收入約束 的英文怎麼說

中文拼音 [shōurùyāoshù]
收入約束 英文
income constraint
  • 收 : Ⅰ動詞1 （把攤開的或分散的事物聚集、合攏） put away; take in 2 （收取） collect 3 （收割） harvest...
  • 入 : Ⅰ動詞1 （進來或進去） enter 2 （參加） join; be admitted into; become a member of 3 （合乎） conf...
  • 約 : 約動詞[口語] （用秤稱） weigh
  • 束 : Ⅰ動詞1 （捆; 系） bind; tie 2 （控制; 約束）control; restrain Ⅱ量詞（用於捆在一起的東西） bundle;...
  • 收入 : 1 （收進來的錢） income; revenue; receipts; gainings; earning; gross; proceeds; takings 2 （收進...
  • 約束 : keep within bounds; restrain; bind; bound; boundage;tie; restraint; restriction; engagement; repr...
  1. The expansion agents can only make up the shrinkage to some extent, and the compensation effects would be reduced when the retardener and fly - ash are used. the expansion agents are not panaceas to avoid the shrinkage cracking as expansion can also reduce the concrete soundness. under bad curing condition, the polypropylene fibrillated film fiber can improve concrete ' s anti - crarking property, while the nominal steels have very unobvious effects. to reduce the concrete shrinkage thus avoid the cracking, the former factors must all be taken into account in concrete proportion design to develop sound concrete

    研究結果表明，水泥的品種和用量是影響混凝土收縮值的主要因素之一，當混凝土中水泥用量超過470kg / m ~ 3時，混凝土的收縮值超過400 10 ~ （ - 6 ） ，在約束狀態下存在高開裂風險；採用細砂使混凝土單位用水量顯著提高，收縮值也大幅增加；優質粉煤灰總體上能抑制混凝土的收縮，以超量方式摻入其抑制作用更加明顯，但粉煤灰混凝土早期的粘聚性較差，應注意養護，以免失水產生龜裂；早強減水劑和緩凝減水劑都會使混凝土收縮值增加；膨脹劑只能補償混凝土部分收縮，同時受緩凝劑和粉煤灰的抑制，而且膨脹使混凝土的體積安定性增加了不確定因素，膨脹劑不是解決混凝土收縮裂縫的良方。
  2. To solve this contradiction we introduce the polarization track restriction and calculate the biggest scr ( ratio of signal to clutter ) of coherently and incoherently reflected waves

    為了解決這一矛盾引入了極化軌道約束條件，計算了在極化軌道約束下相干情況和非相干情況下共極化通道最大接收功率與極化狀態的關系。
  3. They are : reinforce government budget restriction ; consummate the system of public finance of education ; add the sources of income of public finance of education ; reform the means of education grants ; improve the administration of education expenditure

    主要包括：強化政府預算約束；完善教育財政體制；拓寬教育財政的收入來源；改進教育撥款方式；提高教育財政管理效率。
  4. The interior risk control mechanism in commercial bank is the basis of banking supervision and stability of financial system. we should introduce modern instrument measuring financial risks : var ; take advantage of accurate and overall index measuring achievement : raroc ; form multilayer risk control mechanism with the nature of incentive compatibility constraint ; and boost each branch, each level of institution and each staff to concern bank ' s revenue and risk simultaneously

    銀行內部風險控制機制是銀行監管和金融體系穩定的基礎，通過引入現代金融風險計量工具： var （在險價值） ，利用準確、全面的績效考核指標： raroc （風險調整資本收益率） ，在銀行內部構建起具有激勵相容約束性質的多層次風險控制機制，調動各類部門、各級機構、各個職員的既關心收益又關心風險的積極性。
  5. By using dta, ir and xrd analysis, the result show that : in the gel glass of these two system, the phase change of the zirconia and the alumina are restricted because of the high content of silica which leads to the stabilization of the prepared materials. and the applications of these two materials is introduced briefly. by using absorption spetrum and fluorescence spetra analysis, the result show that : in the gel glass of the nd - doped sio2 - al2o3 gel bulk glass - ceramic, the strongest emmision is at about 1. 06u m, the clustering of nd3 + ion is controlled by the addition of alumina which creates the " cage effect " to nd3 + ion

    同時分別對凝膠進行了dta 、 ir 、 xrd分析，結果表明：對於此兩個系統的凝膠玻璃-陶瓷，由於二氧化硅含量較高，使得氧化鋯及氧化鋁的相變受到約束，從而保證所制備材料的穩定化，同時對兩種材料的應用也作了簡單介紹；對摻釹sio _ 2 - al _ 2o _ 3激光玻璃-陶瓷進行了熒光及吸收光譜分析，結果表明：釹鋁共摻雜二氧化硅玻璃的最強發射處於1 . 06 m左右，加入的少量氧化鋁使釹離子產生「籠效應」 ，阻止釹的團聚。
  6. Because accident or disease bring about be in hospital, allowance of be in hospital insurance is insurant, insurance company agrees by the contract the standard gives the income that pays insurance gold subsidy to ensure insurance, with the society insurance and insurance of other business medical treatment have nothing to do, also be in be in hospital end hind gives pay

