明代法規 的英文怎麼說

中文拼音 [míngdàifǎguī]
明代法規 英文
laws and regulations of ming dynasty
  • 明 : Ⅰ形容詞1 （明亮） bright; brilliant; light 2 （明白;清楚） clear; distinct 3 （公開;顯露在外;不隱...
  • 代 : Ⅰ動詞1 （代替） take the place of; be in place of 2 （代理） act on behalf of; acting Ⅱ名詞1 （歷...
  • 法 : Ⅰ名詞1 （由國家制定或認可的行為規則的總稱） law 2 （方法; 方式） way; method; mode; means 3 （標...
  • 規 : Ⅰ名詞1 （畫圓形的工具） instrument for drawing circles 2 （規則; 成例） rule; regulation 3 [機械...
  • 明代 : the ming dynasty
  • 法規 : laws and regulations; rule
  1. After entry of wto, there are still many maladjustments in guangxi ' s seed industry, such as the weak foundation of sees industry development ; the unformed market of the seed industry for fair competition ; small - scale seed enterprises ; no systematic connection among the cultivation, breeding and marketing ; lower qualification of staff who work in the seed industry and with weak sense of laws, and lack of the knowledge in operating experiences in the international market and trade etc. yet the un - efficiency system, unclear property right in enterprises, the lack of an effective mechanism to promote the rational use of resources in the seed industry and the lack of such concept as " the government creates environment and enterprises create fortune " are the deep - seated causes of the problems in guangxi ' s seed industry. therefore, the key points for promoting development of guangxi ' s seed industry under the wto framework are to focus on the promotion of the developing capability of seeds " integrated products, constantly deepen reforms, to adjust various relevant factors in the system of the seed industry which is inconsistent with each other, and to establish a new - pattern system with evident characteristics of the time spirit in order to meet the requirements of the market economy. hereinto, the specific strategies and measures for promotion of guangxi ' s seed industry development under the wto framework include kee ping up reform and innovation of the system of the seed industry, executing of non - nationalization reform in state - owned seed enterprises, formulating and executing relevant supporting policies, the improving the legal system in the seed industry, increasing public financial support on the seed industry, promoting the integration of cultivation, breeding and marketing, strengthening human resource development, developing the main body of the seed industry ' s market and making proper conditions for the functions of seed associations in the seed industry development etc

    研究結果認為：發展種子產業應該把著眼點放在促進種子整體產品的開發上；種子產業的發展依賴于能充分發揮整體功能的新型種業體系的構建，而目前廣西種業體系中的品種選育、種子生產加工、種子經營以及政府管理、公共支持和社會服務六個主要組成部分都存在明顯的缺陷與不足；廣西種子企業綜合競爭力總體處于較弱水平；面對wto ，廣西種子產業仍有諸多的不適應，突出表現在產業發展基礎薄弱、尚未形成可以公平競爭的種業市場、種子企業規模小、育繁銷脫節、種業人才素質不高、種子企業法律意識淡薄、國際市場運作經驗和國際貿易知識不足等多個方面，而體制不順、企業產權不明晰、缺乏促進種業資源合理流動的有效機制以及「政府創造環境，企業創造財富」的正確理念正是導致目前廣西種子產業不能適應入世需要的深層次原因；因此，以提升種子整體產品開發能力為核心，不斷深化改革，調整種業體系中不相協調的各有關因素，構建起符合市場經濟體制要求的具有鮮明時代特徵的新型種業體系，是wto框架下加快廣西種子產業發展必須堅持的指導思想；其中，加快種業體制改革和創新、實施對國有種子企業的非國有化改造、制訂落實有關扶持政策、完善種子法律法規體系、加大公共財政對種子產業的支持力度、推進育繁銷一體化的形成、加強人才培養與引進、壯大種業市場主體、實行重點突破戰略、發揮種子行業協會作用等等，都是wto框架下加快廣西種子產業發展應該採取的具體對策措施。
  2. With regard to the lack of corresponding entity right backing for " execute the third party " according to the procedure law in current chinese creditor ' s subrogation system ; the inconsistence between the ent ity law and the procedure law for the conditions to exercise creditor ' s subrogation ; the obscure effect of the exercising of the creditor ' s subrogation ; the indefiniteness of right and status of the parties in the subrogation proceeding and so on, it is suggested that amend the civil code, confine the creditor ' s subrogation system, coordinate the rules in entity law and procedure law related to the debtees " to exercise their subrogation, define the creditor ' s subrogation, the right and obligation of related parties in the procedure, perfect the rules in procedure law in order to provide proceeding procedure security for the realization of the creditor ' s subrogation

