巖石變異 的英文怎麼說

中文拼音 [yándànbiànyì]
巖石變異 英文
alternation of rocks
  • 巖 : 名詞1. （巖石） rock 2. （巖峰） cliff; crag
  • 石 : 石量詞（容量單位, 十斗為一石） dan, a unit of dry measure for grain （= l00 sheng）
  • 異 : 形容詞1 （有分別; 不相同） different 2 （奇異; 特別） strange; unusual; extraordinary 3 （另外的;...
  1. The origin and evolution of land plants was an important event in the history of earth life and has affected all other lives on the earth and global environment. during the past two decade, the new discoveries of fossil plants microfossils and megafossils from the mid - ordovician through all silurian to the lower devonian improved knowledge of the origin of land plants, provided a time framework of the basal groups for the land plants and the early evolution diversity of vascular plants. three new plant based epochs have been recognized. on the other hand, molecular sequence studies have provided insights into the phylogeny and early branches of land plants. a phylogenetic tree has been established by the joint of a study of comparative morphology and gene sequences. this paper summarizes recent advances and new knowledges, comments on the phylogenetic studies based on the cladistic analysis

    陸生植物的起源和演化是地球生命中的重大事件，它影響到地球上所有的其他生命和全球環境。在過去的20年中，從中奧陶世歷經整個志留紀至早泥盆世的巖層中，化石植物微化石和大化石的新發現改變了人們對陸生植物起源的認識，並且為陸生植物和維管植物早期演化分異提供了基部類群分化的時間框架。據此人們識別出地史中的3個陸生植物的時代：始胚植物時代始維管植物時代和真維管植物時代。
  2. The assemblage of garnet - diopside in the silicate alteration rocks is different from that in the skarn of traditional idea

    硅酸鹽蝕變巖中的「石榴子石透輝石」組合與傳統理解的「夕卡巖」內的相同組合名同實異。
  3. And apatite. by these analyses and comparison with general granite both in china and the world and with the granite in other au or cu belt in china, the characteristics of the granite in this area are concluded as follows. it belongs to magnetite - i or syntectic granite and has crust - mantle mixed characteristics ; it was formed mainly by crystallization differentiation of melting magma and multiphase varied intrusion ; the degree of differentiation evolvement is not high ; the granite and its enclaves p. re congenetic ; the range of temperature is about 500 - 700, the range of pressure is about 2. 50 gpa - 4. 35 gpa, and the range of oxygen fugacity ( lg fo2 ) is - 15. 53 - - 14. 00 ; most granite bodies formed before the collision of plates, and few formed after the collision of plates

    通過對測試數據的分析與綜合研究，並同中國和世界一般花崗巖類以及中國主要金、銅成礦巖體的花崗巖類進行對比，得出本區花崗巖類巖石具有以下特徵：屬磁鐵礦-型或同熔型花崗巖，其巖漿物質具殼幔混源特徵：主要由熔融態巖漿經結晶分異作用，通過多期變速上侵而形成；其分異演化程度較低；寄主巖基和包體具有同源性；巖石的形成溫度范圍約為500 - 700 ，壓力大約為2 . 50gpa - 4 . 35gpa ，氧逸度值1gfo _ 2為- 15 . 53 ? 14 . 00 ；該巖帶主要形成於板塊碰撞前消減的活動板塊邊緣期，為燕山至喜馬拉雅早期的大陸邊緣火山弧環境的產物。
  4. There are two stages to crux maifan stone ' s formation, the first stage is the forming stage of primary material, that is to say, the stage of mother rock formation, in this stage, the latter hypabyssal intrusive of crystallization fractionation and self - metamorphic process are an important factor to make sure them have many trace elements

    麥飯石的形成中有兩個階段是十分關鍵的，第一個階段是基本物質的形成階段，即母巖的形成階段。在這一階段中巖漿分異結晶晚期的淺成侵入以及自變質作用，是保證其富含營養微量元素的重要條件。
  5. Aiming at five kinds of targets from geneva lake which are rock, sand, pebble, grit and sullage, the features we extracted based on the cwt time - frequency matrix are singular values, some parameters of histogram and invariant moment

