明細預算 的英文怎麼說

中文拼音 [míngxìyùsuàn]
明細預算 英文
detail budgeting
  • 明 : Ⅰ形容詞1 （明亮） bright; brilliant; light 2 （明白;清楚） clear; distinct 3 （公開;顯露在外;不隱...
  • 細 : 形容詞1 （條狀物橫剖面小） thin; slender 2 （顆粒小） in small particles; fine 3 （音量小） thin ...
  • 預 : Ⅰ副詞（預先; 事先） in advance; beforehand Ⅱ動詞（參與） take part in
  • 算 : Ⅰ動詞1 （計算數目） calculate; reckon; compute; figure 2 （計算進去） include; count 3 （謀劃;計...
  • 明細 : details
  • 預算 : budget1991
  1. This article puts forward a solution named divide - assemble by deducing the size of bp neural network to overcome entering the local best point, the dividing process is that a big bp neural network is divided into several small bp neural networks, every small bp neural network can study alone, after all small bp neural networks finish their study, we can assemble all these small bp neural networks into the quondam big bp neural networks ; on the basis of divide - assemble solution, this article discusses the preprocessing of input species and how to deduce the size of bp neural network further to make it easy to overcome entering the local best point ; for the study of every small bp neural network, this article adopts a solution named gdr - ga algorithm, which includes two algorithms. gdr ? a algorithm makes the merits of the two algorithms makeup each other to increase searching speed. finally, this article discusses the processing of atm band - width distribution dynamically

    本文從bp網的結構出發，以減小bp神經網路的規模為手段來克服陷入局部極小點，提出了bp神經網路的拆分組裝方法，即將一個大的bp網有機地拆分為幾個小的子bp網，每個子網的權值單獨訓練，訓練好以後，再將每個子網的單元和權值有機地組裝成原先的bp網，從理論和實驗上證明了該方法在解決局部極小值這一問題時是有效的；在拆分組裝方法基礎上，本文詳細闡述了輸入樣本的預處理過程，更進一步地減小了bp網路的規模，使子網的學習更加容易了；對于子網的學習，本文採用了最速梯度? ?遺傳混合演算法（即gdr ? ? ga演算法） ，使gdr演算法和ga演算法的優點互為補充，提高了收斂速度；最後本文闡述了用以上方法進行atm帶寬動態分配的過程。
  2. Chapter one foreword is to introduce subject source, research object, meaning, domestic and international development trends, the study way and technological route, etc. ; chapter two theory part is to recommend public financial theory, the budget theory of government, the appraisal theory of government performance, etc. ; chapter three gives a full explanation which project should be regarded as the project appropriation budget for maritime affairs ; chapter four includes two respect contents of the project appropriation budget of maritime affairs : to verify and to manage the project appropriation budget in an order ; chapter five is a study to the appraisal method of the project appropriation budget of unit of maritime affairs, structuring the mode of two delphi and giving an example to the equipment purchase project ; the last chapter has summarized the questions that should be paid attention to while appraising the appropriation budget of the project, and probed int o the development trend of appropriation budget of project

    第1章引言，主要介紹課題來源、研究對象、意義、國內外發展動態、研究方式及技術路線等；第2章理論部分，介紹公共財政理論、政府預算理論、政府績效評價理論等；第3章詳細說明了海事單位哪些可以作為項目支出預算；第4章海事單位項目支出預算入庫管理包括兩方面內容：入庫審核和排序；第5章海事單位項目支出預算評價方法研究，構建了兩次專家調查法模式，結合設備購置項目加以說明；最後一章總結了在項目支出預算評價中應注意的問題，並探討了項目支出預算工作的發展趨勢。
  3. In this thesis, aim to the beam axis shape be exactitude for design, the internal force of the beam be appeased by design request, the concept of modem cybernetics is applied, at the same time, the effecting parameter has collected. the paper build the ann model in predicting the beam camber an construction and discuss indetail the extraction of inputting nodes information when quoting the fundamental principle of ann model and introducing research process of the improved bnn. according to them, ann is applied in the construction control of prestressed concrete continuous bridge

