政治機會結構 的英文怎麼說

中文拼音 [zhèngzhìjīkuàijiēgòu]
政治機會結構 英文
political opportunity structure
  • 政 : 名詞1 （政治） politics; political affairs 2 （國家某一部門主管的業務） certain administrative as...
  • 治 : Ⅰ動詞1 （治理） rule; administer; govern; manage 2 （醫治） treat （a disease）; cure; heal 3 （...
  • 機 : machineengine
  • 會 : 會構詞成分
  • 結 : 結動詞（長出果實或種子） bear （fruit）; form （seed）
  • 構 : Ⅰ動詞1 （構造; 組合） construct; form; compose 2 （結成） fabricate; make up 3 （建造; 架屋） bui...
  • 政治 : politicspolitical affairs
  • 機會 : chance; opportunity
  • 結構 : 1 （各組成部分的搭配形式） structure; composition; construction; formation; constitution; fabric;...
  1. 2 ) the principal factors result in earning management include : clientage - agent model, debt covenant, political cost covenant, asymmetrical information, accounting policy, faultiness of accounting standard and accounting system

    盈餘管理形成機制的主要因素包括：委託代理關系、債務契約關系、政治成本假設、非對稱信息存在、會計政策選擇、會計準則和會計制度的不完善、信息披露制度不完善、上市公司治理結構等。
  2. We conclude that the impact of transaction cost on the institutions for control is paramount because political actors can strategically design structure, procedures, and norm in order to mitigate their informational disadvantages and to enfranchise important constituencies into the regulatory process, thereby increasing the likelihood of obtaining desired policy outcomes from the agency

    本文結論發現，交易成本對管制機構受政治控管的程度具有關鍵性的影響，而政治監督機構也會藉由制度結構設計、行政程序規?或特許授權等策略方式來彌補其在委代關系中的資訊劣勢情況，並避免管制行政機構的脫?行為。
  3. Complying with the national environment - protection industry policies, this dissertation applies the strategy management theories for modern enterprises, gives an overall swot analysis on the outer conditions inclusive of the social and cultural condition, the political and law condition, the economic and technical condition as well as the competitive condition and the inner conditions inclusive of the company " s background and its present situation, the incorporative structure and culture, the nuclear strength and resources confronting the company. based on this, it proposes the development strategy scheme for nte and further discusses its concerning application and control precautions. the study on the development strategy for nte enables it achieve the dynamic balance among the outer and inner conditions it faces and its managerial target even though it is in the sophisticated situations so as to ensure its ever lasting development

    本文圍繞國家環保節能產業政策，通過運用現代企業戰略管理理論，對企業所面臨的外部環境（包括社會文化、政治法律、經濟和技術環境、行業及其競爭環境）和內部環境（包括企業背景現狀、組織結構、企業文化、企業核心能力及資源）的機會、威脅、優勢、劣勢進行深入分析的基礎上，提出新能公司的發展戰略方案，並進一步探討戰略方案的實施與控制通過對新能公司發展戰略的研究，使企業在復雜多變的內外環境條件下，保證企業外部環境、內部條件和經營目標三者之間的動態平衡，從而保證企業可持續發展。
  4. It is thought in the fourth part that mechanism and substance are the priorities of creation, and some bold explores have been made or discussed : 1 ) to build organizable leading mechanism with the connection of unity and division in order to guarantee the content systemization ; 2 ) to build educational mechanism facing the social reality for the purpose of keeping its content hot pots ; 3 ) to construct the network of educational mechanism according to times " demand therefore to ensure the content informational ; 4 ) to build human - oriented educational mechanism through taking care of individuals so as to make the content with multible levels

    要創新，需要在思想政治教育的機制、內容上下功夫。文章的第四部分認為機制、內容的創新是部隊思想政治教育創新的重點，並對機制、內容的創新進行了大膽探討。一要構建統分結合的組織領導機制，確保內容的系統化；二要構建面對現實的社會教育機制，確保內容的熱點化；三要構建適應需要的網路教育機制，確保內容的信息化；四要構建關注個性的人本教育機制，確保內容的層次化。
  5. In this paper, we analyse the conception and theory basis of corporation governance structure, then point out there are still some problems in state - owned enterpise after the reformation of stock company such as irrationality of stock right structure, default of state stockholder, serious government action of advanced governors ' selection, distemperedness of advanced governors ' prompting and restriction mechanism and nominal borad of supervisors, then put forward some relevant resolving measure, which include stock right decentralization, perfect stockholder conference, form and develop enterpriser procession, establish effective advanced governors ' prompting and restriction mechanism, strengthen construction of board of supervisors

