收集徵收 的英文怎麼說

中文拼音 [shōujízhǐshōu]
收集徵收 英文
collection
  • 收 : Ⅰ動詞1 （把攤開的或分散的事物聚集、合攏） put away; take in 2 （收取） collect 3 （收割） harvest...
  • 集 : gatherassemblecollect
  • 徵 : 名詞[音樂] （古代五音之一 相當于簡譜的「5」） a note of the ancient chinese five tone scale corre...
  • 收集 : collect; gather
  • 徵收 : collection
  1. The point analyses the composition and efficancy of the structure of corporate governance with the modern administration theory. lt systematically sets forth and compares the features and development of the structure of the corporate governance in chinese and western. by analyzing the present situation of our listing companies, it points out : " the internal control " can be considered the inevitable phenomenon, emerged in the period from the socialism planned economy to the market economy in china ' s state - owned enterprises. by the means of gathering a vast amount of data and analying cases and charts, it gives the conclutions : because the enterprise inform is progressed " step by step ", the internal controlling in our country has assumed its own features : the enterprise is in the concussion between the " super - powerful controp ' of external and the " super - weakly control " in internal. those popular phenomenon have been looked as the principle manifestation of " the internal control " which taking the national stock as the ma in part and holding the post of chainman of the board and the chief manager in company to the same man

    本文利用現代管理理論和現代企業理論來剖析公司治理結構的組成和效率體現，對中西方公司治理結構的特徵和歷史發展作了較系統的闡述和比較，並且運用大量的數據對我國上市公司治理結構進行了實證分析，指出： 「內部人控制」是在我國社會主義經濟向市場經濟轉軌時期，國有企業公司治理結構中出現的一種必然現象。本文在闡述公司治理結構特徵和功效的基礎上，通過大量數據的收集、案例分析和圖表處理來分析我國企業治理結構的歷史變遷並揭示出：由於我國企業改革是「漸進式」的， 「內部人控制」表現出其自身的特點：企業處于外部「超強控制」和「超弱控制」的兩極震蕩中。作為最具我國現代企業代表特徵的上市公司，因為以國家股為持股主體，董事長和總經理兩職兼任的現象甚為普遍而成為目前企業事實上的「內部人控制」的主要表現形式。
  2. The disquisition includes choice of algorithm, accomplish of algorithm, collection of learning sample, parameter of net, shortcoming of bp algorithm, extraction and reduction form line etc. referring to shortcoming of traditional bp algorithm, a modified learning factor with adaptation is introduced. because of every different font has robust, the way based chain coded and knaggy feature is used. a bizarre sample feature database is constructed for speeding up modified bp learning and classification

    本文對人工神經網路理論進行了研究，探討了網路形式及演算法的選擇、演算法的實現、學習樣本的收集、網路參數選擇、 bp演算法缺陷、表格線提取、還原、生成及字元識別、還原生成等問題，並針對bp演算法的缺陷提出了和實現了改進型bp演算法，使網路學習效率提高，對不同人的不同字型字體有較強的魯棒性，採用了基於鏈碼特徵和凹凸分佈特徵的方法來抽取字元特徵。
  3. Collection and conservation of objects of modem history

    試論現代文物的徵集與收藏
  4. Part iiilegal issues upon the reform of toll and tax in countryside this part is concentrated to show six problems that the reform of toll and tax in countryside is to be up against and is to be peremptorily settled as following : the first one, in the confirming of agricultural tax, it is very difficult to protect the farmer ' s rights fairly because of unscientific of the evidence at assessment, highly of tax rate, and the absence of law and statute correlatively ; the second one, on the tax levying, there lack of legal systems that is to supervise and run, especially lack of law and statute which lead to collect agricultural special tax canonically ; the third one, the reform of toll and tax in countryside extrudes unbalance burden among farmers and countries, and lead to unevenly between subject of tax payment, which breaches the legal rule of balanceable tax ; the fourth one, the reform of toll and tax in countryside faces the danger that farmers " burden tends to rebound because of weakly carry through legal rule on tax statutory and absent of law and statute correlatively ; the fifth one, the reform of toll and tax in countryside affects the finance and revenue - expenditure auditing of the grass roots and father affects the grass roots to raise fee upon public construction and education, as a result, there ' s more charge that is out of law, the monocracy of grass roots " finance ought to be carry out ; the sixth one, legal measures connect with the reform of toll and tax in countryside in dire need of to be built, which mainly conclude legal system that adjust country social security, country compulsory education and country debt