    本文以大橋成橋線形滿足設計要求和成橋內力控制在設計容許范圍內為目的，運用現代控制理論的思想，引用神經網路基本原理，詳細介紹bp神經網路的研究過程，從而建立預應力混凝土連續梁橋施工預拱度的神經網路模型，並詳細討論了模型的神經網路結點信息的提取，在工程實例的基礎上進行了數值計武漢理工大學碩士學位論文算，數值表明，將神經網路應用於預應力混凝土連續梁橋施工控制，獲得了滿意的結果，在預應力混凝土連續梁橋施工控制技術研究方面，具有方便有效、精度高的優點，具有良好的應用前景。
  4. The second chapter studies the economy of ship ' s power plants, based on the aspects of lowering fuel cost, waste heat recovery, the match of ship, machinery and propeller, increasing propulsion efficiency, increasing the economy of ship ' s power plants, etc. the third chapter discusses in detail the control measures of voyage change cost, analysizes systematically the voyage change cost based on the way of fuel cost, harbor cost, voyage venture cost. the fourth chapter studies the structures and control measures of seafarers cost, maintenance cost, spare parts and stores cost, lubricating oil cost, etc. which are relatively easy to be controlled ; based on the state maintenance decision - making, a mathematical model is put forward, the validity and its solve process are discussed. the control measures of spare parts, fuel cost and lubricating oil cost should be based on scientific budget, through the control means of application, reception, usage, store check, try to acquire the inosculation of theory

    第一章主要討論營運船舶運輸成本，對船舶運輸成本的概念、結構、性質與分攤、成本細分進行了分析，從宏觀上闡明了船舶運輸成本的生存環境和生長趨勢；第二章研究了船舶動力裝置的經濟性，在營運船舶降低油耗、廢熱利用、船機槳匹配、提高推進效率、提高船舶動力裝置經濟性的有效途徑等方面進行了闡述和論證；第三章詳細論述並論證了航次變動成本的控制措施，全面系統地分析和總結了航次變動成本，通過對燃油成本、港口使費、航次風險成本的分析與控制，提出了航次風險成本的概念並論述了若干航次風險成本的控制措施；第四章對船舶營運成本中的船員費用控制、維修保養及其費用控制、船舶備件物料管理及其費用控制等幾個主要可控性較高的成本進行了細致的分析並分別討論了相互的控制措施，提出了基於狀態維修決策的馬爾可夫數學模型並論證了模型的正確性及具體解算步驟，對于備件、燃潤物料的控制堅持以科學的預算為前提，以申領、接收、使用、盤存為控制環節，切實做到理論與實踐的密切結合；第五章，結合營運成本的預核算的案例，對船舶營運成本的預算及核算進行了有益的探討，旨在揭示成本發生的動因，並給出了成本預算、核算的編制方法。
  5. It introduces the development of overall budget and its present application in chinese corporations, as well as its content and making method. this chapter is mainly to clarify the theory of overall budget. the second chapter is about financial management of life - insurance company

    本文詳細說明了kt人壽保險公司實行全面預算管理的全過程，文章共分三部分：第一部分全面預算管理的概述：介紹了全面預算的產生、我國企業全面預算管理的現狀、全面預算管理的內涵及全面預算編制的方法，本章主要闡述全面預算管理理論。
  6. We describe the process of designing and implementing the compositive budget management system in detail. via verifying the validity, it is indicated that using j2ee and mvc model can make the system applicable and reusable

    然後詳細闡述了綜合預算管理系統的設計及實現過程，通過正確性驗證，表明所採用的j2ee技術以及mvc設計模式使得系統具有良好的可重用性以及可適應性。
  7. With the using of microsoft visual basic 6. 0, a multimedia computer - aided design system of small type pumping irrigation district is developed in this paper. provided with the live multimedia messages as well as a good man - machine conversation mechanism, this system can help the user to finish the planning of an pumping irrigated area such as the layout of canal system, the selection of pump models, the establishment of the irrigation program, the calculating of canals " parameters, the estimate of the project magnitude, the selection of the field constructions, the economic analysis of the project, the output of results, etc, a new oo ( object oriented ) programming method is adopted in this system, various softwares are integrated in this systems as well by the " automation " technic provided by vb, in addition, the multimedia technic is applied to this system for the first time, it makes the system easy to ope rate. as for the optimization of the canals " section, a new optimization method is adopted based on the existing theories about the canals " section, and in this way, with the purpose of minimizing the project ' s investment as well as a stalized canal, limited by the longituding slope, the canals " best feasible parameters can be deduced. furthermore, a integral method to reckon the earth work is developed in this paper, by this way, the estimate precision of the earthwork is enhanced notably. this paper includes the particular illumination for the developing procedure of each systems " segment, and in the end, the directions of the system are demonstrated in a sample area which lies in the zhaija village, taizhou city, jiangsu province, the running results showed that the initial purposes are achieved effectively, and it has a preferable practicability

