壟上行 的英文怎麼說

中文拼音 [lǒngshàngháng]
壟上行 英文
walk in the field
  • 壟 : 名詞1. （耕地上培成的土埂） ridge 2. （田地分界的稍稍高起的小路） raised path between fields3. （像壟的東西） ridge-like things
  • 上 : 上名詞[語言學] （指上聲） falling-rising tone
  • 行 : 行Ⅰ名詞1 （行列） line; row 2 （排行） seniority among brothers and sisters:你行幾? 我行三。where...
  1. In reference to the practical changes in the deregulated markets of the advanced countries in the area of europe, america and asia and the countermeasures of the countries, combing with the problems encountered in the marketing and sales practice of the panzhihua brach of sinopec, the paper applies the swot analysis method, rationally analyzes the outside environment and inside conditions. according to the characterizes of gasoline resources, and the market situation after it transformed from the monopolistic style of planning economy to the monopolistic competition style, the paper also analyze the strengths and weakness of the industry brought by the forthcoming event of the permission of the wholesales market of gasoline. based on the above analysis, the paper posits the marketing strategic objectives and measures as follows : ensuring the management of suppliers, adding the retail and direct sales network, improving operating qualities, making the customer relationship management and realizing the multi - benefits of company and customers

    本文在營銷理論的基礎上，通過親身經歷，調查了解，深入研究了成品油在國際、國內市場中過去、現在的市場狀況和發展歷程，參考國際上歐美及亞洲發達國家先期放開成品油管制後市場的實際變化和應對措施，以及結合中石化攀枝花公司營銷工作中存在的問題，理性分析營銷外部環境和內部條件，運用swot分析法，根據成品油能源特點，就成品油市場從計劃經濟的壟斷形式轉向目前國際國內市場競爭的壟斷性競爭的形式后，對成品油批發市場即將準入后的優劣、利弊進行了分析和研究，提出了「作好供應商管理，增加零售和直銷網路、提高經營質量，充分做好客戶關系管理，實現公司和客戶共同成長」的營銷戰略目標和戰略措施。
  2. In the course of working, ， the plow will make use of the shuttling method so that it can dig alternately either on the left or on the right. compared to the unilateral plow, it can improve the productivity because it can help leave off the soil 、 take from the consumed energy and reduce the empty journey. to meet the requests above, we will use a remote cylinder with both a small cubage and double functions, approximately designing the plow to be columniform and symmetric. after the experiment for a period in the field, we found that the most frayed areas had happened at the places of both plow shank and share and at the same time the base of the remote cylinder had ruptured suddenly

    與單向犁相比，其優點在於：耕地無開、閉壟，地表平整，降低了耕后整地的能量消耗，減少了地頭的空行程，因而大大提高班次生產率。為了滿足犁體梭式作業的要求，我們採用了一隻小容積雙作用的液壓油缸；同時對犁壁曲面的形狀採用了近似圓柱形的對稱設計。但經過一段時間的田間試驗，我們發現：該犁犁胸部分的犁脛和犁鏵上的犁尖在工作中磨損較為嚴重；主犁梁和油缸缸體的連接部分（即油缸底座）突然發生了斷裂，造成整個犁體無法正常工作。
  3. There are some outer and inner reasons, such as monopoly system, latent guarantee from state credit, long period of governmental intervention, imperfection of law, arrangement on the property right of state - owned banks, management system, and personnel system etc., which lead to the phenomenon, that is, stability of surface, imperfection of internality

    銀行業壟斷體制、國家信用的隱性擔保、政府長期干預、法律的不完備等外在體制上的原因和國有銀行產權安排、經營體制、人事制度等內生性因素共同導致了國有銀行信用外觀堅實、內在缺失的現狀。
  4. The illegal monopoly is becoming more and more conspicuous in domestic economy. in terms of the inveteracy of monopoly of all walks of life, continuity of administrative monopoly and tendency of economic monopoly. one main reason that the illegal monopoly ca n ' t be prohibited effectively in practice is that the relevant provisions on legal liability from the perspective of chinese legislation are with curious lacunae of astounding ignorance

