換向系數 的英文怎麼說
中文拼音 [huànxiàngxìshǔ]
換向系數
英文
commutation factor-
On character extraction, the thesis regards handwriting images as texture images, and excogitates analyzing handwriting images with ( 2, 10 ) integer - to - integer wavelet transform innovatively, that is, analyzing texture images with ( 2, 10 ) integer - to - integer wavelet transform mainly, and denoting eigenvectors of handwriting images with integer - to - integer wavelet coefficients, the thesis defines an 18 - dimension eigenvector. ( 2, 10 ) integer - to - integer wavelet transform can extract the high pass of images effectively, high pass is the details of images, and analysis of texture images is mainly for the details
在筆跡圖像的特徵提取上，文章把筆跡圖像當作紋理圖像來看待，創新地提出用（ 2 ， 10 ）整數小波變換來分析筆跡圖像，即主要用（ 2 ， 10 ）整數小波變換分析紋理圖像，用紋理圖像的整數小波系數來表徵筆跡圖像的特徵向量，文章定義了一個18維的特徵向量。 （ 2 ， 10 ）整數小波變換能夠很好地提取圖像的高頻部分，高頻部分在圖像中表現為細節，而對紋理圖像的分析主要是對細節的分析。The thermal visualizations of jet impingement cooling with single or double row holes inside semi - enclosed channel are measured by using infrared camera and then the impingement cooling heat transfer coefficients are deduced. the effects of flow and geometry parameters on convective heat coefficients are obtained. the results show that : for a single row normal impingement, the impingement cooling effectiveness is enhanced with the increase of impinging reynolds number or the decrease of hole space to diameter ratio, and the best effectiveness is achieved under the jet - to - surface spacing equals to 2 ; when the jet is oblique to the confined wall, the cooling effectiveness is weaken especially under the jet - to - surface spacing ratio is greater than 2 ; for double rows normal impingement cooling, the cooling effectiveness of rear row jet is weaker than the front row under lower impinging reynolds number or bigger jet - to - surface spacing
對于單排垂直射流，沖擊冷卻效果隨射流雷諾數的增加、孔間距與直徑比的減小而得到提高，沖擊間距比為2時換熱效果最好;沖擊孔中心線向通道封閉一側傾斜后，射流沖擊冷卻的范圍變窄，當沖擊間距比大於2時駐點區的對流換熱能力明顯降低;對于雙排沖擊射流，孔排間距與直徑比的增加使沖擊冷卻范圍變大，但在兩排孔之間區域的對流換熱系數有所下降;在較小的沖擊射流雷諾數和較大的沖擊間距比下，後排射流的沖擊換熱效果要遜於前排射流。To meet the demands for large space and flexible compartmentation of buildings, laminated vierendeel trusses are adopted in high - position transfer story structures. first the bearing characteristics are analyzed, in which reasonable stiffness ratio of the upper chord, middle chord, and lower chord is derived. then combined with an actual engineering model ( 1 8 similar ratio ), the static loading and pseudo - dynamic tests of two models for laminated vierendeel truss used in transfer story structures are conducted, in which one model adopts reinforced concrete, and the other adopts prestressed concrete and shape steel concrete. seismic behaviors are analyzed, including inter - story displacement, base shear - displacement skeleton curves, and equivalent viscosity - damping curves. a program is programmed to carry out the elasto - plastic dynamic analysis, and displacement time - history curves of the two models are derived. the test and analysis results show that the laminated vierendeel truss with prestressed concrete and shape steel concrete has excellent seismic behaviors. it can solve the disadvantages of laminated vierendeel trusses used in transfer story structures. finally, some design suggestions are put forward, which can be referenced by similar engineering