    並針對我國現行債權人代位權制度在程序法中「執行第三人」缺乏相應實體權利依據、實體法與程序法有關債權人代位權行使條件規定不一致、債權人行使代位權效力不清、當事人在代位權訴訟中的地位和權利不明確等諸多缺欠，提出了制定民法典確定債權人代位權制度、協調實體法和程序法中關于債權人行使代位權的規定、明確債權人代位權訴訟相關當事人的權利義務、完善程序法規定為債權人代位權實現提供訴訟程序保障的意見。
  3. Based on consider hereinbefore, this dissertation discusses several aspects on the problem of the sustainable and optimum exploitation of groundwater resources as follows : ( 1 ) reviewed entirely the origin and evolvement of the concept " sustainable development ", stated and commented the study status in queue on " sustainable development " around national and international range, thorough discussed the science connotation about the concept " sustainable development " ; ( 2 ) looked back and commented across - the aboard some furthest basic concept and proposition related to groundwater resources, put forward self opinions on a few existent mistake points of view and chaos understandings ; ( 3 ) expatiated entirely on the content and meaning of the theory of changeable groundwater resources system, contrast with the traditional methods of groundwater resources calculation and evaluation, combined example to show the application of this theory ; ( 4 ) thorough analyzed the difficult and complexity to forecast the groundwater resources, fully stated the traditional methods of groundwater resources forecasting, pointed out the characteristic and applying condition of these forecasting method, introduced the main ideas and methods of wavelet analysis developed recently, and the matlab software be known as the fifths era computer language, and its accessory wavelet analysis toolbox, applied these methods and tools to analyze the groundwater dynamic curve, adopted the b - j method and morte - carlo method, combined with the theory of changeable groundwater resources system, discussed the new view on the forecast of groundwater resources ; ( 5 ) synthetically analyzed the characteristics and limitations of the present all kind of groundwater manage model, combined mathematical programming mathematical statistics random process and the theory of variation system of groundwater resources on the unite optimum attempter of surface water and groundwater, emphasized how to make the model more nicety, more simple, more practicality ; ( 6 ) analyzed the inside condition and outside condition to assure the sustainable and optimum exploi tation of groundwater resources, the inside conditions are the follows : correct resources idea, scientific methods of resources calculation and evaluation, credible forecast methods of resources, exercisable measures of resources management, the outside conditions are the follows : the development idea of high layer, the transform of manage system, the matched policy and rule of law, the adjusted of economy lever, the improve of cultural diathesis, the boosting up of water - saving consciousness and detail measures, the control of population rising, the prevention and cure of water pollute, the renew and rebuild of ecology ; ( 7 ) scan the sustainable and optimum exploitation of groundwater resources from the high level of metagalaxy, earth system science, and philosophy ; lint out the more directions on groundwater resources

