影子定價 的英文怎麼說

中文拼音 [yǐngzidìngjià]
影子定價 英文
shadow pricing
  • 影 : Ⅰ名詞1 （物體擋住光線后映出的形象） shadow 2 （鏡中、水面等反映出來的物體形象） reflection; image...
  • 子 : 子Ⅰ名詞1 （兒子） son 2 （人的通稱） person 3 （古代特指有學問的男人） ancient title of respect f...
  • 定 : Ⅰ形容詞1 （平靜; 穩定） calm; stable 2 （已經確定的; 不改變的） fixed; settled; established Ⅱ動詞...
  • 價 : 名詞1. （價格） price 2. （價值） value 3. [化學] （化合價） valence
  • 影子 : 1 （影） shadow; reflection 2 （模糊的形象） trace; sign; vague impression 3 （人的蹤影） the tra...
  1. Oneness of the two definitions of shadow price and its economic implication

    影子價格兩種定義的統一性及其經濟學含義
  2. To calculate the shadow prices of the agriculture production factors is useful to solve this problem, it will be also helpful for the government to effectively make policies in agriculture fields

    測算中國農業生產要素的影子價格，有助於解決這一問題，對政府進入wto以後國家有效的制定農業政策也具有相當重要的支持作用。
  3. On the basis of the study of the theory and appraise method on land use in the small towns from home and abroad, this paper at first conducts a deep study on the development and role of the small towns, indicating that its development has sawn an uneven development phrase and becomes a carrier of the enterprises, a pool of surplus laborers, a hub of material exchanges between the rural and urban areas, a base of spiritual civilization, an important way to achieve urbanization. second, it conducts a study on the situation and features and the problems the land use, indicating that the efficiency of the land use is low, which has a direct influence on the development of agriculture and the role of the small towns. and the study of the demand of the land indicates the shortage of land is serious, and the small town must rationally use the land and increases its intensive role and the economical efficiency to meet the demand

    在分析國內外已有關于小城鎮土地利用的理論與評價方法的基礎上，首先對小城鎮在我國的發展、地位和作用進行了深入的分析，判明我國小城鎮發展經歷了一個曲折向上的發展階段，已成為鄉鎮企業的載體，農村剩餘勞動力的蓄水池，城鄉物資交流的樞紐，農村精神文明的基地，是我國城市化的重要途徑；其次，對小城鎮土地資源利用現狀和特徵進行了探討，並對發展小城鎮建設導致的土地利用問題進行了剖析，表明目前我國大多數小城鎮土地效益和規模效益低下，佔用耕地過多，直接影響農業的發展，影響小城鎮的地位和作用；通過小城鎮土地供需分析研究表明，我國土地短缺十分嚴峻，小城鎮土地需求缺口較大，小城鎮必須合理利用現有土地，增強集約功能和土地經濟效益，從而緩解需求壓力；最後，論文通過運用特爾菲法，描述統計分析法、多元統計分析（主成分分析）法和系統分析法中的層次分析法（ ahp ）等一系列方法，結合定性和定量兩方面，從土地質量、土地資源數量與結構、土地經濟效益、環境效益、社會效益等五個方面進行分析，篩選、建立了土地資源利用評價指標體系，在因子評價的基礎上，建立了土地利用綜合評價模型，並給出了評價過程和方法。
  4. 2 ) model of ascertaining the land marked price system in the system of the land marked price, author brings up the model of gradually diverse return to return to analyze, and make use of the current data of the land price, and the factor value of unit samples located in, and proceed to analyze gradually diverse return to return, ascertain variable factors influence of land price and the influence strength of the factor

    2 、標定地價體系的確定模型在標定地價體系的確定中，提出了逐步多元回歸分析模型，利用現有樣點地價資料，以及樣點所在單元各因素因子分值，進行逐步多元回歸分析，確定各用途用地的影響地價的因素因子及因素因子的影響強度。
  5. The available wrv models such as shadow price model, marginal opportunity cost model, reproduction model, income present value model and supply - demand price model are introduced, and their principle, applicability, merits and demerits are analysed. and then, this paper discusses various factors which may have influence on wrv. finally, this paper establishes the fuzzy model of wrv

    指出現有的影子價格模型，邊際機會成本價格模型，再生產模型，收益現值模型，供求定價模型等水資源價值模型各自的模型原理、適用性及其優缺點，然後在此基礎上論述有關因素對水資源價值的影響，指出水資源價值的模糊屬性，構建了水資源價值模糊數學模型。
  6. As for the direct economic losses, it is easier to quantitative analysis, the researchers adopt usually the market valuation ; as for the indirect economic losses, the researchers usually have the aid of the input - output method of the complete wastage coefficient of input - output ; as for the disaster relief losses, the researchers usually adopt the investigation method to quantitatively calculate the input expenditure of preventing drought, and make use of shade price of economics to quantitatively calculate the investment premium losses