    分析了法人治理結構的涵義及理論基礎，進而指出國有企業股份制改革后法人治理結構中仍然存在股權結構不合理、國家股所有者缺位、高層人員選擇的嚴重政府行為、高層人員的激勵和約束機制不健全、監事會形同虛設等問題，並相應提出了實現股權多元化、完善股東大會、形成和發展企業家隊伍、建立有效的高層激勵和約束機制、加強監事會建設的解決措施。
  6. Firstly, this part analyzes location, natural conditions and natural resources, population and labors, socio - economic elements, and the impacts of global political and economic environment change on unbalanced development of japanese regional economy. secondly, through analysis on regional development before the meiji reformation, industrialization, formation of dual structure and regional development after war, this part puts forward that unbalanced development is an objective law and regional development policies of government ca n ' t change structure of unbalanced development essentially. finally, this part sums up motive mechanism of unbalanced development of japanese regional economy, including location directional feature, scale economy, congregation and diffusion economy, putting forward that the overall effects of the three types of mechanisms stated above can be summarized as industrial group effects, which is also the important mechanism of unbalanced development of japanese regional economy

    首先，分析了區位條件、自然條件與自然資源、人口與勞動力條件、社會經濟條件、國際政治經濟環境的變化對日本區域經濟非均衡發展的影響；其次，通過對日本明治維新前的地域開發、工業化及其二元結構的形成以及戰后的地區開發等過程進行了剖析，認為區域經濟非均衡發展是一個客觀規律，政府的地區開發政策並不能從根本上改變非均衡發展的格局；第三，總結了日本區域經濟非均衡發展的動力機制，主要包括區位指向性、規模經濟、集聚與擴散效應，指出上述三種機制的綜合作用可以概括為產業集群效應，即產業集群也是日本區域經濟非均衡發展的重要機制。
  7. Be opposite this of 1992 cloth " labor law " revise share 44, new after revising " labor law " have the following characteristic : suited to build the real case that realizes formal diversity with the adjustment that develops structure of system of socialist market economy, economy, state ownership already, highlight again was aimed at increasingly complex and changeful working relationship ; the maintenance that highlighted labour union function, made clear workers congress system and collective contract system shift of power of these two main thought, aggrandizement labour union organizes construction, organize broad worker in labour union to provided legal basis and safeguard for utmost ground ; increased the protective strength to labour union cadre, aggrandizement specific safeguard, make labour union cadre ok more the function that fulfils his duty to fulfill labour union responsibly ; protected labour union to produce bridge and bond effect better, fulfilled labour union to share politics, economy, culture and the approach that the society lives, made clear the essential mechanism that labor of labour union mediate concerns ; those who made clear union funds capture range, aggrandizement of union funds capture strength, ensured labour union to organize the necessary material base that develops function of labour union of activity, implementation lawfully ; set legal liability, made clear the punishment to violating principal part, enhanced law to deter force

    這次對1992布的《工會法》的修改共有四十四條，新修改後的《工會法》有以下特點：既適應了建立和發展社會主義市場經濟體制、經濟結構的調整、公有制實現形式多元化的實際情況，又突出針對了日益復雜多變的勞動關系；突出了工會的維護職能，明確了職工代表大會制度和集體合同制度這兩個主要維權手段，強化了工會組織建設，為最大限度地把廣大職工組織到工會中來提供了法律依據和保障；加大了對工會幹部的保護力度，強化了具體保護措施，使工會幹部可以更加盡職盡責地履行工會的職能；更好地保護了工會發揮橋梁和紐帶作用，落實了工會參與政治、經濟、文化和社會生活的途徑，明確了工會調處勞動關系的根本機制；明確了工會經費的收繳范圍，強化了工會經費的收繳力度，保障了工會組織依法開展活動、實現工會職能的必要物質基礎；規定了法律責任，明確了對違法主體的處罰，增強了法律威懾力。
  8. The high p / e ratio has confused the financial order, has strengthened financial risks, hinder the growth of the real economy, not benefit the forming of correct investment concept, encourage behavior of speculating, cause inefficient distribution full play of function. we can reduce the high p / e ratio, suppress the p / e ratio to increase, by improving the management level, perfecting stock right structure and administration structure of the listed company, strengthening supervision of the listed company, stopping up all sorts of abnormal behavior of the stock market, perfecting the stock market system, trying one ' s best to reduce the government ' s intervention, changing means of the government interfere etc. then the china stock market can get lasting, healthy development

