控制性壟斷 的英文怎麼說

中文拼音 [kòngzhìxìnglǒngduàn]
控制性壟斷 英文
controlled monopoly
  • 控 : 動詞1 （告發;控告） accuse; charge 2 （控制） control; dominate 3 （使容器口兒朝下 讓裏面的液體慢...
  • 制 : Ⅰ動詞1 （製造） make; manufacture 2 （擬訂; 規定） draw up; establish 3 （用強力約束; 限定; 管束...
  • 性 : Ⅰ名詞1 （性格） nature; character; disposition 2 （性能; 性質） property; quality 3 （性別） sex ...
  • 壟 : 名詞1. （耕地上培成的土埂） ridge 2. （田地分界的稍稍高起的小路） raised path between fields3. （像壟的東西） ridge-like things
  • 斷 : Ⅰ動詞1 （分成段） break; snap 2 （斷絕;隔斷） break off; cut off; stop 3 （戒除） give up; abstai...
  • 控制性 : controllability
  • 控制 : control; dominate; regulate; govern; manage; check; cybernate; manipulate; encraty; rule; rein; c...
  • 壟斷 : monopolize; forestall; monopoly
  1. Next analyzed were the characteristics of natural gas pipeline transmission ; cost, ratemaking principle, method of acquiring the pipeline transmission fee, constitution, calculate, management and control after that, wt ; compared service cost methods with economic evaluation methods and the one - part pricing method with the two - part pricing method. later on was introduced the regulate coefficient of pipeline transmission fee structure, established the modificatory two - part pricing method, and found out a natural gas pipeline transmission pricing method that is fit for china ' s current situation. finally, we validated the rationality and applicability of this metho j by the demonstrational analysis on the natural gas pipeline transmission price of " the gas transmission from west to east " pipeline this paper ' s research fundamental is : the fundamental of natural gas pipeline transmission pricing should reflect the characteristics of natural gas pipeline transmission

    本文首先論述了自然壟斷行業的價格理論，然後分析了天然氣管輸的特點、定價原則及管輸費的收取方式、成本、構成、計算及其管理與調控；在此基礎上比較了中外天然氣管輸定價的服務成本法與經濟評價法，一部制定價法與兩部制定價法等；針對目前我國天然氣管道運價的制定現狀，本文深入研究了國際通用的天然氣管輸定價方法，引入「管輸費結構調整系數」的指標，建立修正的兩部制定價方法，找出了一套適合於我國當前國情的恰當的天然氣管輸定價方法，並通過「西氣東輸」管線加以實證分析，驗證了方法的合理性和適用性。
  2. The paper analyzes comparatively interior transaction cost of integrated model with analysis structure of r. h. coase and market transaction cost of market model according to bargain proceeding ; analyzing economy of scales for electricity industry on the terms of its definition coming up with an improved " survival of the fittest " method to find optimum economic scale and explaining " separation of power plant from electric network " with the view of vertical economy ; studying selection and realization for valid competition of electricity industry with theory of contestable market, while setting up a oligarch monopoly competition model for the electricity market based on tax control of government with the thought of dynamic game theory of

    應用科斯的交易成本分析框架對一體化管理模式下的內部交易成本進行分析，按照契約過程對市場化模式下的市場交易成本進行分析，並作了相應比較；按照規模經濟的定義對電力產業的規模經濟性進行了分析，提出改進的"適者生存法"來確定電力產業的最優經濟規模，並運用縱向經濟的觀點解釋"廠網分開" ；應用可競爭性理論研究了電力產業的有效競爭方式的選擇和實現，同時借鑒stackelberg模型的動態博弈思想，構建了基於政府稅收調控的電力市場寡頭壟斷競爭模型，通過對模型的分析說明了市場結構的演化和政府管制的必要性。
  3. On one side, tncs " m & a practices constitute a external force pushing china ' s further soes " reform, such as diversification of corporate ownership, enhancement of corporate governance structure, effective incentives mechanisms for corporate managers, upgrade of domestic enterprise ' s international competitiveness, introduce of competition mechanisms in monopoly industries, and so on. on the other side, tncs " m & a practices may bring some potential risks, such as soes " losing dominant position in strategic industries, costs of m & a failures, less employment opportunities, risks of embezzlement of stated owned assets, and tncs " abuse of market power

    五、跨國公司對中國企業的並購猶如一把雙刃劍，一方面它將有利於國有產權的多元化、公司治理結構的完善、控制權市場的形成、經營者的有效激勵約束、企業國際競爭力的提升、以及壟斷行業競爭機制的引入；另一方面，它也會產生各種風險，如國有經濟戰略性地位喪失的風險、整合失敗的風險、就業減少的風險、國內資產流失的風險、以及跨國公司非競爭性行為發生的風險等。
  4. The real estate development cost control methods are specified of decision, design, execution stage to reduce the construction cost, and it is compiling feasibility study report and capital invest estimation in decision, optimizing the design scheme and designed rationally in the technique and construction drawing design stage, electing rational construction scheme in construction stage, controlling the change in the work and field visas strictly, examining and approving budge detailed, budge planning use the quantities list, electing the best subcontractor, preventing some monopoly raise the price, collecting the detailed data in the fieldwork, making strict bargain