    第三部分? ?農村稅費改革的法律課題集中展示了農村稅費改革所面臨且亟待解決的六大法律問題。即：其一，在確定農業稅上，計稅依據不科學、稅率偏高、相關法律規范缺失，無法平等保護農民的合法權益；其二，在農村稅收的徵收上，缺乏行之有效的法律監督和運行機制，尤其是農業特產稅的徵收缺乏保障據實徵收的法律規范;其三，稅費改革凸顯農民之間、農村之間的負擔不均，使納稅主體的權利義務失衡，有悖稅負均衡的法律原則;其四，由於稅收法定主義沒有得到有效貫徹，規制農民負擔反彈方面的法律法規缺位，致使農村稅費改革潛伏著農民負擔反彈的風險;其五，稅費改革影響基層組織的財政收支，進而影響鄉村公益事業建設及教育經費的籌措，引發稅外亂收費沉渣泛起，基層財政體製法治化勢在必行;其六，與稅費改革相關的配套法律措施巫待構建，主要是農村社會保障法律體系、鄉村義務教育和鄉村債務疏導的法律支撐魚待構建與完善。第四部分一一農村稅費改革與相關法律制度的構建基於上一部分提出的法律問題，力圖構築農村稅費改革的法律框架並提出相應對策。
  5. The study was conducted to investigate and collect the rhizobia in pamirs plateau of china : the symbiotic resources with leguminous plants, and analyze the characteristics of their nodules and their resistances to adversities

    摘要對帕米爾高原進行了根瘤菌豆科植物共生資源的調查與收集，分析了根瘤的特徵和根瘤菌的抗逆性。
  6. Based on the data collection, collation, and analysis of the guarantee behavior of 45 listed companies, the paper summed up the characteristics and passible risks of it and from the angle of inside and outside of companies, the paper tries to put forward the corresponding policy

    本文通過對安徽45家上市公司擔保數據的收集、整理、分析，總結出其擔保的特徵及可能引發的風險，並試圖從公司內外兩個視角提出相應的政策建議。
  7. What you contract land belongs to collective all land, " matter right law " following regulation is helpful to you : the 42nd need for public interest, the limits of authority that according to law provides and program can collect collective the building etc of all land and unit, individual is praedial

    你所承包的的土地屬于集體所有的土地， 《物權法》的下列規定對你有幫助：第四十二條為了公共利益的需要，依照法律規定的權限和程序可以徵收集體所有的土地和單位、個人的房屋及其他不動產。
  8. Based on the two ctd data sets from the cruise of the summertime in 2000 and wintertime in 2001 in bohai sea and the collected historic observed thermohaline data, we analyse systemically the distributional characteristics of temperature, salinity and density in wintertime and summertime in the bohai sea and the results reveal that the current hydrologic characteristics of the bohai sea have some obvious variances relative to the previous research results. in summer there are three low - temperature centers in the middle - layer and underlayer of the middle parts of the bohai strait, liaodong bay - mouth and bohai bay - mouth, but there is a uniform high - temperature center in the middle part of the bohai sea. in winter the isotherms extend westward and northward to the bohai sea from the warm core of the bohai strait and a cold - water tongue off the qinhuangdao spreads southeastward out, so the saddle - like isotherm pattern is formed in the middle part of the bohai sea

    利用2000年夏季和2001年冬季渤海兩次ctd資料和以前收集的渤海溫鹽調查資料，分析了渤海冬、夏季溫鹽密度的分佈特徵，結果表明，渤海現有的水文特徵與以往研究結果相比發生了明顯的變異：夏季在渤海海峽、遼東灣口和渤海灣口中部中、下層存在三個低溫中心，在渤海中部則出現一個上下均勻一致的高溫中心；冬季等溫線以渤海海峽暖中心向西和向北兩個方向伸入渤海，而從秦皇島外海有一冷水舌向東南方向伸展，在渤海中部海域形成「馬鞍狀」等溫線結構。
  9. The social insurance surtax levied from the flow tax is regarded as a effective way for floating the fond on social endowment

    在流轉稅中徵收社會保險附加稅，是可持續籌集社會養老保險基金的有效途徑。
  10. Aiming at overcoming such deficiency, this article gives pilot study and discussion on how to realize " distance intelligent instruction system based on web ". through collecting the learning action learning fashion ^ knowledge comprehension information, learning time, test result and many other factors dynamically and putting these factors analyzed by self feed back system, then, after deducing, we can get learning ability, learning character, learning effect and some other results quickly, these results are sources to form learning content dynamically in order to meet the requirements of individual education