    針對萊蒙湖底的巖石、沙、卵石、砂礫、淤泥等五類目標，文中所提取的特徵主要有時頻矩陣的奇異值、直方圖的有關參數以及不變矩等三類特徵。
  6. The identification rate of the former could be above 90 %, whereas the later is below 80 %. for three kinds of targets involving sand, grit and sullage, the feature of singular values excels that of invariant moment, the identification of the former could be to 92 %, whereas the later is 84 %. analyzing the features this dissertation extracts, we can find that the features of rock and sullage are more similar, so do pebble and grit, and the features of sand are obviously distinguished

    分類結果發現，對于以上五類目標，利用直方圖有關參數作為分類特徵比奇異值特徵有效，前者效果可達90以上，而後者低於80 ；對于沙、砂礫、淤泥三類目標而言，奇異值特徵比不變矩特徵更為有效，前者效果可達92以上，而後者為84 ；從本文中抽取的特徵如直方圖的參數以及奇異值來看，巖石與淤泥的特徵比較接近，而卵石與砂礫的特徵比較接近，沙的特徵則與其他四類有明顯區別。
  7. Forming a bridge between the two continents of the new world, darien national park contains an exceptional variety of habitats sandy beaches, rocky coasts, mangroves, swamps, and lowland and upland tropical forests containing remarkable wildlife

    彷彿在新世界的兩個陸地間形成一座橋，達連國家公園展現了一種變化多姿的景緻沙灘，巖石海岸，紅樹，沼澤和窪地以及地面的熱帶叢林，其間生長著奇異的野生植物。
  8. As is known that the water in the rock contains a mount of salt, and the kind and content in turn make the water freezing temperature variable. on the ot her hand, rock material will shrink when frozen, and expand when warmed

    主要是由於巖石中的水融有一定量的鹽類物質，鹽類物質的存在及其含量的差異使的水分的冰點具有一定的可變性，而巖石材料本身具有熱脹冷縮的性質。
  9. Visit phang nga bay by cruise. the beautiful limestone scenery will not only catch your eyes, but also your heart and mind

    沿著河道，風景秀麗，石灰巖的奇峰異石林立，石荀和石鐘乳，形態千變萬化。
  10. In this paper, by explored geo - physico - chemical prospecting method for looking for oil in prior prospect, the authors summarize a suit of prospective technique and program, which is valid to oil - geology trait of zhidan area and composed of ; oil gas geo - chemical prospect ( acid degradation of hydrocarbon, absorbed - fluorescent spectrum, ultraviolet radiation spectrum, methane carbon - isotope ) non seismic detection in favorable explorative area which confirmed by chemical prospect ( matural potential, gamma energy spectrum. accurately magnetic analysis ) resistively prospecting in anomalous area which confirmed by physicalprospect successful general evaluation of geo - physicochemical prospect

    通過勘探早期地質物化探綜合找油方法實驗，筆者總結了一套適合志丹探區石油地質特點的勘探方法組合和勘探程序：油氣地球化學勘探（酸解烴、吸附烴、熒光光譜、紫外光譜、甲烷碳同位素、蝕變碳酸巖）化探圈定的有利勘探區進行非地震物探（自然電位、伽瑪能譜、高精度磁測、土壤測氧）物探圈定的異常區進行電阻率測深勘探地質物化探成果綜合評價。
  11. To study the changes of poisson ' s ratio and its anisotropy with confining pressure, we measured p - and s - wave velocities in three orthogonal directions in 19 rock samples under different confining pressures