    解決好我國股市市盈率過高的現象，可以從以下幾方面著手提高上市公司的經營水平，增強其盈利能力是降低股票市場市盈率的跟本；完善上市公司的股權結構，解決中國上市公司「一股獨大」的問題；要完善上市公司的治理結構，健全董事會制度是核心，發揮監事會職能實現權力制衡，構造適合中國國情的監督機關，對經營者激勵與約束同等重要，強化經營者的激勵和約束，讓利益相關者行動起來；加強監管，堵絕股票市場的種種不規范現象，對莊家的運作強化監管，對其違法違規行為加大懲治力度是促使中國股市持續、穩健發展所採取的必要措施；同時完善股票市場的制度建設，完善的退市機制，盡早推出確實可行的股票價格指數期貨市場；盡量減少政府的干預，轉變干預手段等。
  9. The plan is to finger out the laws and rules in favor of the venture capital ' s operation in order as soon as possible, establish the leading fund provided by government, offer governmental credit assurance and stock, reduce the tax to the high - tech enterprise, construct the polarizing investor frame including government, corporation, international investment company, achieve the legalization of private - collecting fund, quicken the course of endowment insurance fund of investment to the venture capital, that can solve the problem of capital shortage, to improve the rule - framework of the investment company, and expect to carry out the limited and partnership company. through the way of theoretics education and practice, introduce into the advanced technology and talent to promote the ability of investment specialist, strengthen the inspection to medi - agency and exploit the operation scope, bring forward a set of high - tech enterprise evaluating system suitable to choose the enterprise invested by the investment company. last, buy by corporation, and - techniqufi - and property right dealing market is the practicable exit channel comparatively

    即盡快制定有利於風險投資規范運作的法規及條例，建立政府導向基金，為高新技術企業提供政府信用擔保、政府采購以及稅收優惠等政策支持；構造由政府、大公司、國際投資公司構成的多元化投資者結構，盡快實現私募基金的合法化，加快社會養老保險基金進入風險投資的進程，以此方式解決資金短缺的問題；在目前有限責任和股份有限機構組織形式的基礎上，改善風險投資機構的法人治理結構，並建議早日實現有限合夥制組織形式；以理論教育結合實踐，引進國外先進技術和人才等方法促進投資專業人才能力的提高；通過加強對中介機構的監管和拓展中介機構風險投資中介服務，促進中介機構的建設，並結合實際提出一套適合於風險投資公司選擇投資項目的高新技術企業評估體系；最後建議以大公司收購和技術產權資本交易的方式作為目前較為可行的風險投資退出渠道。
  10. We human being are in the varying ear, in which the industry society is converting into information society, and this will contribute to severe change. in fields of people ' s living way exchanging pattern, the operation of organization, the managerial method, the national managing regulations, political mechanism, the market operation, the structure of organization, and so on

    工業社會正在向信息社會轉變，一切都將發生深刻的變化，包括人們的生活方式、交流方式；組織機構的經營方式、管理方式；國家的管理法規、政治機構；市場的運作模式、組織結構等。
  11. The sum of all kinds of economical relations based on special social material productive forces forms social economical structure. on the practical base of economical structure, laws, political superstructure and social ideology, namely, the sum of 4 social elements of productive forces, relations of production, political superstructure and social ideology are established, which form a social organism, namely, social mode

    在一定社會物質生產力基礎上各種經濟關系的總和構成了社會經濟結構，在這個經濟結構的現實基礎上，建立起來的法律、政治上層建築和社會意識形態，即生產力、生產關系、政治上層建築和社會意識形態四種社會因素的總和，構成了一個社會有機體，即社會形態。
  12. According to the reformation experience of each country, since the structure of public power and government management smashed something to pieces and became rigid and the crisis appeared, the traditional administering model of the powerful nation suffers challenge : the social structure sharply changes, which brings about the position crisis, the society consistency and the culture division, and the public more and more held no fantasy to the efficacy and the future of public power