    住院補貼型保險是被保險人因意外或疾病導致住院，保險公司按合同約定標準給付保險金補貼的收入保障保險，與社會保險和其他商業醫療保險無關，也是在住院結束后給付。
  7. Nevertheless, in the past, our financial management always focused on the income management, and on the other hand, in the aspect of the expenditure management, problems coursed by the old system such as disorder of budgets, weak restrictions and low efficiencies of the expenditure had not been submitted to the agenda of reform

    然而，過去我國財政管理的重心一直是收入管理，而在支出管理方面，舊體制所造成的預算不規范，預算軟約束、財政支出效率不高等問題卻一直沒能提上改革議程。
  8. These factors are physical capital, human capital, technology change, the level of specialization and the quantity of farmers. furthermore, on the basic hypothesis that farmers are rational economic men, it points out the negative attitude of farmers on improving these factors is rational choice. the actual land system, social security system and hukou system conduce that the property right of land is instable and difficult to be exchanged, the quantity of farmers is unable to decrease

    本文首先建立了一個簡單的數學模型，考察了直接影響農民農業收入的基本因素，包括：物質資本、人力資本、專業化水平、技術知識和農民數量；進而，從農民是理性經濟人的基本假設出發，指出農民在改進影響農業收入的諸因素方面的消極態度是既定製度約束下的理性選擇? ?現行的農地制度（社會保障制度） 、戶籍制度導致土地產權不穩定、難以流轉和農民數量難以減少，妨礙了土地的規模經營，使農民在物質資本投資、人力資本投資、深化專業化分工、學習和應用技術知識、向城市轉移勞動力方面表現出消極態度。
  9. 5. the increase of wealth would relax the bridle of income, but the gap of wealth go against country consume increase

    財富的積累雖然會放鬆收入對消費的流動性約束，但是財富聚集的不平衡性卻不利於整個社會消費支出的迅速增長。
  10. This essay begins with the special conducts and goals of the managers and the shortcomings of the present income distribution regime, and the executive stock option ( eso ) is then introduced

    首先闡述了國企經營者的特殊行為目標及現行收入分配製度的不合理性，說明了國企經營者激勵與約束機制的重要性，以此為基礎引入經理股票期權機制。
  11. Consequently, in order to optimizing the saving behavior and harmonizing the economy development, it is essential that ( 1 ) to perfect the price system of farm produce in order to improve the level of income of rural residents ; ( 2 ) to safeguard the right of land and social security to reduce the uncertain anticipation ; and ( 3 ) to reconstruct china ' s agricultural credit system to release the restriction of fluidity. the main innovation points in this thesis are as the following. the analysis framework of saving behavior of rural residents has been put up

    因此，為了改善中國農村居民儲蓄行為，加強宏觀經濟調控，必須完善農村市場價格調節機制，保證農村居民收入的穩定增長；為農村居民提供相應的社會保障制度，降低其對未來收入特別是支出方面的預期尤為重要；加強農村公共物品市場體系建設，縮小城鄉以及地區間的收入差距；政府應當重點考慮規范正規金融市場與強化農村正規信貸市場，解決農村居民的流動性約束問題；幫助農村居民確立合理的消費期望，培養農村居民把握消費的自主意識及合理進行消費決策的能力。
  12. The target of financial management ( fm ) is to achieve maximum value of enterprise is made definite, after anaiyzing all kinds of financial relationships. the essence of organization institution for modern enterprise system is agency by agreement, which can operate perfectly under the conditions of perfect encouragement & engagement rules, so the core of the encouragement & engagement rules for new fmm is to establish distribution regulations. there are many measures can be taken availably, such as budgeting, project cost management etc. and many new concepts of advanced management are worth being adapted, for instance, opportunity - cost, cost - benefit, legal knowledge, and so fbrth

    新的財務管理模式運行的環境是現代企業制度下的國際工程公司，現代企業制度最基本的要求是產權清晰，鑒于本院是知識技術密集型企業，引入了人力資本觀念，完善和充實產權清晰的內容；在分析了企業的各種財務關系后，明確提出財務管理目標?企業價值最大化；現代企業制度的組織制度的實質是委託代理關系，委託代理關系的有效運作依靠完善的激勵約束機制，以此為指導，新的財務管理模式建立起以分配製度為核心的激勵約束機制；充分吸收先進的管理觀念，如成本效益觀念、資金的時間價值觀念、法制觀念，運用先進的方法，如全面預算管理、項目成本管理等，來全面提高財務管理的水平；財務管理體制是財務管理模式運轉的組織保障；按照本院的業務特點，將業務分類，設置了相應的組織機構。
  13. Empirical analysises on rural education, human capital restriction and peasants ' income