    長期對此遏制不力的一個重要原因是非法壟斷法律責任制度存在漏洞。據此，反壟斷法律制度能否有效地得到貫徹實施，國家能否有力地保護競爭和抑制壟斷，在很大程度上取決于能否建立一套行之有效的法律責任制度，否則反壟斷法律制度將成為一紙空文。
  5. Government ' s monopoly of capital market also leaded to the " shell " value of listed company which is irrelative to the company ' s invest value, which made the higher general price in the market. in addition to, the structure of investors which is consisting of many individual investors and few institution investors lets it easy to manipulate the stock market for the institution investors. according to the origins of the systematic risk, it is necessary to improve the market mechanism and market efficiency to eliminate the system root of the risk to decrease the risks

    突出地表現在：資本市場服務于國企轉制，造成上市公司股權結構存在缺陷，致使公司治理失效，上市公司缺乏持續發展的能力，公司經營風險轉化為市場的系統性風險；政府對資本市場準入的行政性壟斷，形成上市公司「殼」價值，虛高股票市場價格，引發系統性風險；金融市場分割，特別是貨幣市場資金缺乏進入資本市場的正常渠道，利率市場化水平低，影響金融資產定價，導致違規融資盛行，加大了市場風險；而由於市場監管不到位，以散戶為主的投資主體結構，則易導致機構大戶利用內幕信息操縱股價，機構投資者的發展不僅沒有成為穩定市場的力量，反而成為操縱市場的主力，加劇了市場波動。
  6. In the regulation of the international restrictive practices and monopoly, the traditional domestic antitrust law is encountered with some new problems. it cannot function as an effective mechanism at neither jurisprudent nor practical aspects

    面對國際化的壟斷和限制競爭行為，傳統的內國競爭法遇到了新的問題，無論是從法理上還是從實踐上來說，都不能有效規范國際限制競爭行為。
  7. Next analyzed were the characteristics of natural gas pipeline transmission ; cost, ratemaking principle, method of acquiring the pipeline transmission fee, constitution, calculate, management and control after that, wt ; compared service cost methods with economic evaluation methods and the one - part pricing method with the two - part pricing method. later on was introduced the regulate coefficient of pipeline transmission fee structure, established the modificatory two - part pricing method, and found out a natural gas pipeline transmission pricing method that is fit for china ' s current situation. finally, we validated the rationality and applicability of this metho j by the demonstrational analysis on the natural gas pipeline transmission price of " the gas transmission from west to east " pipeline this paper ' s research fundamental is : the fundamental of natural gas pipeline transmission pricing should reflect the characteristics of natural gas pipeline transmission

    本文首先論述了自然壟斷行業的價格理論，然後分析了天然氣管輸的特點、定價原則及管輸費的收取方式、成本、構成、計算及其管理與調控；在此基礎上比較了中外天然氣管輸定價的服務成本法與經濟評價法，一部制定價法與兩部制定價法等；針對目前我國天然氣管道運價的制定現狀，本文深入研究了國際通用的天然氣管輸定價方法，引入「管輸費結構調整系數」的指標，建立修正的兩部制定價方法，找出了一套適合於我國當前國情的恰當的天然氣管輸定價方法，並通過「西氣東輸」管線加以實證分析，驗證了方法的合理性和適用性。
  8. The administrative monopoly has a long history hi china and has a deep cause of politics, economic and society. it is a public nuisance to socialism market economy nowadays. the competition policy plays a fundamental role in w. t. o

    行政壟斷在我國由來已久，其產生有著深刻的政治、經濟和社會原因，從計劃經濟向市場經濟轉軌以後，它已成為我國社會主義市場經濟的一大公害，不僅造成國內市場主體在具體權利義務上的不對等性，也造成國內、外市場主體地位的不平等，導致市場扭曲，破壞了公平競爭的市場機制。
  9. The text is analyzing present state of electricity vocation, dissecting rootstock and manifestation of monopoly of electricity vocation, and finding cause of electricity vocation superprofit producing from analysed costs and profit and income rate

    本文從分析電力行業現狀著手，剖析電力行業壟斷的根源、表現形式，並從成本、利潤、收益率上分析電力行業超額利潤產生的原因。
  10. As sole authorised agent, this company had the monopoly of all technical approval procedures in respect of all motor cars produced in belgium by the general motors group used on the public highway whether new or previously registered abroad for less than six months

    作為唯一的代理人，該公司具有對所有產自比利時的由通用汽車集團所生產的轎車的全部技術批準程序的壟斷權，只要是行駛上路的則無論是新生產的還是在國外注冊少於6個月的汽車都由該公司壟斷。
  11. Those two firms, as well as bear stearns, j. p. morgan and morgan stanley, made undisclosed payments for research in violation of nyse rules 476, 401 and 472 and nasd rules 2210 and 2110 and state statutes ; and