    對于直接經濟損失的定量較容易確定，採用市場價格法;對于間接經濟損失的定量，借用了投入產出完全消耗系數的投入產出法;對于災害救援損失的定量，其中的抗早投入費用採用統計調查法，而投資溢價損失移用經濟學中的影子價格來計算。
  7. The paper solves the saddle point, values and alterable tracks of bank nonperforming loans from optimal control theory. the eighth creative research field is as follows. shadow price ( hamiltonian multiplier ) can be got by multiplying nonperforming loans " s marginal ne

    試圖回答並且做出有創新的研究之八本文從最優控制論的角度從假設開始演繹發現了哈密爾乘子（影子價格）是銀行不良貸款的邊際負效用的倍數，倍數是由參數決定的，因為在不同的模型中，影子價格的經濟學意義是不一樣的。
  8. Based on the characteristics and connotation of forest ecosystem services, physical and value assessment, including the assessment methods of shallow price, opportunity cost, substitution expenditure, capitalized returns and so on were used to evaluate the forest ecosystem services in wuyishan scenery district

    摘要根據森林生態系統的特徵和服務功能的內涵，採用物質量和價值量相結合的方法，運用影子價格法、機會成本法、替代花費法、收益資本化法等方法定量評價了武夷山風景名勝區森林生態系統服務功能的經濟價值。
  9. This paper has an analysis in theory and case study of freevm and cvm, and introduces the environmental shadow price calculated by applying the two methods to environmental impact value assessment of forestry project

    對森林資源環境效果評價法和條件價值評價法，進行了理論思考和案例研究，並把所確定的影子價格引入到項目環境影響價值評價中。
  10. Firstly, we made investigations for reconstructed effects by measurements and surveys at sites, and made evaluations of social function using blurry synthetic evaluation methods. secondly, we analysed and valued the ecological functions, taking the fixed volume calculation of gardening vegetables the various types of ecological functions of garden and the fixed analysis of the ecological adjustment as the basic methods. lastly, in the thesis, many methods are used to calculate the value of economic values, such as shadow project method, market - value method, substitute method, and so on

    首先，通過實地測量和問卷調查等方法對其改造效果進行調查，並且運用模糊綜合評價法對其社會功能進行評價;其次，以城市園林綠化綠量計算為基礎，以園林植物不同種類生態功能定量計算為基本方法，對其生態功能進行了分析和估算;最後，運用碳稅法、造林成本法、影子工程法、市場價值法、條件價值法、替代法等方法，估算了其經濟功能。
  11. In many articles and works, the termination of the liaison between celestial and human beings has an indefinite source. at the beginning of the discourse it is introduced that the two sources of the termination which people often mentioned. they are the l punishments, of the book of zhou, of the book of history and chu yu of guo yu. the article also explicates the relationship between the two records and their value, saying that chu yu of guo yu was compiled later than the l punishments, of the book of zhou, of the book of history but their importance can not be judged only by the time when they were compiled. in fact the termination was mythologically recorded in the book of mountains and seas the famous pre - qin book. in the part, the writer introduces the time and the nature of the book of mountains and seas, thinking it passes on many messages of the primitive time with the images and reflection of true history and taking it as a new attempt to study the legal history by it

    正本清源，本文首先介紹人們最常引用的「絕地天通」的兩個出處： 《尚書?周書?呂刑》和《國語?楚語》 ，而且對這兩處記載的關系及其價值進行了分析，指出：雖然《國語?楚語》在時間上較《尚書?周書?呂刑》為后，但對資料的原始性的評價並不僅僅以其時間的先後為標準。事實上，在先秦典籍中， 《山海經》也以一種神話的語言記載了「絕地天通」 。在本部分，作者對《山海經》的性質、成書時間等作了說明，認為它用神話的方式保留並傳遞了相當多的原始時代的信息，它們帶有歷史的影子，在一定程度上反映著歷史的真實。
  12. Based on the characteristics and connotation of forest ecosystem services, the physical and value assessment methods, including market value method, shadow engineering price method, production cost method, opportunity cost method and administering expenditure method, were used to evaluate forest ecosystem services in yashushan natural reserve

    摘要根據福建寧化牙梳山自然保護區森林生態系統的特徵和森林生態系統服務功能的內涵，採用物質量和價值量相結合的評價方法，使用市場價值法、影子工程價格法、生產成本法、機會成本法、治理費用法等定量評價了寧化牙梳山自然保護區森林生態系統服務功能經濟價值。
  13. Therefore, when insurance companies determine the pricing profit margin, they should pay more attention to the influence from underwriting profit margin