    根據各國的改革經驗，由於公共權力結構和政府管理的破碎、僵化並出現危機，傳統的強國家的治理模式受到挑戰：社會結構急劇變化，導致地位危機、社會一致性分裂和文化分裂，公眾對公共權力的效能和未來越來越不抱幻想。
  13. Problems existing in the system are as follows : the awarding principal part and the awarded one of eso are not specific ; the laws and regulations have not defined the sources of the stock ; the honoring mechanisms of eso are scarce ; there is not favorable tax policy and accountant regulations ; the simplistic property right structure and unperfect corporation system in state enterprises ; the securities business is immature, etc. the fifth part is about the legal system construction of eso, and it is the most important part of this thesis

    而股票期權的授予主體和對象不明確；法律法規沒有明確規定推行股票期權所需的股票來源；缺乏股票期權行權受益兌現機制；無相應的稅收優惠政策和會計法則；國有企業產權結構單一、法人治理結構不完善；證券市場發育不完善等是我們在構建股票期權制度必須解決或直面的問題。第五部分為實施股票期權制度的法律設計，是本文的核心部分。
  14. So, decision of nuclear plant emergency is not only an academic topic, but also a serious issue concerned by all country government. the decision of nuclear accident emergency ( dnae ) is a shortest - optimal choice from many countermeasures for protecting benefits of people against disadvantage at least, when a serious accident of nuclear plant have done

    核電站應急決策除具有事件發生、氣象和環境變化的隨機不確定性等特點之外，還涉及政治敏感性，經濟代價、社會公眾反應、生態環境污染等諸多因素，是一個典型的風險型、非結構化、多屬性的系統決策問題。
  15. The paper make certain the main work items and the relation of sequence preference. according to agricultural demand and the agricultural machinery in existence, it optimiz and equipping the agricultural machinery of zhengzhi village in term of main work items by the methods of expert recommendation and test and antitheses. at last, on the basis of optimizing and equipping, it bring out the model of rice mechanization and industrialization of zhengzhi village. this thesis comprehensively appraises the model, the conclusion is that favorable economic and social benefits can be received by setting up agricultural machinery joint share company

    全文分以下幾個部分：首先，對政治村農業生產系統進行了環境辯識和問題診斷，明確了該村農業系統發展的優勢和基本問題，為農業產業結構調整指明了方向；其次，分析了該村水稻生產的工藝過程，確定了主要作業項目及優序關系，並根據農藝要求及該村現有的農業機械，運用試驗對比法和專家推薦法對政治村的農業機械按主要作業項目進行優化配備；最後，在優化配備的基礎上，提出了政治村水稻機械化產業化經營的模式，並對該經營模式進行了系統的綜合評價，得出結論：組建農機股份作業公司可獲得良好的經濟效益和社會效益。
  16. Abstract : based on analyzing the planed scale ， developing speed, management system and external environment of highway network, it is researched for the mechanism to construct the greatness in quantity and extent of toll road, irrationality of the network structure and unfair effect of fiscal expenditure is revealed, the suggests to improve the construction plan and investment system of highway network are presented

    摘要：通過分析全國公路網規劃的規模、建設計劃、管理體制和外部環境因素，研究收費公路規模大、范圍寬的形成機制，以及其中存在的路網結構問題、社會政治矛盾和不良社會經濟運行效果，對我國公路網的規劃建設和投資管理體制提出了改進建議。
  17. White the entrepreneur itself should meet the requirements of constructing modern entrepreneur system, improve legal - person administering constructure, pay attention to accelerating reconstitution, play the role of highest poticy - making body to board of directors, optimize the agent ' s stimulating - restraining - toleration " organism, make use of the opportunity of pending implementation of decreasing national stocks, realize the diversifying and rationalizing of stock - authority constructure, realized the conversion form government - oriented administering to legal - person - oriented administering, so that on the condition of possessing improved policy - making and monitoring organism, the investment of the entrepreneur will agree with the shareholders