    針對以上不足，本論文對如何實現「基於web的遠程智能學習系統」進行了初步研究、探討，通過動態收集學生的學習動作、學習方式、知識理解情況、學習時間、考試情況等諸多因素，經過自反饋系統的分析、推理，快速獲得學習者的學習能力、學習特徵、學習效果等反饋結果，為滿足個性化學習、動態形成最適合該學生的學習內容提供依據。
  11. It ' s reflected in four aspects : teaching target, teaching resources, teaching tactics and teaching assessment. the determination of teaching contents is the emphasis, and the teaching contents is determined by teaching target ; the collection of material ( teaching resources ) is the difficulty - compose a script after making a careful study of the teaching material, then collect the material according to the script ; teaching tactics are embodied by the determination of information form and by the way in which the contents accord with the form so as to get the best result in teaching ; making teaching assessment guarantees the quality of the software. in the early making period, the original model method of system engineering is adopted to produce small experimental courseware and a further revision and improvement are made in consultation with some experts. also an agreement on the demand of the software system is reached. in the later making period, the software is appraised by experts from its stability, serviceability reasonableness of construction, and the scientific nature of contents, then it is put into use as an experiment. finally those who use it are required to fill the teaching feedback table

    教學設計理論是靈魂，它貫穿于整個軟體編制過程，從四個方面來體現：教學目標、教學資源、教學策略、教學評價。教學內容的確定是重點，根據教學目標來確定教學內容；素材的收集（教學資源）是難點，在鉆研教材的基礎上撰寫腳本，根據腳本去收集素材；教學策略體現在信息形式的確定，以及如何使內容與形式協調一致，達到教學最優化的效果；而進行教學評價是本軟體質量的保證，在軟體的製作的初期，採用系統工程論的原型模型法，開發出實驗性小課件，在徵求專家的意見的基礎上進一步修改、完善、確認軟體系統的需求併到達一致的理解，在軟體製作的後期，再請專家從軟體的穩定性、可操作性、結構的合理性、內容的科學性等方面進行鑒定，最後將軟體作實驗性投入使用，再讓實驗對象填寫教學反饋信息表。
  12. This paper tries to have some innovations in the following aspects : ( 1 ) the main cause of our tax revenue depending mainly on turnover tax is short of innovation in system ; ( 2 ) it ' s innovation in system to impel the rising of income tax in developed counties, which is a good example for us to learn from in the optimization of our tax structure ; ( 3 ) the main function of turnover and income tax should be separated according to their characters ; ( 4 ) the reforms in turnover and income tax should be taken simultaneously, congenially and complementally, although the former will be more progressive while the later more abrupt ; ( 5 ) the essential function of tax is to raise revenue, but its fair - promoting effect is much more obvious in disbursing than in collecting

    本文力求在以下幾個方面有所創新： （ 1 ）認為我國稅種收入過度依賴流轉稅的主要原因是制度創新力度不夠； （ 2 ）認為制度創新是推動發達國家所得稅從弱到強的主要原因，提出我國稅種結構優化需要在制度上大膽創新； （ 3 ）提出根據各個稅種的特性，流轉稅和所得稅的主要功能應有所分工； （ 4 ）流轉稅和所得稅的改革應雙管齊下，以漸進的方式改革流轉稅，以突變的方式改革所得稅，分工協作，優勢互補； （ 5 ）提出稅收的主要功能是籌集收入，稅收在徵收環節在促進結果公平方面效果甚微，稅收在支出環節更能有效促進結果公平。
  13. If the holding company is situated in an offshore area where there are no income or corporation taxes and no requirement that dividends must be paid, then the profits which are accumulated in the tax free climate can be used to fund the requirement of subsidiaries or reinvested as business convenience suggests

    集團公司的利息支付有可能需支付預扣稅（預扣稅往往不同於通常徵收的公司稅） 。因為稅收的緣故，所付的利息必須是一筆可以扣除的費用，由此公司集團可以更好地節省稅款。
  14. Using gazetters, stelae from pools and oral matreials collected during field research, this eassy examines the pools in north china since ming and qing dynasties, it also points out that digging pool and saving up rainwater is an effective form to solution water shortage in some regions where water resources are difficulty, pools are a remarkable spectacle in northern settlement

    摘要本文利用地方志，田野調查收集的水池碑刻、口述資料，對明清時期北方地區的水池進行了研究，認為開鑿水池集蓄自然降水是解決缺水地區民生用水困難的有效形式，水池人文景觀構成北方行聚落顯著的外部特徵。
  15. Some 3, 000 people have been employed by the french construction giant eiffage, which holds the right to draw a toll for the next 75 years

    法國建築業巨頭埃法日集團共雇傭了大約3千人參與施工，並將擁有今後75年的通行稅徵收權。
  16. The greatest discovery of hubble was probably the observation of a featureless region for ten consecutive days to collect the dimmest light. unexpectedly, the remotest and earliest galaxies showed up