為滿足建築物大空間和靈活隔斷要求，在高位轉換層結構中採用迭層空腹桁架結構.首先分析了其受力性能，得出了空腹桁架各構件合理的截面剛度以及布局形式.然後結合一實際工程，進行了兩榀迭層空腹桁架轉換結構模型（ 1 : 8相似比）的豎向荷載下靜力試驗以及擬動力試驗.其中一榀為普通混凝土迭層空腹桁架，另一榀配置了預應力和鋼骨混凝土，對比分析了兩模型的層間位移比、骨架曲線以及等效粘質阻力系數等抗震性能的比較，並進行了彈塑性動力分析.試驗和分析結果表明，配置預應力和型鋼混凝土的迭層空腹桁架轉換結構具有良好的抗震性能，可以成功地解決迭層空腹桁架作為轉換層結構所產生的弊端問題，最後對這類轉換層結構提出了相應的設計建議A method of face detection based on support vector machine ( svm ) is put forward. the features are extracted by applying the discrete cosine transform ( dct ) to the preprocessing image. the dct coefficients are inputted to the svm and the svm are trained using the cropped face samples and the " bootstrapping non - face " samples
對預處理后的圖像進行離散餘弦變換提取特徵，取dct系數作為支持向量機的輸入，將經過裁剪的「人臉」樣本與「自舉」方法得到的「非人臉」樣本一起用來訓練支持向量機。In this paper, some characteristics of flow movement and sediment transport are analyzed by using the flume experiment data. the cross section of compound channel can be divided into four regions : the undisturbed region in main channel, the interactive region between channel and plain, the undisturbed region in flood plain and the boundary region. in the undisturbed regions, the distribution of longitudinal velocity along the depth has the feature of lograithmic. whereas, in the interactive region, the longitudinal velocity does not obey the logarithmic distribution law, but it can expressed as a revised logarithmic function by using a wake function. on the basis of the kinematic equation the velocity distribution of transverse velocity is obtained. in the boundary region, the longitudinal velocity obeys the law of parabolic distribution. furthermore, according to the simplified diffusion equation, the transverse distribution of sediment concentration in the interactive region is deduced. the analysis is in good agreement with the measured data
本文根據漫灘水流的運動特點，將漫灘水流的復式斷面分為主槽平衡區、灘槽交互區、灘地平衡區及邊壁區等4個區，並給出了各區寬度的經驗公式.根據灘槽交互區垂線流速分佈的變化特點，提出了附加尾流函數的對數流速分佈公式.在簡化水流運動方程和泥沙擴散方程的基礎上，對灘槽交互區內垂線平均流速及含沙量沿橫向分佈進行了理論分析，提出了反映灘槽水流動量交換強度的橫向渦量粘性系數及橫向擴散系數的表達式，得到了漫灘水流垂線平均流速及含沙量沿橫向分佈的解析解，並與實測資料吻合較好In chapter 9 we summarize the whole paper, and explain the shortages of this paper and problems to further study. main conclusions of this paper are as follows : the first, state - owned funds have always been predominant in venture capital sources in china, and this caused the " government - operated model " which leads to excessive government ' s interferes and distorted venture capital contracts ; the second, limited partnership contract is better than incorporated company contract, because the former has obvious advantages in not only encouragement and controls, but also in investors " profits. however, this paper insists, incorporated company contracts will still be very popular in the near future because limited partnership still be illegal in most provinces of china ; the third, venture capitalists " share of profits in compensation clause of fundraising contracts is influenced by investors " attitude towards difficulties and obstacles of future investment
本文研究的主要結論：第一，在我國風險資本來源中，政府風險資本一直居於主導地位，這造就了我國風險投資的「官辦官營」模式，使其契約機制從一開始就帶有「行政干預」的烙印；第二，有限合夥契約在約束機制、激勵機制、投資者收益三個方面都明顯優于公司制契約，因此是我國風險融資契約的發展方向，但由於有限合夥在我國受到法律限制，公司制契約在一定時期內仍是我國風險融資契約的主要形式；第三，融資契約報酬條款中的激勵系數受主體先驗概率影響，借鑒有限合夥契約，可對我國公司制融資契約進行改造與重構；第四，與債權契約、普通股契約相比，可轉換優先股契約可以有效緩解風險投資過程中的信息不對稱、降低代理成本，因此是我國風險投資契約的最優選擇。Mean, stddev, heterogeneity coefficient and fraction dimension are the indices for evaluating the scaling method in object - oriented image analysis. the change trend of these indices corresponding to segmentation scales is used to judge the validity. in this thesis, object - oriented image analysis is introduced fully