    其主要原因是：首先，民用干線飛機製造業是全球性寡佔壟斷行業，雖然波音公司在美國國內市場保持壟斷，但在全球市場上受到來自歐洲空中客車公司的越來越強勁的挑戰。
  12. The results indicated : ( 1 ) during the jointing stage of winter wheat, the differences of catalase activity among different measures of soil water utilization are significant in shallow soil, in which the catalase activity of furrow planting with straw mulch is the highest and that of row - spacing - reduced and close planting is the lowest ; ( 2 ) the trends of catalase activity versus depth are almost the same for different treatments, looking like an inverse s ; ( 3 ) for furrow growing without mulch, the activity of soil catalase in the furrow is higher than that in the ridge ; ( 4 ) soil catalase activity reflects some effects from different techniques of soil water utilization and may be used as a indicator for micro - eco - environment in the fields

    初步分析得出： （ 1 ）冬小麥拔節期，採用不同土壤水利用技術的冬小麥田淺層土壤過氧化氫酶活性差異明顯，以溝播不蓋秸稈處理的過氧化氫酶活性最強，縮行密植處理的最弱； （ 2 ）土壤過氧化氫酶活性隨深度的變化趨勢大體一致，呈反s形； （ 3 ）溝播不蓋秸稈處理溝中土壤過氧化氫酶活性明顯高於壟上； （ 4 ）土壤過氧化氫酶對於田間微生態環境具有指示作用，在一定程度上反映了土壤水利用技術對微生態環境的影響。
  13. Secondly, the author explains the contradiction of depreciated cost and risen price and regards rise in freight during luner new year ' s penod as coercion or exploitation of the other parry ' s unfavorable position. thirdly, the author analyses some problems of the model of formulating price

    其次，筆者對邊際成二下降與售價上漲的矛盾進行解析，指出春運期間提高票價實際是乘人之乞再次，筆者在借鑒國外有關定價原則和我國具體實踐的基礎上，對壟:二行業商品的定價模型中的問題進行闡達。
  14. The third part gives relevant legislation suggestions and strategies in three aspects in the light of the shortages of demurring patent tort. these suggestions and strategies are : 1 ) constitute law of anti - monopolization imitating countries that have advanced legislation of intellectual property rights to prevent patentee from abusing his rights ; 2 ) smooth the way of administrative law execution of patent and delimit properly the bounds between administrative law execution and judicial review ; 3 ) strengthen imitational communication and academic discussion in demurring patent tort and increase the strength of being in line with the world

    第三大部分是針對目前我國在專利侵權抗辯問題上存在的不足之處提出了三個方面的立法建議及對策，一是效仿知識產權立法先進國家制定一部反壟斷法，防止專利權人對其權利濫用；二是理順專利行政執法途徑，正確界定專利行政執法與司法審查之間的界限；三是加強專利侵權抗辯方面的國際交流與理論探討，加大與國際接軌的力度，充分利用國際條約，最大限度地保護我國的國家利益。
  15. On the background of globalization of economy, the action of restricting competition is rising increasingly in the world, which severely obstruct liberalization of trade and investment while world trade liberalization pace speed up. in view of authoritative competition regulation which regulate enterprises ’ internationally restricting competition action have not set up yet, most countries adopt the extraterritorial application of anti - monopoly law to prevent international monopoly effectively, with a purpose to protect the domestic market to develop healthily and orderly. by exploring the fundamental problems in extraterritorial application of anti - monopoly law and theoretical and practical experience of all countries in the world, the thesis further discusses the mode of our country in the field