    同時企業本身需按照建立現代企業制度的要求，完善法人治理結構，著重於加快重組的進度，發揮董事會作為常設最高決策機構的作用，優化代理人的「激勵?約束相容」機制，利用國家正準備實施的國有股減持的契機，實現股權結構的多元化、合理化，實現政府主導型治理向法人主導型治理的轉變，使企業投資在具備完善的決策、監督機制的前提下，能體現股東的意願。
  18. This paper, with the application of system innovation theory, new - system economics and management theory, has a careful investigation on the history of the institution - transformed companies at country level, and systematically set up a management pattern suitable for the further development of them, whose key points include the following : to build up good instruction - transformed companies at country level and upgrade them according to modern enterprise system ; to achieve detachment of enterprises from the government through reducing the burden of their political and social functions by effective policies ; to set up managerial structure suitable for market mechanism ; to realize market - oriented management ; to get rid of the " insiders - dominating " situation and bring into professional managers and outside talents ; to improve the supervi sory mechanism based on common villagers and non - shareholders ; to put into practice the industrial strategy and economic concept of " property as bases, tertiary industry as focuses " ; to reconstruct with market mechanism the " villages in city " ; etc. by the research, hoping to find out one good way of new management style for countryside urbanization on theory

    本文運用制度創新、新制度經濟學、公司治理學中的理論，對村級轉制公司的歷史進程進行了細致的回顧，首次提出了如何系統地構建村級轉制公司的問題，關鍵環節包括：通過產權創新實現村級轉制公司的制度、體制創新：通過行之有效的政策取向減除其行政和社會職能的負擔，使之實現政企分開：構建適合市場機制的公司治理結構、轉向經濟型公司治理；改善「內部人」控制局面，引入職業經理人機制和外來優秀人才；健全以普通股（村）民和非股東為主的監事機制；實施以「物業為基礎、第三產業為重點」的產業戰略與經濟發展觀；引入市場機制改造「城中村」 。藉此研究，希望在理論上探索一條適應農村城市化進程的管理新體制，以點及面，以廣州市的農村轉制公司為點，構思村級轉制公司的構建與經營模式，供我國農村城市化的村級轉制組織參考。
  19. At the same time, it analyzed the external environment condition of jinding fire protection co, ltd. from the respects, such as politics and laws, economy, technology, social environment and trade, etc. analyzed about the inside condition of jinding fire protection co, ltd., summarized jinding fire protection co, ltd. ' s strengths and weaknesses in organizational management, manpower resources management, business, marketing, product structure, financial administration, researching and develop etc. we can safely draw the conclusion that the internal and external key factors affect the development of jinding fire protection co, ltd. on this basis, analyzed the opportunities and threats, strengths and weaknesses with efe matrix and ife matrix, and defined the optional strategic measure of jinding fire protection co, ltd. to develop fire industry is the assignment of jinding fire protection co, ltd., meanwhile its main task is the production and management of fire equipment, the design of fire safe project

    本文運用現代戰略管理理論，對金鼎消防有限公司的發展戰略進行了系統的研究。首先對金鼎消防有限公司進行了戰略分析，分析了消防行業發展現狀及趨勢，消防行業政策法律環境，消防行業的市場前景以及消防行業競爭結構;並從政治法律、經濟、技術、社會環境等方面對公司的外部環境進行了分析;從金鼎消防有限公司人力資源狀況、業務發展狀況、市場營銷能力、產品研發能力、財務狀況等內部資源和能力方面存在的優勢和劣勢進行了分析。在此基礎上，歸納出影響金鼎消防有限公司發展的關鍵內外部因素，運用外部因素評價矩陣和內部因素評價矩陣對公司的外部機會和威脅、內部優勢和劣勢進行了分析評價，明確了金鼎消防有限公司的外部機會和威脅以及公司內部的優勢和劣勢。
  20. If we analyse the distructure of kuomindang and the government by the two new concepts of " party - government system " and " party - government mechanism ", build the frame of study and study it in some political ways, we can find a full view of completely new party - government system and its operating mechanism

    若用「黨政體制」和「黨政機制」這兩個新概念來剖析黨政二元結構，構築其研究框架，並用政治學一些方法來研究它時，就會發現一個嶄新的黨政體制及其運行機制全貌。
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