6 .提出可以用影像對象的均值、標準差、異質性系數與分形維數作為評價面向對象尺度轉換的指標，根據這四個指標隨尺度的變化趨勢分析尺度轉換方法的合理性。Thirdly, it simulated the pumping circuit & dividing circuit with the widely used software matlab / simulink. the displacement of the rod piston and the impact of hydraulic are analyzed in the different input flow ( frequency of pump ) and different reversing time. it found out the cause of hydraulic impact ( one - to - one incorrespondence between the response time of dividing circuit and the operation time of rod piston ), and gave some methods to weaken hydraulic impact. in the final part of the paper, the reliability of the theory analysis is further verified by the experiment of hydraulic system
首先在流變學原理的基礎上，深入分析混凝土在輸送管道內的流動狀態，得出混凝土泵的負載特性方程；然後根據功率鍵合圖的建模方法，建立泵送迴路和分配迴路的數學模型，並運用模擬軟體matlab simulink對泵送和分配迴路模型進行了模擬，分析了在不同的輸入流量（泵送頻率）和換向時間下，活塞桿的位移和系統的液壓沖擊情況，找到了引起液壓沖擊的根本原因（即分配迴路的響應時間（固定值）與活塞桿的運動時間（變化值）不相匹配） ，並提出了相應的改進方法。We think that the indirect exchange is in relation to the magnetic field, and gain the coefficient relevant to the applied field. the result calculated using the coefficient is in good agreement with the experimental result. that also further perfects the theory of the microscopic mechanism of leading to the anisotropy of ergag
研究認為間接交換作用的大小與外磁場的大小有關，得到了和外磁場有關的系數，由此計算的磁化強度特性曲線與實驗值符合情況有所改善，進一步完善了導致ergag磁性各向異性產生的微觀機制。Dropwise condensation heat transfer coefficient on the horizontal circular surface with radial gradient surface energy
圓形徑向梯度表面能材料表面的凝結換熱系數Based on the review, the fluid flow and heat transfer in the curved circular and rectangular pipes have been researched by employing perturbation method and numerical simulation with a physical model under the rotational orthogonal curvilinear coordinate in a rotating curvilinear pipe with multi - parameters. we firstly analyzed the fully developed fluid flow and heat transfer, mixed convection heat transfer, the development of flow and heat transfer in the inlet in different cross section ( circular, elliptical, annular and rectangular crossection ). the variations of the secondary flow, axial velocity, distribution of temperature, the friction force on the wall, the ratio of friction factor as well as the nusselt number with different dimensionless parameters had been examined in detailed
本文在總結和分析了一個世紀以來有關曲線管道流動和換熱特性的研究成果的基礎上，以旋轉正交曲線坐標系統下的多參數旋轉螺旋管道中的對流傳熱為物理模型，通過攝動方法和有限體積法，首次對各種截面（圓截面、橢圓截面、環形截面、矩形截面）旋轉曲線管道內充分發展流動的流動結構和傳熱特性（包括耦合對流傳熱特性）以及旋轉曲線管道開口段發展流動的流動結構和換熱特性進行了系統的數值模擬和理論分析，詳細討論了各種無量綱參數對管道內軸向速度分佈、二次流結構、溫度分佈、壁面摩擦力、摩擦系數比以及管道nusselt數的影響，獲得了若干創新性成果。In the tidal estuary, the current is complex, and the flow is oscillatory. some experiential formulation has presented to calculate the vertical turbulent mixing coefficient. on the base of analysis of the hydrodynamic in the estuary, the theoretical equation, which describes the distribution of the space and time of vertical turbulent exchange coefficient, has developed, the equation has applied to the practice
潮汐河口水流呈往復振蕩運動，本文在分析潮汐河口水動力特性基礎上，考慮了慣性力及重力等項的影響，通過理論推導得到潮汐河口垂向紊動交換系數的空間分佈及時間分佈的計算公式，以及垂向平均紊動交換系數的時間分佈的計算公式，並將其應用於潮汐河口的實際計算中。By using ncep / ncar reanalysis data of height and wind, the inter - monthly lpac map, the climate lapc map, inter - annual anomaly map and mean variance map of monthly wind field of 850 and 500hpa and monthly height field of 850, 500, 150, 30hpa are calculated in a globe - belt area, which situates between 30 s and 75 n, from december 1957 to december 1997, according them we analysis the rule of the season transfer and anomaly of nh mean circulation. the results show that the climate map of lapc can describe the seasonal transfer process of large scale circulation better. the advance process of summer circulation establish is form south to north at the middle and lower level of the troposphere, that is reflected primly in the inter - monthly wind and pressure map of lapc ; at lower lever of stratosphere, the establish process is simulate to that of troposphere, and reflect of process of that the south asia high toward plateau ; at middle stratosphere the summer circulation establish begins at middle and high latitude initially, and then transmits to low latitude gradually, while the seasonal variability in mid - stratosphere is stronger than it in troposphere and low - stratosphere