    因此，產險公司根據承保利潤率和投資收益率確定定價利潤因子時，應該更加重視承保利潤率對它的影響。
  14. Therefore, according to the two contributory factors, the model for determining the pricing profit margin was given. secondly, underwriting profit margin and investment rate of return were expounded in detail

    本文首先對定價利潤因子進行了分析，指出承保利潤率和投資收益率都會影響定價利潤因子，因此，本文根據這兩個隨機影響因素給出了定價利潤因子模型。
  15. After the test for effects on the pricing profit margin from underwriting profit margin and investment rate of return, it was concluded that the effect on pricing profit margin from underwriting profit margin was greater than the effect from investment rate of return

    用敏感性分析來測試承保利潤率和投資收益率對定價利潤因子的影響程度時，發現了承保利潤率對定價利潤因子的影響要大於投資收益率對定價利潤因子的影響。
  16. It is hopeful that the model can determine a reasonable profit margin. and then, this paper tested for effects on the pricing profit margin from underwriting profit margin and investment rate of return. firstly, the profit margin was introduced in the article, and it pointed out that underwriting profit margin and investment rate of return would have effects on the pricing profit margin

    本文嘗試在定價利潤因子模型中加入了具有隨機影響效果的承保利潤率和投資收益率這兩個影響因素，希望通過這個模型來確定定價利潤因子，並通過敏感性分析來測試承保利潤率和投資收益率對定價利潤因子的影響程度。
  17. Based on the retrospect and review of existent literature, spatial monopolization and rival strategy are accepted but the angle discussing the effect that product differentiation works on cooperation will be changed from producer. by re - constructing function of consumer utility and introducing in consumer preference, the degree of product differentiation may be denoted by the degree of consumer preference. the influence that product differentiation works on critical discount factor d can be obtained by introducing in one - shot price game and repeated game, from which we can learn the influence that product differentiation works on cooperation

    圍繞bertrand悖論的所展開的爭論，為進一步展開對這一問題的分析提供了豐富的工具和背景知識，在對已有的理論文獻加以回顧引述的基礎上，保留原有的空間壟斷概念和競爭策略的同時，改變單純從生產者角度來論述產品差異度對企業合作的影響，重新構造消費者效用函數，引入消費者偏好，以消費者的偏好的大小來表示產品之間的差異度，通過單時期和無限期博弈模型來論證產品差異度（消費者偏好程度之比）對臨界折現因子的影響，進而論證其對企業間進行合作所產生影響；效用函數的引入使得價格和運輸成本不再是決定消費者購買的唯一因素，消費者對產品的選擇不完全取決于消費者的位置，這會導致企業間定價和市場份額的非對稱性變化。
  18. Agricultural land use is the foundation of sustainable agriculture and rural development. the contradiction between land and people in the hills of the central sichuan basin is quite intense. irrational land use leads to the humble effectiveness of agriculture economy and ecology. this paper began from the agricultural land use, after full consideration of traditional adaptive strategy of this area, based on the mathematical programming theory and relevant indexes, the sustainable agriculture and rural development planning model was set up

    本研究選取廣安區代市鎮為研究試點，在充分考慮該地區農民傳統生存策略的基礎上，以經濟和生態效益最優化為目標，從農業土地優化利用和農業生態系統的結構調整出發，在實地收集資料和數據的基礎上，採用線性規劃方法對農業土地資源進行優化利用，通過excel軟體進行不斷調試和計算，比較分析了優化結果和現狀農業在經濟和生態效益方面的差異，並以資源的影子價格分析了規劃模型的穩定性。
  19. While these cases mainly reflect lack of proper internal risk management and control, on the whole, i believe the effectiveness of the " going abroad " strategy in raising chinas commodity pricing power in international markets will be constrained by a number of factors

    這些例子當然反映了有關公司本身內部管理與風險控制上存在問題。但總的來說，我認為依靠走出去來提高中國在國際商品市場上對定價的影響力會受到以下因素的限制：
  20. In order to obtain an unique valuation, we must add new pricing criterions, and the different pricing criterions will lead to different approximate valuation, but from the point of the theory of hilbert space, no matter what kinds of approximate valuation, they can be view as the project of a vector from the hilbert space to its closed subspace, the only difference is the different definitions of norm

    為了得到唯一定價，必須引入其它定價標準，引入定價標準不同，就可以得到不同的近似定價，但從hilbert空間投影理論看，無論何種近似定價，都可以看成是hilbert空間的一個向量到它的一個閉子空間投影，差別只是所定義范數不同而已。
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