推定過失 的英文怎麼說

中文拼音 [tuīdìngguòshī]
推定過失 英文
constructive fault
  • 推 : 動詞1 （向外用力使物體移動） push; shove 2 （磨或碾） turn a mill or grindstone; grind 3 （剪或削...
  • 定 : Ⅰ形容詞1 （平靜; 穩定） calm; stable 2 （已經確定的; 不改變的） fixed; settled; established Ⅱ動詞...
  • 過 : 過Ⅰ動詞[口語] （超越） go beyond the limit; undue; excessiveⅡ名詞（姓氏） a surname
  • 推定 : calculation
  • 過失 : 1 （因疏忽而犯的錯誤） fault; slip; error; misconduct; culpa; mistake; blunder 2 [法律] unpremedi...
  1. As long as such accidents do not occur because of mistakes on the part of sic, under conditions not against the law, ticket holders shall waive damage claims, demands or law suits against sic, china auto sports association, fia, foa, fom, sponsors of f1 world championship, the 2004 china grand prix, other companies designated by sic and organizers, operators and promoters

    只要該等事故非上海國際賽車場有限公司過錯造成，並且在不違背法律的前提下，持票觀眾同意放棄或免除對上海國際賽車場有限公司、中國汽車運動聯合會、國際汽車運動聯合會（ fia ） 、一級方程式賽車行政管理有限公司（ foa ） 、一級方程式賽車管理公司（ fom ） 、 f1世界錦標賽2004年中國大獎賽賽事贊助商、其他上海國際賽車場有限公司指定的公司以及所有參與組織，運作，推廣賽事的人員因事故所發生的損失、損害等提出任何請求或訴訟。
  2. This text expanded the magnetoelastic stability issue of current - carrying component from coil, pole piece to thin current - carrying plates, and used special function to differentiate the critical state of losing magnetoelastic steady, the number value of getting the relevant parameter is solved. the text derives and provides the magnetoelastic movement equation of thin current - carrying plates, the geometry equations and the physics equations, the expression formula of lorent ’ s force, electro dynamics equation through the theory at first

    本文將載流構件磁彈性穩定問題由線圈、桿件拓展到載流薄板，並引入特殊函數判別磁彈性穩定問題的失穩臨界狀態，得到了相關參量的數值關系。首先通過理論推導給出了載流薄板的磁彈性動力學方程，幾何與物理方程，洛侖茲力的表達式，電動力學方程。
  3. Environmental tort law in japan has originated in liability without negligence in public nuisance, today, liability without negligence and presumption of causation have become common legislation systems in environmental tort law all over the world, compensation and get rid of infringe are the major remedies in civil legal systems

    各國環境侵權法律制度中，無過失責任原則和因果關系推定規則已成為通制。在民事救濟上，主要是賠償損失和排除侵害，其中，在排除侵害的適用上，各國都帶有濃厚的利益權衡色彩。
  4. The third chapter mainly focuses on the civil indemnity liability originating from the securities manipulation. to begin with, the first part ascertains that such kind of torts generally trepasses on the object of so - called " pure economic interest ' mn next part, it demonstrates in detail the requisites with which would incur a civil damage liability. regarding the fault ( including both intention and negligence ), it put forward a viewpoint that we should impose the civil liability upon manipulations of chinese securities market on the basis of constructive fault principle. about the question of iniuria ( wrong ), the author studies two aspects, one is assumption of risk, the other is the model of determining iniuria and solutions proposed

    其中第一節首先明確了操縱市場這種侵權行為的客體即所謂「純粹財產上利益」 。第二節具體闡明了操縱市場行為民事賠償責任的構成要件。在過錯部分提出要以推定過失責任原則為基礎追究我國證券市場操縱行為的民事責任，違法部分研究了自甘冒險行為和違法認定模式及對策兩個問題，其中違法認定模式是一個創新，對改變我國目前證券市場民事索賠必須先由證監會認定違法的機制給予了批判。
  5. In the part of analysis of advantages and disadvantages of presumption of knowledge, it analyses that presumption of knowledge favorably serves to distribute reasonably the responsibility of producing ? evidence, to realize impartiality and efficiency of procedural law and to satisfy the needs of reality and criminal policy. on the other hand, it provides theoretical preparation for prevention of risk by pointing out its disadvantages of the inaccuracy in the presumed results and the possibility of presuming negligence as knowledge