利用ncep ncar再分析高度場和風場資料，計算了30 s 75 n球帶區域1957年12月至1997年12月逐月850 、 500hpa風場及850 、 500 、 150 、 30hpa高度場月際局地型相似系數圖、多年平均圖（即氣候lpac圖） 、年際異常圖及均方差圖，在此基礎上，分析了北半球平均環流季節轉換及其異常的規律。分析表明，氣候局地型相似系數圖較好地給出了大尺度環流季節轉換發生的過程：在對流層中、下部，風、壓場月際局地型相似系數圖清楚地反映了夏季型環流建立由南向北的推進過程；低平流層夏季型環流的建立與對流層接近，其中，南亞高壓上高原過程有明顯反映：中平流層，夏季型環流的建立明顯表現為從中、高緯度開始，逐步向低緯傳播的特徵，且變化較對流層和低平流層明顯。The discussing process follows the steps below : first, suppose the system ( 1 ) has only one finite singular point ( 0, 0 ). then we can assume b50 = 0, which special direction is determined by equation g ( 0 ) - 0, introduce poincare transformation to discuss infinite singular points, according to the coefficient conditions, list all possible infinite singular points and special directions, judging their type, drawing out all kinds of phase portraits
本文主要內容為：一、假設系統（ 1 ）只有唯一的有限遠奇點（ 0 ， 0 ） ，則不妨設b _ （ 50 ） = 0 ，其特殊方向由示性方程g （ ） = 0給出，引進poincare變換研究無窮遠奇點，再根據各定理中的系數條件，列出系統所有可能的無窮遠奇點和特殊方向，並判斷其類型，由此畫出系統的各種可能的全局相圖。4. adopting changing coefficient research our country district industrial structure change direction to the industry, his conclusion is : the industrial structure that our country majority were economized the area constantly changes to seniorization
4 、採用對產業轉換變動系數研究我國地區產業結構轉換方向，其結論是：我國大多數省區的產業結構不斷向高級化轉化。Based on the established three - dimensional physical model, simplified terms, specified material parameters in thermal and physical properties, boundary conditions, and the calculation method of heat convection of cooling water, the numerical simulation and analysis on steady - state temperature field for continuous unidirectional solidification of niti shape memory alloy wire billets were proceeded under the condition of different combined parameters using ansys finite - element software
在建立三維物理模型以及確定材料熱物性參數、邊界條件與冷卻水對流換熱系數計算方法的基礎上，採用ansys有限元軟體對不同參數組合條件下鎳鈦形狀記憶合金線坯連續定向凝固的穩態溫度場進行了數值模擬。Fist we resarch local wall temperature ouside and inside of tube, local fluid temperature inside and outside of tube, local heat flux inside and outside of tube, local coefficient of convective heat transfer inside and ouside of tube along the tube axial direction
首先研究在這兩種情況下管內（外）壁溫、管內（外）流溫、管內（外）壁面局部熱流密度、管內（外）局部對流換熱系數沿管子軸向的變化。Film cooling of the surface of a gas turbine blade was studied in a large - scale low - speed opening wind tunnel according to actual requirement of the design of aero - engine. the surface of a gas turbine blade was cooled by cylindrical holes in the experiment, with the hole number of fifteen in stator and eight in rotor
應航空發動機設計的要求，在大尺寸低速葉柵傳熱風洞中分別對發動機渦輪導向葉片和動葉表面的氣膜冷卻特性進行了研究，具體研究在不同氣膜孔出流時，在不同主流雷諾數和吹風比情況下葉片表面局部換熱系數的分佈規律。The observation vectors are obtained from the dct coefficients
觀察向量序列由離散餘弦變換（ dct ）系數獲得。By analyzed a number of experiment, the criterion to define type of vehicles, the side and vertical direction feature to road place occupied by vehicles which are traveling as well as the fixed quantity to describe the relationship to each other are determined. at last, the pce of different traveling conditions are also put forward
最後，通過大量實驗分析，研究確定了車輛的分型標準、汽車在運行過程中道路作用空間的側向和縱向特性及其相互關系的定量數值，推算出了基於不同交通運行條件下的車輛當量換算系數。分享友人