程序，利用解析解和試驗數據證明了程序的正確性。Study on runoff calculation method in beijing mountainous
北京地區坡面徑流計算模型的比較研究分享友人