    討論了房地產開發項目的決策階段、設計階段、實施階段分別需要採取的相關措施和方法，以盡量降低項目的工程造價，即在決策階段編寫詳細的可行性研究報告和編制投資估算；在設計階段優化設計方案，進行合理的技術設計和施工圖設計；在實施階段選擇合理的施工方案，嚴格控制工程變更和現場簽證，嚴格審核工程施工圖預算，工程造價的預算採用工程量清單報價，擇優確定專業分包單位，防止少數壟斷性行業任意抬價，深入現場，收集和掌握施工有關資料，制定嚴密的合同條款。
  5. For example, the administratively monopolized access regulation that caused the upper section ( railway network operation ) and lower section ( the transportation businesses ) integrated ; the relatively closed investment mechanism that at first mainly depended on government allocation, then mainly relied on railway ' s building fund ; the price regulation that controls the right of price setting strictly and keeps a low price level for a long time ; the income distribution regulation that with its income and expense carried out in two separate ways ; finally, the regulation framework that with the roles wrongly arranged and with inadequate supervision and lagged legislation

    由此可以看出，我國鐵路規制體制的計劃經濟痕跡非常明顯：在進入上，實行「上下一體」的行政性壟斷；在投資上，實行先以國家為主而後以鐵路建設基金為主的相對封閉的投資體制；在運價上，國家嚴格控制定價權，並長期以來保持低價位；在收益分配上，實行收支兩條線的清算制度；最後，在規制的組織架構方面，不僅角色錯位，而且缺乏監督，立法滯后。
  6. Political power, pervasive propaganda, control of the classroom, and domination of the press and academic journals can save the prevailing paradigm for another generation

    政治權力，無孔不入的宣傳力度，對學校課堂的控制，對新聞和學術期刊的壟斷性控制，能夠令普遍範式再延續一代人。
  7. The author supports the view that we must face the practice and logic in the imperial china, regardless the official intention of safeguarding the throne ' s authority

    即使官方的意圖真的是為了維護皇權，但官方意圖也並不能獨斷地決定這一事件的性質，也不可能壟斷對這一事件的不同解釋，思想控制與權利保護並不是絕對矛盾的。
  8. Administrative monopoly refers to the behaviors of controlling and cornering market competition by the way of utilization of other public power under the control of administrative organs in local government and national trade economic management. we should study the concept from the following parts such as the subject - characteristic, difference with economic controlling and legal immunity

    行政壟斷是地方政府行政機關和國家行業經濟管理部門主要憑借行政權力的行使，在其他公共權力綜合運用的影響下，對經濟活動進行排他性控制、消除或者限制市場競爭的行為。我們應從行政壟斷的主體、性質、與宏觀經濟調控的本質區別、法律豁免等方面綜合理解其概念。
  9. In order to find a way to control administrative monopoly in china, the author has studied some experiences of anti - administrative monopoly by law in eu and some countries, such as usa, which have developed or are developing market economy

    為了尋求我國控制行政壟斷的「良藥」 ，本文通過對典型市場經濟國家一美國、體制轉型期國家及歐共體的反行政性壟斷現狀的研究，尋求出我國控制行政性壟斷的方式。
  10. The conclusion indicated that all the countries depend on law, especially on anti - monopoly law, to control administrative monopoly. the best way to control administrative monopoly in china is to establish an anti - administrative monopoly law system, which mainly includes pre - regulatinon, mid - interruption and post - punishment

    無論典型市場經濟國家，還是體制轉型期國家或歐共體，它們在控制行政性壟斷的工作中，依靠的是法律，運用的是法律手段，尤其是經濟法中的反壟斷法。
  11. Administrative monopoly is a kind of monopoly action in which the administrative subjects abuse or overstep administrative power to exclusively control the economy motion of the market. it results in exclusion, restriction or hindrance to fair market competition

    行政壟斷是指行政主體濫用或超越行政權力，對市場的經濟運行過程進行排他性控制，排斥、限制或妨礙市場正當競爭的行為。
  12. This article discovers that the right land employment which is prosperous gradually in recent years, as an important practice of the land ownership transformation is also profoundly reconstructing current china countryside social. class structure : some countryside social groups ( members were more ) has obtained more resources and opportunities owing to the change of occupational structure which resulted from the land pass and realized the up flow of social stratum status ; some countryside social groups ( members are less ) fell into the social lowest class because of congenitally deficiency, comparatively further edge than before ; there are still some members and a few social groups who have monopolized and controlled more community resources and opportunities by the system authority and the social network which weaved on as well as the geographical superiority, has formed and consolidated its ultra community ' s outstanding person status

    近年逐漸興盛的土地使用權流轉作為一項重要的地權變革實踐也正在深刻地重構當前中國農村社會階層結構：一些農村社會群體（成員較多）借土地流轉引發的職業結構變動獲得了更多的資源和機會，實現了階層地位的上向流動；也有些農村社會群體（成員較少）則因先天不足而淪入社會底層，並進一步邊緣化；還有一些成員極少的社會群體借制度性的權力和以此織就的社會網路以及區位優勢，壟斷和控制了更多的社區資源和機會，形成和鞏固了其超社區的精英地位。
  13. From this crisis, we draw a lesson that china has a lot to do for the current baking and supervision system. chinese banking is hampered by administrative interference, high level of bad debt, poor transparency, and improper lending policies