    本文分四部分對反壟斷法的域外適用問題進行說明:文章首先從反壟斷法域外適用的基本問題入手，介紹反壟斷法域外適用問題的產生及其必然性，簡要描述國際法協會紐約年會上所確認的三種反壟斷法域外適用理論依據的涵義、內容及彼此之間的區別;其次對美國、歐盟在反壟斷法域外適用方面的實踐進行優缺評析，指出設置反壟斷法的域外適用條款已經成為世界反壟斷立法的普遍趨勢;然後論述反壟斷法域外適用過程中產生的沖突及對沖突進行協調的方法;最後對我國反壟斷法域外適用應採用的模式進行探討，說明我國設立反壟斷法域外適用制度的必然性和總體思路，明確我國反壟斷法域外適用制度應包括的內容以及保障域外適用制度順利實施所應建立的配套機構。
  16. Based on a general overview of firm performance assessment theories, this study makes a comparison between traditional performance measures and strategy - oriented performance measures, analyzes the existing performance measurement system of the national aviation oil companies. the thesis has a literature review of the balanced scorecard researches and applications, expounds the advantages of the balanced scorecard over traditional measurement systems in revealing the intension of firm performance, analyzing the critical factors behind firm performance and providing information support for firm strategy, documents the relationship between the balanced scorecard and firm strategy, and puts forward the idea of strategic performance. by using the data and background information from one of those national monopoly oil companies, this study a ppraises the limits of this sort of companies " performance measurement system, applies balanced scorecard method to this kind of national monopoly oil company, designs questionnaires to collect experts " opinions, colligates the opinions, selects kpis, builds experimentally the first strategy performance assessment indicator system in this kind of company, determines the indicators " parameters, uses the real corresponding data to measure the 6 business lines of this company, through comparing the assessment result with the strategic standard, a conclusion is drawn and suggestions are put forward about how to exploit the performance potential under present conditions

    在對績效測評理論進行回顧的基礎上，本文研究了傳統測評指標體系與戰略導向的測評指標體系的區別，總結了中國航空油品經營企業的績效測評現狀，對平衡計分卡理論研究和應用進行了綜述，分析了平衡計分卡在揭示績效內涵和影響績效的因素、發揮績效測評的信息作用等方面的優勢，論述了平衡計分卡與企業戰略的關系，提出了戰略績效的概念，並結合某壟斷性油品經營國有企業的實際，評述了此類企業傳統績效測評指標的局限性，借鑒平衡計分卡思路，通過設計調查問卷、收集專家意見並加以綜合分析等工作，選取關鍵績效指標，探索性地建立了中國壟斷性航油經營國企的首個企業戰略績效測評指標體系，並確定了指標有關參數，對應指標的統計口徑採用經調查獲得的測評所需數據，對該企業6個業務板塊的績效進行測評，通過對比分析得出在現有條件下如何挖掘潛力的結論和建議。
  17. In late 19th century after mass concentration of production and accumulation of the capital, a group of monopoly enterprises with powerful control to the market emerged in the industrial country, such as britain and unite states. the activities of these enterprises had drought much attention from the scholars. based on the studying of those activities, the theory of modern anti - monopoly was fundamentally formed

    19世紀後期，英、美等工業化國家出現通過大規模生產集中（資本積聚）等原始積累方式建立起來的壟斷企業，市場壟斷的危害性開始受到廣泛的重視，在對壟斷現象進行深入研究的基礎上，現代反壟斷理論得到了進一步的發展。
  18. Although telecommunication has always been seen as the nature monopoly industry operating by government, such monopolistic industry structure great limit its development when it evolve and expand larger and larger

    電信行業一直被作為自然壟斷行業，由政府或政府委託的公司壟斷經營。但隨著電信的逐步發展和壯大，壟斷的產業組織結構又在很大程度上制約了電信業的發展。
  19. The previous views are studied by the author in four following aspects : firstly, the proposal of monopolistic problem and the form of expression monopolistic behavior in intellectual property area. beginning with the basic theory and concept of monopoly, and monopolistic and anti - monopolistic problem in intellectual property raised from microsoft monopoly case

    中文摘要本文主要從4個方面對上述觀點進行了考察研究:第一部分知識產權領域壟斷問題的提出及其壟斷行為的表現形式:從壟斷的基本理論與基本概念出發，由微軟壟斷案提出知識產權領域的壟斷與反壟斷問題。
  20. Through examining some typical antimonopoly policies, the paper points that in essence, economic monopoly is accordant with competition, and antimonopoly policy toward economic monopoly is as always affixed with some political and sociological reasons and any pure anti - monopolistic regulation toward economic monopoly does not exist or is inadequate with reasons

    對反壟斷政策的研究表明，經濟壟斷行為與競爭行為本質上是一致的，反壟斷政策對經濟壟斷的限制從來都附加了政治和社會理由，純粹地針對經濟壟斷的反壟斷管制是不存在的或理由不充足的。
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