    為了研究不同巖石中泊松比及其各向異性隨圍壓的變化，選取19塊典型的巖石樣品，在不同圍壓下沿相互正交的3個方向同時測量縱、橫波速度，並通過計算得到了泊松比及其各向異性。
  12. 3 ) from the samples saturated completely by air to those saturated completely by brine, the velocities of compressive wave of the rocks increase obviously, with the extent of 11. 73 % ; the velocities of shear wave change little or decrease slightly, with the average of decreasing extent of 1. 21 % for shear wave 1 and 1. 16 % for shear wave 2. the difference of velocity between compressive wave and shear wave makes poisson ' s ratio increase obviously, with the average extent of 87. 25 %

    3 ）從完全飽和氣到完全飽和水，珠江口盆地第三系砂巖、粉砂巖、碳酸鹽巖及其過渡性巖石類型的縱波速度是顯著增加的，平均增加幅度為11 . 73 ；橫波速度變化很小，或略有降低，橫波1平均降低幅度為1 . 21 ，橫波2平均降低幅度為1 . 16 ；縱橫波速度的這種差異變化導致泊松比顯著增加，平均增加幅度為87 . 25 。
  13. ( s ) weathering and unloading action which are the two main exogenous process is active in epigenetic - surface. so, although one is different with the other, they are associated with each other closely and are cntrolled by geostress and seepage fields. in fact, weak weathered zone corresponds to weak load - off one, strong weathered zone corresponds to strong load - off one in virtue of result of this dissertation. ( 6 ) rock mass is a geologic body which is composed of rock and structural plane. and under the condition of geostress. temperature and seepage fields, correspondingly. studying weathering should pay attation to the aspects of rock, structural plane and fields. according to this. the author subdivises rockmass weathering into rock weathering and structural weathering, ulteriorly, the dissertation studies rockmass weathering from three aspects as follows : ? ock weathering : aberrance degree of mineral and physical mechanical performance of weathered rock ; ? e have already knew that weathering action damage the integrity of rock mass, but few applies it to engineering practice. the dissertation is based on trend o

    本文研究結果為弱卸荷與弱風化大致對應、強卸荷與強風化大致對應； （ 6 ）巖體是由組成它的巖石與缺陷賦存於一定環境場中的地質體，據此本文將巖體風化細劃為巖石風化與結構面風化，並進而將表徵巖體風化的指標相應地歸結為三個方面來加以研究並應用於工程實踐，這就是：對于巖石風化，主要為礦物的變異程度與風化巖石的物理力學性能研究：雖已認識到風化作用破壞了巖體完整性，但將該理論應用於巖體風化分帶卻不多見，本文即從淺表部位硬性結構面間距、條數、跡長、塊度等隨遠離臨空面的變化規律來研究巖體風化分帶：不同風化、卸荷程度的巖體實際處于不同環境場中，彈性波速變化與特定環境場相對應，因而是反映巖體風化、卸荷的綜合因素。
  14. According to the analyses of the research results about the feasibility of 4 - d seismic and the successful 4 - d seismic cases of foreign companies, the author put forward the suggestions for 4 - d seismic pilot area selection ; briefly analyzed the influential function of producing way on the seismic response ; utilized theory calculation, coring data analyses, and reservoir numerical simulation to define the fluid substitution effects on the p - wave velocity. through long time water driven to the reservoir, some of the properties and the log curves have changed, the author tried to find the variation rule of the reservoir and its effects on seismic velocity. the " blind point " in 4 - d seismic feasibility study both in china and overseas was found, that is the lack of consideration of the influence of physical property variation by long time water driven on the seismic response