    「明知推定的利弊分析」部分，則分析了明知推定具有合理分配提供證據的責任，實現訴訟法之公正與效益價值，滿足現實需要與刑事政策需要等作用；同時也存在推定結果精確性有欠缺和疏忽大意過失可能被推定為明知等弊端，為防範風險提供理論準備。
  6. Based on the comprehensive research on the theory and practice of insider trading in foreign countries, hong kong and taiwan, the thesis puts foreword that the assumed liability system shall be applicable to insider trading in line with the general tort theory. in consideration of the constitutional elements, the thesis also brings forward that the damage facts shall be measured by actual loss, the deduction of cause and effect : relationship shall be regulated in line with law, and that the existence of default shall be inferred from the strict objective standard

    在對國外和我國港臺地區關于內幕交易民事責任理論和實踐進行綜合比較的基礎上，本文依據侵權責任的一般理論，提出內幕交易侵權責任應適用過錯推定責任原則，在內幕交易民事責任要件方面提出以實際可得財產損失確定損害事實、以法定的推定方式證明因果關系、以嚴格的客觀標準來判斷過錯存在的基本作法。
  7. For civil law countries, japan has developed the most comprehensive theories that include double - sanction model, default presumption model and corporate entity liability model ; france has used the corporate realism as its basis for corporate criminal liability while the theories of organizational entity in germany and corporate realism in italy have

    過失推定論和企業組織體責任說，是法人刑事責任理論比較豐富的大陸法系國家了；法國以法人實在說為法人刑事責任的理論基礎；德國的組織體說和義大利的法人實在說都沒能在一片否定法人刑事責任的聲音中脫穎而出。
  8. The results show that the control law can control vectored aircraft to accomplish post - stall maneuvers very well and it is very robust to model uncertainty. 4

    模擬結果表明，該控制律能控制推力矢量飛機順利完成過失速機動，對系統模型的不確定性具有較強的魯棒性。
  9. We studied the type of joint act of tort, included common injury act, common dangerous act and injuring others in partnership. its intension is that several people have joint fault for damage or joint fault inferred by law, including common intention and common mistake

    研究了共同侵權行為的類型，包括共同加害行為、共同危險行為、合夥致人損害等行為:內涵即數個行為人對損害結果具有共同過錯或法律推定的共同過錯，既包括共同故意，又包括共同過失。
  10. The article defines the audit report ' s authenticity, accuracy and completeness regulated in the securities law according to the revision of some detailed auditing rules ; defines the cpa ' s ordinary negligence, gross negligence and fraud according to cpa ' s profession characteristics ; classifies the degree of wrongs of cpas and burden of proof : when audit report exists in the prospectus or listing statement, cpa is liable for ordinary negligence ; when it exists in annual report, cpa is liable for gross negligence, these negligence are inferred by law

    由於對注冊會計師的過錯也存在不同看法，本部分根據其職業特點，對其過錯的含義重新界定。根據審計報告所出現的披露文件的影響范圍不同，對注冊會計師承擔責任的過錯程度及舉證進行區分，出現在招股說明書與上市報告書中時，注冊會計師承擔普通過失責任，出現在年度報告中時，承擔重大過失責任，且都由法律推定過失存在，但如果要想讓注冊會計師承擔故意責任時，原告需負舉證責任。
  11. The prove method of the fault adopts the burden of proof to invert

    在執業過失證明上，採取舉證責任倒置推定被告過錯的證明方法。
  12. Through analysing the basic theories and reasons, gathering and reviewing the related law and regulations, discussing the disputed problem of the liability for tort, the author of this thesis reach conclusions as follows : it is the origin of law that embodies the professional responsibility of cpa in view of the legal liability of auditing. as far as the civil liability for tort of cpa ` s negligent act to practice is concerned, the subject of liability relates directly to the organization form of the accounting firms. whether liability for breach of contract or for tort that cpa should be taken against customers depends on the reason of sue which the customers choice

    在界定與注冊會計師執業過失行為相關的民事侵權責任時，責任主體與會計師事務所組織形式有直接關系;責任主體對客戶的責任:若以違約訴之則應承擔違約責任，若以侵權訴之則應承擔侵權責任;選擇已知第三人原則作為確定第三人范圍的標準;主張以過錯推定原則作為注冊會計師執業過失行為民事侵權責任的歸責原則;確定構成要件時，應當將違法行為包含在過錯要件之中，即構成要件包括:損害事實、行為與損害事實之間的因果關系、行為人的過錯。
  13. The ca should take the liability of tort when the relying party suffers for its negligence. the onus of proof should be on the ca as it is a professional organization. also, as the ca runs a high risk, it is necessary to put a reasonable limitation on its liability