    基於以上考慮，論文主要從以下幾方面對地下水資源可持續開發問題進行了比較深入的探討：全面回顧了「可持續發展」概念的由來與演變，對國內外「可持續發展」的研究現狀進行了述評，並對「可持續發展」概念的科學內涵進行了深入探討；對涉及地下水資源的一些最基本的概念和命題進行了全面的回顧和評述，對目前仍然存在的一些錯誤觀點和混亂認識提出了自己的見解；全面闡述了地下水資源變值系統理論的內容和意義，並與傳統的地下水資源計算評價方法進行了對比分析，結合實例具體說明了方法的應用；深入分析了地下水資源預測預報工作的極端重要性和復雜性，對傳統的地下水資源動態預測方法進行了全面的評述，指出了各類預測預報方法的特點及適用條件，對最近二十多年剛發展起來的小波分析技術的主要思想和方法及其應用范圍，以及號稱第五代計算機語言的matlab軟體和附帶的小波分析工具箱進行了介紹，並應用於地下水動態過程線的分析，採用時間序列中的b ? j法，蒙特卡羅方法，與地下水資源變值系統理論相結合，探討了地下水動態資料分析和地下水資源預測預報的新思路；綜合分析了現今各類地下水管理模型的特點及缺陷，將數學規劃、數理統計、隨機過程等與地下水變值系統理論相結合進行地表水地下水或多水源的聯合優化調度，使模型更準確、更實用；對保證地下水資源可持續開發的內部條件和外部條件進行了分析，內部河海人學博卜學位論文前言、摘要、目錄條件主要是正確的資源觀，科學的資源計算與評價方法，可靠的資源預測預報技術，可操作的資源管理措施，外部條件主要是高層發展思路、管理體制的變革、配套的政策法規、經濟杠桿的調節、人文素質的提高、節水意識的增強及具體節水措施、人口增長的控制、水體污染的防治、生態的恢復和重建等;從宇宙科學、地球系統科學及哲學的高度審視地下水資源的可持續開發;指出了地下水資源可持續開發的進一步研究方向。
  4. The polyester fibre of resisting bacterium is one without which people can t live in modern times, but how to restrain the bacterium propagating excessively and keep people in health is a most important goal that fabrics and clothing industry are striving for. fibre of resisting bacterium can kill the bacterium effectively with the ratio of more than 99 % and it can restrain microbes. the polyester fibre of resisting ultraviolet radiation is also widely used. with the decreasing of ozonospheres in the atmosphere, there are more ultraviolet radiation in the sunlight which do harm to our skin, especially for those men working outdoors, it is more important to think about the way to lessen the harm. the polyester of burning - resisting has attracted more attention at home and abroad and burning - resisting textiles has been advanced definitely by law in many countries. our nation has also made strict claims in some special areas, such as fabrics in vehiciles and vessels, decorative fabrics in hotels. the everlasting burning - resisting fibres and textiles are badly needed. infrared ray fibre is also a new functional one that can absorb and reflect infrared ray after being processed physically. it s functions include physical therapy wet - ejecting and bacterium - restraining. this warm - preserving material can absorb the emitting heat from our bodies, at the same time it can also absorb and reflect the needed 4 - 14 urn wavelength ultraviolet radiation and accelerate netaboiism. fibre of resisting infrared ray is important in military areas

    抗菌纖維具有永久的抗菌性，對金黃色葡萄球菌、大腸桿菌殺菌率大於99 ，能有效抑制細菌繁殖，起到抗菌防臭作用；抗紫外線聚酯纖維的用途也是異常廣泛的，隨著大氣層中臭氧層的日漸稀薄，日光中的紫外線日益增加，對人體皮膚形成極大危害，尤其對于長期從事野外工作的人，因此設法減少紫外線對人體的傷害顯得尤為重要；阻燃聚酯纖維則是一種倍受國內外人士密切關注的纖維，紡織品阻燃在許多國家已有明確法令規定，我國也逐漸在某些特殊使用范圍做嚴格要求，如車船內用紡織品，高級賓館的內裝飾織物等，而且具持久性阻燃性的纖維和織物是現在更為需要的，真可謂用途非常廣泛；遠紅外纖維也是一種經過物理改性后具有吸收並反射遠紅外線的新型功能性纖維，是一種具有優良理療功能、熱效應功能和排濕透氣抑菌功能的新型紡織材料及保溫材料，能吸收人體自身向外散發的熱量，吸收並反射回人體最需要的4 14 m波長的遠紅外線，促進人體的新陳代謝；抗紅外線纖維，則在軍事上有著重要的作用。
  5. As an important component part of human inhabited environment, urban gardening and greening is the biggest one of factors in respect of influencing on urban ecologic environment, whose function is to crucially regulate urban ecologic environment and to be the “ regulator ” of urban ecologic equilibrium. alsoa, it is the important place for leisure, entertainment and physical exercise for residents, and can turn into a carrier to the realization of human self - integrity as well as an assurance of the upgrade of life quality

    因此，城市園林綠化管理要本著建管並舉，重在管理的原則，運用現代化的思維方式、市場化的手段和方法，科學文明依法管理城市園林綠化，建立先進的城市園林綠化管理模式，大力推進城市園林綠化管理的科學化、規范化和法制化，保證園林綠化作為城市的基礎設施和社會共公事業的高效率運行。
  6. Starting from the regulations on marine insurance in china ' s laws and international laws, the treatise studies the legal regulations on the right of subrogation of marine insurance both domestically and abroad ; furthermore, the treatise explains the relationships between the right of subrogation and the " letter of subrogation in terms of civil laws, as well as insurable interest, litigants, objects of litigation, and extinctive prescription ; at last, the treatise discusses the application of law concerning the right of subrogation of marine insurance after china ' s entry into wto