    哈勃最大的發現，可能是它連續十天拍攝一個沒有甚麼特徵的天區，以收集最微弱的光線。
  17. It is extremely feasible and urgent for designers to build better city integrated parks which can more satisfy people ’ s behavioral desires. collected interrelated data with sociology research methods, and understood people ’ s behavioral and mental characteristics, the thesis appraise existing comprehensive parks using the system of post occupation evaluation basing on city park users ’ appraisal opinion, and put forward optimized suggestions

    論文主要採用使用狀況評價（ poe ）方法，運用社會學研究方法收集有關資料，了解公園使用者的行為及心理特徵，在綜合使用者評價意見的基礎上對公園環境進行使用后評估，並為創造使用者滿意的公園環境提出相關優化建議。
  18. ( 1 ) for methodological syncretization of emi and km, existing reference architectures ( ras ) do not clearly reflect the level characteristics of enterprise knowledge and its organization and application modes. ( 2 ) for enterprise knowledge capture and application, existing enterprise modeling methods face the dilemma of how to facilitate friendly collaboration and communication between system analysts / developers and enterprise staffs, and how to help system analysts / developers utilize model knowledge to carry out effective quantitative analysis. ( 3 ) for knowledge re - use, it lacks powerful knowledge repository systems for enterprise model re - use and corresponding mechanisms for knowledge extraction, classification and index

    目前國內外關于該方向的研究尚處于起步階段，有許多問題亟待解決，主要表現在：在企業集成與知識管理的方法論融合方面，現有參考體系結構沒有很好地反映出企業知識的層次特徵及其組織、應用方式；在企業知識的收集與應用方面，現有企業建模方法在如何促進系統分析設計人員與企業人員進行友好的合作與交流和如何幫助系統分析設計人員利用模型知識進行有效的定量分析這兩個問題上存在著矛盾；在知識重用方面，缺乏面向企業模型重用的功能完備的知識庫系統及相應的知識提煉和分類檢索機制，能夠被業界廣泛接受的參考模型尚不多見；在建立面向企業集成的基於知識的系統方面，尚沒有很好地解決知識的形式化表示問題，缺乏用於描述企業深層知識的形式化建模手段。
  19. Technology - intensive and knowledge - intensive enterprises or those with a total investment of more than us $ 30, 000, 000 and a long term to recover their investment, may be allowed a 15 % reduction in income tax

    三、外商投資興辦生產性企業，凡屬技術密集、知識密集型項目或外商投資額在3000萬美元以上、回收期長的項目，經批準，可減按15 %的稅率徵收企業所得稅。
  20. With the cases which are retlising to accept admirlistrative punishment, refusing to accept administratix / e coercive measures, retlising to accei ) t the resolution, issued by admin1strative organs, for changing, terminat1ng or disso1vlng some certiticate, retlising t ( ] accept the resolution, issued by administrative organs, for confirming the ownership or utilize ol natural resources. considering the fact that administrative organs infring rlghts of the aut ( ) nomous management, considering the tac1 the thrm contract is changed, abolished ( ) r interfered by administrative organs. considering adminlstrativc organs illegall } levy propertives, apportioned charges, collect capitais, or demand perform1ng other duties, considering administrative orga11s, according to the lau ", shouid issue some certificates or sanction, register some other things which have n ' t be ( : n done, applying administrative organs for performing some legal duties which have n ' t been pefformed, applying adrninistrative organs for issuing consolations, social insurances or the lowest funds of life which have n ' t been issued and considering the concrete administrative conduct of administrative organs infringes other ll legitimate rights and interests

    本文運有我國有關法學理論，並結合《行政復議法》的相關規定，對行政復議范圍進行了分析和研究，其中第二章對具體行政行為的復議范圍進行了分析，包括：不服行政處罰決定的行政案件：不服行政強制措施的行政案件；不服行政機關變更、終止、撤銷有火證書的決定的案件；不服行政機關確認自然資源的所有權或者使用權的決定的案件；認為行政機關侵犯合法的經營自主權的案件；認為行政機關變更、廢止或者干涉簽訂農業承包合同，侵犯其合法權益的案件；認為行政機關違法徵收財物、攤派費用、強行集資或者違法要求履行其他義務的案件；認為符合法定條件，申請行政機關頒發有關證書或者審批、登記有關事項但行政機關沒有依法辦理的案件；申請行政機關履行某些法定職責，行政機關沒行依法履行的案件；申請行政機關依法發放撫恤金、社會保險金或者最低生活保障費，行政機關沒有依法發放的案件；認為行政機關的其他具體行政行為侵犯其合法權益的案件等。
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