    我國成功抵禦了亞洲金融危機，但銀行業內在的制度性、經營性問題及各種深層次矛盾依然存在，如委託?代理機制不健全、行業壟斷程度過高、內控制度缺乏、不良貸款率高企和經營效益不佳等。
  14. The mu1ti - level of administration, j the multi - finance investment, the multi - specification of talent, and the mu1ti - way of admission and emploppent. chapter four deals with the general feat - uies of the transformation rather than the specific content, to indicate the fact that the transformation has actua1ly exceeded the development of russian higher education in 70s of 20th century f it has broken away from the monopolization of single ideology, from the planned controi of the state, from the isolation caused by the traditional cu1ture

    該章充分印證了變革實際上是對蘇聯70年高等教育體制的構成與發展在思想上的超越：超越單一意識形態對高等教育的壟斷式影響，超越國家對高等教育的計劃性控制，超越傳統文化對高等教育的封閉性隔離；進而表明俄羅斯高等教育未來發展的基本走向是?一意識形態的多元化、生存的市場化、發展的國際化。
  15. Thus reflected to the spreading activities, the receiver as an individual and dynamic " human being " awakens in its consciousness. it urges the spreading of information transforming from one - way mechanic mode to double - way individual interactive mode, which also to a great extent clears up the information monopolization sprang from the traditional " centre - - fringe " structure of the information transmission

    它反映到傳播實踐活動中就是，受眾作為有個性的、能動的「人」的主體意識的覺醒，它促使了信息的傳受方式由單向、機械的灌輸模式向雙向、個性的互動模式的轉化，很大程度上消解了傳統的信息傳播的「中心? ?邊緣」結構帶來的資訊控制與壟斷。
  16. It has an positive effect in installing resources. but thd biggest negative effect of corportions merger and acquisition is to cause monopoly and produce disadvantageous influence to competition order. therefore, confining monopoly is always the core in developed countries to supervise and manage corporations mergers and acquisitions. because of the multinational mergers and acquisitions may result in the foreign capital controling the host country ' s market and threatening its national economic safety, restricting its young industry ' s development, affecting the independence of its national industry, confining foreign capital monopoly of multinational merger and acquisition is very imprtant to host countries. this paper through discussing the problems of restricting competition and monopoly and international cartel caused by multinational companys carryin g out corporations mergesr and acquisitions, studys antimonopoly problem within process of foreign capital mergers and acquisitions and bring forward the related legal counterplans and suggestions

    因此，規制壟斷一直是發達國家對企業並購實施監管的核心。由於跨國並購可能造成外資控制東道國市場進而威脅其國家的經濟安全；跨國公司進行的反競爭並購所形成的壟斷還會制約東道國幼稚產業的發展，影響其民族工業的獨立性，因此規制跨國並購中外資的壟斷對東道國尤其重要。本文從跨國公司實施企業集中所引發的限制競爭與壟斷問題及國際卡特爾問題入手，研究入世后我國外資並購過程中存在的反壟斷問題，並從法律角度提出相關對策與建議。
  17. By studying the regulations governing the control of m & as in u. s. and eu, the author finds that, on the judicial criteria in terms of m & as, we have not only clear criteria in accordance with quantity, but also vague criteria in accordance with policy, and application of the criteria is flexible for the mutual influences among all the elements

    通過分析美國與歐盟反壟斷法的企業並購控制制度，可以看出在並購的違法性標準問題上，既有較為清晰的量化標準，又有較為模糊的政策性標準。而且標準的運用也靈活多變，多種考察因素相互影響。
  18. Due to the particularity in itself, anti - monopoly of communal company adopted the action controlling system but not the structuralism controlling system, taking the behavior of abusing market ascendant as the restraining emphasis

    由於自身的特殊性，建設這一目標模式需要公用企業反壟斷採取行為主義壟斷控制制度，而不能採取結構主義控制制度，從而把濫用市場支配力的行為設定為被限制的對象。
  19. I. general survey of the merger concerning anti - monopoly law through research and analysis of the legal features of merger and restriction of effect of competition caused by various types of mergers and legislations in western countries, the writer considers that merger in a broad sense must be applied to the anti - monopoly law of our country. emphasis must be laid in restriction of horizontal merger in the legislation of our anti - monopoly law. as to vertical and mixed merger, legislative attitude of less and non - limitation could be taken respectively

    筆者通過對企業合併的法律特徵、不同種類的企業合併對競爭效果的限制和西方國家立法的研究分析，認為廣義的企業合併應為我國的反壟斷法所用；我國的反壟斷立法重點規制的應是橫向合併，對垂直合併和混合合併可以分別採取放鬆和不予控制的立法態度；在立法體例和發展性上，可以綜合各國一部分做法，採取分別立法，同時兼顧其它國家的反壟斷法。
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