    通過比較借鑒專家對第三人的民事責任制度，筆者認為認證機構和信賴方之間沒有合同關系，二者間是一種「信賴關系」 ;在認證機構因過失對信賴方造成損失時，認證機構應承擔侵權責任;因為認證機構的專業性，故應適用過錯推定原則;又因為認證機構的高風險性，故還應對其責任進行合理限制。
  14. In this article, the author poses disadvantages of chinese doctrines of liability fixation in civil liability of environmental pollution and suggests perfecting principles of liability without fault ; in the light of chinese increasingly serious environmental pollution, the author raises to draft " prevention and cure act in public hazards ", and clearly provides the shift of onus of proof and presumption principles of causality

    指出我國環境污染民事責任歸責原則的弊端，建議完善無過失責任原則。針對我國日益嚴重的環境污染問題，提出制定《公害防治法》 ，明確規定舉證責任轉移和因果關系推定原則。
  15. The conception for the institution of a civil liability system against the manipulation of the securities market is : acts of manipulating the securities market belongs in the category of infringement of rights ; the principle for the liability system is the presumption of fault ; the third party suffering losses as a result of the manipulation can raise claims of compensation ; the cause - effect relationship between manipulation of the market and losses are to be established through two links ; and there must be a reasonable method for calculating the compensation for losses

    摘要我國證券市場操縱行為民事責任制度建構設想是：市場操縱行為民事責任屬于侵權責任；其歸責原則是過錯責任原則，實行過錯推定；在人為操縱市場時，因買入或賣出該種有價證券而受損的善意第三人可提起賠償之訴；市場操縱與損害之間的因果關系是通過兩個關系鏈建立的；損失賠償額須有合理計算方法。
  16. Based on the comparison and analysis of the theories and practices of professional liability of both domestic and abroad, this thesis analyses the definition, characters and catalog of “ professional ”, the scope of “ third party ” and focuses on the doctrine of “ assumption of fault ”, the identification of “ negligence ” and “ the causation relation ” in a professional ’ s tort by negligence. this thesis also discusses how to reasonably limit the professional ’ s liability taking the high risk of the profession into account and proposes the professional liability insurance

    通過比較分析國內外的理論和實踐，本文論述了專家的概念、特徵和分類，第三人的范圍;並重點論述了「專家過失」侵權時適用的過錯推定原則，以及對專家「過失」 、 「因果關系」的具體認定;鑒于專家行業的高風險性，文章還對如何合理限制其責任進行了探討，主要論述了專家責任保險制度。
  17. The regime of liability of carrier under the contract law, the carrier ' s responsibilities had changed to the certain degree, whether the carrier should liable for the loss of or damage to the goods, as well as from delay of delivery or not, depends on the regime of liability, this is unreasonable, we

    六、承運人的責任制度問題，承運人對貨物的滅失、損害及延遲交付所造成的損失是否應承擔責任，承擔多少責任取決于承運人的責任制度，僅因航線不同而使用不同的責任制度是不合理的，筆者建議採用完全過失責任制，但不實行推定過失。
  18. Missing ship - where the ship concerned in the adventure is missing, and after the lapse of a reasonable time no news of her has been received, an actual total loss may be presumed

    船舶失蹤如果在海上冒險中有關的船舶失蹤，在一段合理的時間過后，仍未收到任何消息，則可推定為實際全損
  19. It is of significance to exclude ordinary fault from the objective important conditions of identifier ' s tort responsibility. the principle of judicial identification tort imputation is stricter than that of fault imputation or fault presumption. that is called strict responsibility principle

    鑒定入侵權責任主觀要件排除一般過失，具有特別重要的意義，與此相適應，司法鑒定民事侵權歸責原則是比過錯歸責原則或過錯推定原則更為嚴格的歸責原則，即嚴格責任原則。
  20. Thirdly, through analyzing the relation between the temperature and vibration stress and the life of connector, and combining with the theory of probability and statistics, deduce the failure physics equation, and set up a reliability statistical model. laid a foundation for working out electrical connector reliability test plans and treating electrical connectors test data

    第三，通過研究環境溫度和振動應力與電連接器接觸壽命之間的影響關系，並結合概率統計理論，推斷出失效物理方程，建立了可靠性統計模型，為電連接器可靠性試驗方案的制定和試驗數據的統計分析奠定了基礎。
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