The structure of this paper goes like this, the first chapter introduce the development of e - b / l in practice and in laws. and draw a conclution that the electrification of the b / l is a history tide. in the second chapter, on the basic of reseach the security trap in e - b / l running, 1 conclude six security elements of, e - b / l : the liability of the system, the authenticity of dealers ' identity. the integrity and secrecy of electronic data, and the validity and evidence effectiveness of electronic data. from the third chapter to the eighth, 1 reseach these elements one by one. the third chapter introduce the establishment of the e - b / l security system, and some related laws the fourth chapter introduce the certification authority of e - b / l. in the fifth chapter, 1 introduce the encrypt of electronic information and some countries ' control on use / import / export crytography. the sixth chapter introduce the concept and principle of digital signature, and reseach some related legal issues. the seventh chapter reseach the legal demand of validity, then come to a conclution that to establish a independent electronic information system is necessary. in the eighth chapter, 1 reseach some countries " regulation on the evidence effectiveness of electronic data
第二章在分析電子
提單運作中的安全隱患的基礎上,歸納出其六大安全要素,即系統的可靠性、交易者身份的真實性、數據電訊的機密性和完整性、數據電訊的合法有效性以及交易者行為的不可抵賴性。第三章到第八章分別對這六大要素進行分析:第三章介紹了電子
提單網路安全體系的建立以及系統安全保護法規,第四章則介紹了電子
提單的安全認證機構,第五章介紹了信息加密技術以及各國立法對密碼技術的進出口及使用的控制,第六章介紹了數字簽名的概念及原理,並以bolero為例介紹了數字簽名的技術方式,對有關法律問題作了論述;第七章首先論述了電子
提單對有效性的法律需求,然後結合國內法和國際規則的規定論證了數據電訊制度產生的必然性;第八章通過對各國立法對電子證據的法律效力的規定,論述了對電子交易至關重要的數據電訊的不可抵賴性。
The author then expound the definition, function and advantages of the electronic b / l from the comparison between “ electronic b / l ” and “ b / l computerlizing ” to help the readers to acquaint themselves with some basic elements of the electronic b / l. “ the second chapter introduces the operation of the electronic b / l in practice basing on the above introduction. the general idea of its operation is given through the introduction of “ seadocs ” experiment 、 “ cmi ” rules and “ bolero ” system - - three of the most influential electronic b / l projects and some other representative ones
第二章在對電子
提單有所了解的基礎上較詳細地介紹了電子
提單的應用情況,通過對「 seadocs試驗」 、 「 cmi規則」和「 bolero系統」這三個國際上最有影響力的電子
提單實踐項目以及其他一些較有代表意義的電子
提單實踐項目的介紹,讓讀者對電子
提單的發展情況有一個主要的了解。
English rules - english case law on this subject is quite mature
英國法關于
提單併入條款的規定已經比較穩定。
In all other cases loading on board a named vessel must be evidenced by a notation on the bill of lading which gives the date on which the goods have been loaded on board, in which case the date of the on board notation will be deemed to be the date of shipment
在所有其它情況下,裝上指名船隻這一內容,必須以
提單上註明貨物裝船日期的批註來證實,在此情況下,裝船批註日期即視為裝運日期。
Finally, delivery of cargo without original bills of lading promote the development of shipping in a way in practice, it has reasonability in existence. chapter three is writer ' s study for 10 leading cases of chinese maritime court and court of cassation concerning delivery of cargo without original bills of lading, writer conclude as follows : chinese courts are inclined to regard it as breach of contract but not in tort in judicial practice ; chinese courts allow the plaintiff to choose to sue in tort or of breach ; chinese courts have abandoned the viewpoint of " who holder the bills who must have the right to sue " or " who holder the bills who must win the case " ; and in many cases concerning delivery of cargo without original bills of lading, the court ignored plaintiff ' s actions against the carrier, it proved that carrier can escape reasonability of delivery of cargo without original bills of lading in some cases
第三章論述我國海事法院及其上級法院就無
單放貨案件審理的司法審判實踐研究,通過對十個法院判例的分析、歸納,筆者認為,在司法實踐中,法院越來越傾向于將無
單放貨糾紛視為運輸合同糾紛處理,而不認定為侵權行為糾紛;法院允許原告起訴時以侵權起訴或違約起訴作出選擇;法院對
提單持有人的訴權認定,已經不採用「誰持有
提單誰就有訴權」與「誰持有
提單就能保證勝訴」的觀點;有諸多的無
單放貨的訴訟案例以被法院駁回起訴為結局,證明了無
單放貨在特定情況下的合理性以及承運人有避免承擔責任的可能性。
Charter party b / l and third party documents are acceptable
接受租船
提單以及第三方的
單據
Third party, short from, and chartered party b / l bill not acceptable
不接受第三方
提單,簡式
提單,租船
提單
On lexical characteristics and translation of bill of lading and charter party
提單和租約的詞匯特點及翻譯探討
Additional instructions : 47a 1. charter party b / l and third party documents are acceptable
租賃
提單和第三受益人文件可以接受。
In a cif contract title to the goods is conditionally transferred to the buyer on delivery of the bill of lading.
在CIF契約中,貨物的產權于交付
提單時有條件地轉移給買方。
Full set of clean shipped on board ocean bill of lading / airway bill / truck receipt marked freight prepaid / collect drawn on or endorsed to the order of export import bank of bangladesh limted notify applicant and us
注名已裝船的一式三份海運
提單/空運
提單/注名運費預付/並由出口方或者是進口方背書,不準確的還請更正,謝謝
Inland fee before shipment rmb1500 / 40 ’ hq including booking fee, thc, clearance fee and trucking fee, will be paid by part b to part a at ningbo before the b / l is issued to part b
寧波內陸費rmb1500 / 40 』 hq ,此費用包括訂艙費,報關費,拖車費和起運港thc ,乙方需在簽
提單前支付給甲方。
Order of consignee company order of bank
此種提單通過指示人背書后可以轉讓