    人力資本約束與農民收入的實證分析
  14. On one hand, from the technique of constrained least squares and limited energy of additive noise, an effective restored approach by adopting regularization method to overcoming ill - posed problem, solving an equation with a single variable, and using space iterative algorithm is proposed ; on the other hand, aiming at the restoration of blurred image, another effective restoration approach based on least - square algorithm is also proposed in this paper. this method firstly adopts increment iterative algorithm to improve convergence and meanwhile applies regularization technique to overcome ill - posed problem. in the computations, the regularized parameter has its adaptive character, which can be determined in terms of the restored image at each iteration step therefore automatically correct to the appropriate value

    一是從約束最小二乘出發，在加性噪聲能量有界的前提下，採用正則化方法來克服病態問題，通過解一個單變量方程，並利用空域迭代運算實現了一種有效的圖像復原;二是針對模糊圖像的復原問題，從最小二乘演算法出發，採用增量迭代的方法改善演算法的收斂性，同時結合正則化技術克服問題的病態性質，並引入自適應的正則化參數，使其與圖像復原的迭代運算同步進行並自動修正到最優值。
  15. Poorer, more credit - constrained people spent a higher share of their rebates

    而且收入越低，信貸約束越緊的人，其花去的退稅款比例越高。
  16. Secondly, the paper analyzes the problems in the disclosure of information generally, and points out that the most serious problem is to begin with the cost and profits according to the theory of information asymmetry and classical economics, based on false disclosing of information ; to reveal the necessary causes of the such behaviors, thus draws the conclusion : the disclosing of false information is the inevitable result of asymmetric information ; while the asymmetry between the cost and the profit is the source of false disclosing. because the asymmetry of information is objective, which can not disappear foe ever, the cost and source principle must be followed, and the institution environment must be depended on to restrain the related subjects behaviors to relieve the asymmetry of information and reduce false disclosing of information. the current imperfect restraint to the institution environment of false disclosing of information has caused the prevalence of it

    然後，在從總體上分析了上市公司信息披露存在的問題並指出當前最關鍵、最嚴重的問題是信息披露虛假的基礎上，從非對稱信息理論和古典經濟學的成本?收益分析入手，分析了上市公司虛假信息披露行為存在的必然原因，並得出結論：虛假信息披露是信息不對稱的必然結果，而與信息披露虛假有關的主體實施行為的成本與收益的不對稱是信息披露虛假的源動力；由於信息不對稱是客觀存在的，永遠不可能消失，因此，只有遵循成本收益原則，靠制度環境來約束相關主體的行為，緩解信息不對稱，減少虛假信息披露的行為；現行的對上市公司信息披露行為約束的制度環境的不完善造成了虛假信息披露的盛行?上市公司法人治理制度是信息披露虛假的深層次原因，而不合理的產權制度是制度環境中最重要、最根本的因素。
  17. To use the experience of other countries and districts for reference, i thorough analyze the possibility of establish the spv under the china current law, tax and accounting circumstances, subsequently bring up the most viable native spv modes, and try to find out the breakthrough of developing asset securitization in china

    本文簡要描述資產證券化的運營過程，繼而重點介紹spv隔離破產風險的原理，並借鑒國外的實踐經驗，深入分析在中國現行法律、稅收和會計制度約束下設立spv的可能性，進而提出最可行的設立模式，試圖找出在中國開展資產證券化的突破口。
  18. As for the effect of income inequality on growth, the dissertation mainly focuses on the mechanism of. income inequality affects the growth. these mechanisms include the saving - investment mechanism, credit constraint mechanism, market size mechanism, and political economy mechanism

    關于收入不均影響經濟增長，本文評述了四種具有代表性的機制：儲蓄投資機制、信貸約束機制、市場規模機制、以及政治經濟機制。
  19. In this project, the author is responsible for the hardware design of fpga and debug of hardware and software. this thesis analyzes the digital signal processing algorithm of the responder and its realization in detail

    論文詳細分析了接收機信號處理演算法在fpga中的硬體實現方案，在提高系統可靠性、穩定性以及fpga約束文件設計方面做了較深入的探討。
  20. 2. current income fluctuation and the stability of permanent income arc emphasized by fujian rural households, they chase a balance of current utility and permanent utility. 3. the bridle of psychological expectation is more important than consume customs for fujian rural households

    對未來收入的心理預期比消費習慣的約束力更為強大，因此，要擴大農村居民的消費支出應考慮如何使農村居民對未來收入有良好的心理預期。
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