    論文從中國法與國際法關于海上保險求償權的規定的比較入手，研討國內關于海上保險代位求償權的法律規定，進而從民法的角度說明代位求償權與「權益轉讓書」的關系，以及訴訟中的保險利益、訴訟當事人、訴訟標的、訴訟時效問題，最後淺談我國加入wto后海上保險代位求償權的法律適用。
  7. Article 91 where a special committee of the national people ' s congress deems that an administrative regulation, local decree, autonomous decree and special decree contravenes the constitution or a national law during its review thereof, it may present a written review comment to the enacting body ; and a joint review session may also be convened between the legislative committee and the relevant special committee, and the enacting body shall be summoned to the session to give explanation, and thereafter a subsequent written review comment shall be sent to the enacting body

    第九十一條全國人民代表大會專門委員會在審查中認為行政法規、地方性法規、自治條例和單行條例同憲法或者法律相抵觸的，可以向制定機關提出書面審查意見；也可以由法律委員會與有關的專門委員會召開聯合審查會議，要求制定機關到會說明情況，再向制定機關提出書面審查意見。
  8. The mechanized mathematics has a highly development in ming dynasty, the abacus ' s perfected standardize is one hand, the other hand is fundamental algorithm ' s standardize, a pithy formula, program

    二、數學機械化的思想方法到明代得到了高度發展和完善。其一是表現在實現演算法的硬體? ?算盤的完善和規范化；其二是實現演算法的軟體? ?基本演算法的規范化、歌訣化、程序化。
  9. China ' s first recycling economy law is expected to be submitted to the national people ' s congress ( npc ) standing committee for deliberation in august next year, said an official with the npc recently

    一位人大委員最近說，中國的第一份循環經濟法規將會在明年八月份提交到全國人民代表大會常務委員會。
  10. The status of non - vessel operating common carrier abstract with the deepening of the reform and open of our country, foreign trade is booming. there is a particular entity entering into the business of foreign trade transportation, he accepts the cargo as a carrier from the cargoowner, bearing responsibility of transportation, meanwhile, he consigns cargo to ship line as a shipper to complete the transportation

    行政法律方面，無船承運人在國內的身份似乎仍按照貨運代理人處理，而目前有關貨運代理人的管理法規含糊其詞，未能明確貨代提單簽發人的身份是承運人，在行業管理中，由於貨運代理人歸外經貿部管理，承運人歸交通部管理，管理部門職責不明確，無船承運人的管理實際上處于失控狀態。
  11. These are : declarations, grammar rules, and c code

    它們是：聲明、語法規則和c代碼。
  12. In this case, we should transform shareholding system, set up new supervision & management frame at the requests of market economy, and establish just and transparent legal system to make the banking of our country step into a standard and healthy o rbit as soon as possible and develop into the large modernized business banks with perfect management structure, sound operating mechanism, clear operating objectives, good financial situation and strong international competitive power

    在這種情況下，必然要求對國有商業銀行進行股份制改造，按照市場經濟的要求，建立新的監管規劃框架，建立公正、透明的法律體系，使我國銀行業盡快步入規范、健康發展的軌道，逐步發展成為治理結構完善，運行機制健全，經營目標明確，財務狀況良好，具有較強國際競爭力的大型現代化商業銀行。
  13. I, the undersigned. . . . . . . . . . . . . representing the company / organization. . . . . . . . . . and inviting the foreign citizen ( s ), declare to be aware of the italian law on immigration and of the responsibilities indicated in the article 12. section 1 of the legislative decree dated 25 july 1998, n. 286 and of its further amendments "

    本人* * *代表公司/組織邀請外國公民，聲明了解義大利相關移民法律，尤其是在1998年7月25日頒布的286法規第12條段落1及其之後進行的相關修正內容中提到的責任。
  14. Abstract : as the implementation of the new energy code, the american retailers have increasingly attached importance to the energy efficiency of the lighting in stores and the traditional lights are replaced by the new ones gradually