    在深入分析國外四維地震可行性研究成果和成功實例的基礎上，提出了有利於水驅四維地震成功的工區優選條件；簡要剖析了各種開采方式及其對地震特性的影響；利用理論計算、巖心分析、油藏數值模擬三種方法確定了流體替代對縱波速度的影響；通過對長期水驅造成的物性參數、測井曲線以及油藏溫度和壓力變化規律的總結，分析了這些變化對地震速度的影響，指出了目前國內外水驅四維地震可行性研究中存在的盲區?沒有充分考慮長期注水造成的物性、溫度和壓力變化對地震響應的影響，完善了水驅四維地震可行性研究的內容；在考慮了這些變化因素后，高29斷塊水驅四維地震可行性研究結果表明：四維地震監測注水前沿可能要比監測油藏變化容易的多；以四維地震巖石物理可行性研究結果為基礎，提出了五個有助於突出四維地震造成的微小差異的途徑，為今後水驅四維地震研究指明了方向。
  15. 2 ) the effects on waves conversion are stronger in rocks with dry fractures than that in rocks with water - filled fractures, and s - waves attenuate more rapidly in rocks with water - filled fractures. 3 ) the explosive point source which locates in anisotropic media can excites not only p - waves but also s - waves. 4 ) the properties of waves propagation were discussed and compared for several point sources with different source functions

    結果表明： 1 ）平行排列裂縫造成的各向異性使波前變寬； 2 ）含乾裂縫巖石對波型轉化的影響比含充水裂縫巖石的大，橫波在含充水裂紋中傳播時衰減較快； 3 ）當介質存在各向異性時，爆炸點源產生的波不僅有縱波，還有橫波； 4 ）通過改變點源函數研究不同點源所產生波以及波型的轉換。
  16. Situated at the both e w sides of pamir, the s w tarim and tadjik basins have the similar evolution history of tectono sedimentary processes during cenozoic, i. e. steady subsidence with transgressive sequence in paleogene and speedy subsidence with continental molassetype sediments in strong compressive tectonic environment in neogene - quaternery. since neogene, for the effect of pamir and west kunlun s northward moving and thrusting, there is complicated tectonostructural deformation taking place in tadjik and sw tarim. neogene stratigraphic combination and later structural deformation of tadjik basin and southwestern tarim much resemble each other in terms of extent of transpressional processes. paleogene in tadjik basin is main oil - bearing sequence and many substantial oil - gas fields there have been found. so, it can be assured in comparison that there is oil - gas perspective also in southwestern tarim region

    第四紀受強烈擠壓快速沉降接受陸相磨拉石沉積。自新第三紀以來，受帕米爾西昆侖北移和隆升沖斷的影響，塔西南和塔吉克盆地發生了復雜的褶皺沖斷變形，其差異在於塔西南明顯地受走滑為主的剪壓構造作用，而塔吉克盆地是受擠壓為主的剪壓構造作用的影響。塔西南和塔吉克盆地下第三系巖相組合類似，後期構造變形也相似，塔吉克盆地下第三系是該盆地的主力油層，已有許多油氣田發現，因此可以推斷塔西南也應該有良好的油氣前景。
  17. The effects of parallel aligned opening or water - filled fractures on waves propagation were investigated. the results shows that : 1 ) the existence of anisotropic properties of fractured rocks leads to waves conversion and the wave fronts become wider

    通過模擬點源產生的彈性波在均勻各向同性各向異性巖石中的傳播，研究了平行排列裂縫的存在以及改變裂縫的參數對彈性波傳播特性的影響。
  18. The psm was extended to heterogeneous anisotropic medium and a program for 2d elastic waves propagation was written in fortran. the stable condition of psm for 2d anisotropic media was introduced and discussed. the propagations of elastic waves, excited by point sources in homogeneous isotropic / anisotropic rocks, were simulated

    導出了適用於模擬二維各向異性非均勻巖石中彈性波傳播、以位移為變量的偽譜法公式並編寫了相應的程序，並推導了適用於二維各向異性介質的偽譜法穩定性條件。
  19. The main work and achievements are summarized as follow : hudson ' s crack model and liu ' s fracture model were introduced. the anisotropic properties of rocks with dry and water - filled parallel fractures were discussed

    全文主要工作包括以下幾個方面：介紹了hudson的幾種裂紋模型以及劉恩儒等提出的裂縫模型，用彈性常數隨角度的變化關系圖討論了含排列干充水裂縫巖石的各向異性。
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