    摘要：隨著新的能源法規的開始執行，美國零售業界對商場照明更加重視節能與高效，新的燈具品類正在逐步替代傳統燈具。
  15. During the past years, there appear the cases of marine defraud concerning nvocc are increasing in the foreign trade transportation in our country, and rules and regulations of nvocc are not definite. for example, whether the nvocc ' s b / l which is not registered under the rules and regulations can be issued in our country or not, and whether the activity of domestic freight forward on behalf of issuing the nvocc ' s b / l is valid or not, we can not find the answer from the law

    近年來，在我國外貿運輸中，涉及無船承運人的海運欺詐案件有上升的趨勢，與無船承運人相關法律、法規尚不明確，如未經我國合法登記的無船承運人提單是否可以在我國簽發，國內貨運代理人企業代理簽發此類提單行為是否有效等問題，法律沒有明確規定。
  16. Except for the introductory remark and the conclusion, the paper contains seven sections, mainly involving the following contents and viewpoints : the establishment of the relative offical position, the enactment and restriction of commercial right, the regulation of the relative marketing administration, the issuance of the currency, the revenue law, the salt and tea law, the foreign trade law and the comerical custom law etc. the paper analyses the matters that how the government of ming exerted appropriately the national functions and taked full advantage of legal instruments to regulate the commercial activities

    除導論和結論以外，本文有七章組成，主要內容有：有關官職的設置、商事權利的設定及其限制、有關市場管理的規定、錢幣的發行、稅收法、鹽茶法、對外貿易法、商事習慣法等等。具體地分析明朝政府如何因時制宜，行使國家的職能，充分利用行政、經濟等法律手段調節商事活動，正確評價國家制定法與民間習慣法之間的相互作用，指出明代商事法制所存在的種種弊病。
  17. There are many other problems. the procedures of examination are so complex that it takes a long time foe the ship to wait in the port and when checking a ship or carrying out punishments, the officers have a heavy working intensity compared with a low efficiency and quality. in this case, with the use of windows98, many tools such as delphi, cooledit, sql, photoshop5. 0 are used to develop a multi - purpose computer aided system. it can check the safty of marines, punish wrong marine executions, inquire data statistics, use civilized words and look through the marine laws

    本課題針對海事行政執法中船民反映的船舶報港接受檢查時攜帶的船舶證書多、檢查手續繁雜、耗費的時間多、船舶滯港時間長以及海事行政執法人員在對船舶實施檢查、行政處罰時勞動強度大、存在辦事效率低、辦案質量不高等實際問題，在windows98系統支持下，運用delphi 、 cooledit 、 sql 、 photoshop5 . 0等工具開發出了具有船舶安全檢查登記、海事行政處罰、數據統計查詢、文明用語、法規瀏覽等多項功能的海事行政執法計算機輔助系統，用計算機替代傳統的手工勞動。
  18. The relative refuses to testify the power to take, as an important system the modern country under the rule of law, all has the explicit stipulation in many national lawsuit statute books or in the evidence legislation

    摘要親屬拒絕作證權作為現代法治國家的一項重要制度，在許多國家的訴訟法典或證據立法中都有明確規定。
  19. The thesis analyzes the exterior environment of modem logistics development, such as macrocosmic environment, logistic facilities, storage facilities, logistic communication, market system environment and professional environment. on the base of these analysis, we can conclude that zhejiang province has the condition and the imperious need to develop modern logistics industry

    文章分析了浙江省發展現代物流業的外部環境，從宏觀環境、物流基礎設施、倉儲設施、信息基礎設施、物流政策法規等角度說明浙江省基本具備發展現代物流業的條件，並迫切需要發展現代物流業。
  20. This paper expatiates the malpractice that exists through comparing with the other institutions of taking over land, such as broader bound, narrower scope for compensation, littler standard on compensation, nonlucency progress, incomplete safeguard by law and code and kickback for such above factors, then it analyzes the causes for them. and it draws a conclusion that it is unfit for changing economics system and social conditions greatly of the old institutions fallowed from planning economics

    本文通過國內外征地制度的比較研究，闡述了我國征地制度存在的弊端，如征地范圍過寬，征地補償范圍窄、補償標準低，征地程序不透明，沒有健全土地徵用法律法規作保障等，以及由這些弊端所帶來的不良後果，剖析了這些弊端產生的原因，主要是我國征地制度是計劃經濟時代的產物，與現在已發生巨變的宏觀經體制和社會條件不相適宜。
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