    在渠道縱橫斷面優化方面，本文在利用已經比較成熟的縱橫斷面優化理論的基礎上，提出以工程總費用最小為目標函數，以渠道縱坡i為控制變量，以渠道不沖不淤流速及灌區允許地面比降為約束條件，通過縱橫斷面聯動優化的方法得到渠道的最佳工程可行的斷面參數。另外，針對部分地區的取土困難的狀況，本文採用積分法計算渠道工程土方量，從而大大提高了土方量的估算精度，有助於準確控制工程投資規模及資金投向。本文詳細闡述了該系統所採用的編程方法、系統構成、系統各組成模塊的開發過程以及灌區規劃所採用的優化方法及原理，最後應用本系統對泰州市翟家村機電灌區進行規劃設計，運行結果證明其操作比較簡便，界面友好，運行速度快，規劃成果合理，基本達到了系統預定的要求，具備較強的實用性。
  8. The thesis summarizes the basic theories of price discrimination, expatiated on the multi - class differential pricing method and dynamic differential pricing theory ; concludes the factors that have impacts on tickets - price, analyses and classfies the factors ; brings forward a canonical method of market segmentation, introduces the process of market segmentation based on the model of gray relative level, discusses the idiographic measure of ticket - price control ; improves the academic achievements of former scholars, puts forward a model of multi - class dynamic differential pricing for the air passenger transport, which is based on the maximum revenue for the airline industry, and gives a approximate arithmetic of the model, then showes the application of the model and its feasibility on increasing airline industry ’ s revenue by 25 models

    在對民航定價的國內外研究現狀進行綜述的基礎上，從經濟學角度介紹差別定價的基本理論，闡述民航客運的多等級差別定價理論和動態差別定價理論;對民航票價的影響因素進行分類說明;作為多等級定價的基礎，提出市場細分的標準和方法，用灰色關聯度模型解決航空旅客市場細分問題，並提出票價控制的具體措施;引入一種旅客到達頻率預測的統計方法，以航空公司收益最大化為目標，建立基於多等級定價基礎上的動態差別定價模型，即多等級動態差別定價模型，給出模型的遞歸演算法，通過對動態差別定價模型的運行結果進行分析，建立模型的一種近似模型，並且用25個簡單算例說明模型的用法以及在提高航空公司收益方面的可行性。
  9. An on - line minimum - variance estimator was developed for thrust acceleration applied to orbit transfer using discrete - time radar measurements. the mass - flow - rate of propellant was selected as a state variant, which was estimated by employing an integral state model and ekf filter. the variation equations for measurement vector to mass - flow - rate have been established to linearize the discrete - time measurement equations. the algorithm has applied successfully to maneuver process in commanding satellite into geo - stationary orbit. the results show that the algorithm developed here can monitor and determine whether engine works well or failure precisely and quickly during orbit transfer process

    飛行器軌道機動過程中，為跟蹤、定位機動目標和干預機動控制過程，需要統計處理離散的雷達觀測量實時估計推進發動機的推力，進而確定飛行器的瞬時軌道參數.本文所述演算法是該工程問題的探討和解決方案.文章建立了軌道機動過程中連續變質量運動模型和離散雷達量測模型，推進發動機的質量秒耗量作為表徵推力加速度的一個近似常量，應用擴展卡爾曼濾波對離散的雷達測量數據進行順序統計處理給出秒耗量的最小方差估計;文章詳細地推導了線性化量測模型的變分方程和觀測矩陣;模擬結果表明該演算法能快速、準確地估計推進發動機的質量秒耗量和向機動目標施加的實際推力
  10. With a purpose to provide basic data or figures for the feasible research of a project construction and its planning, taking the practical project of preselecting a factory location for an instance, using the principle and method of shallow seismic reflection, based on the area conditions, differences in physical features and disturbance, with experiments on typical sections of the construction area, one can draw reasonable measuring lines, choose right modes of producing and receiving waves, conduct primary and precise computer data processing, acquire a distinct reflected wave section from a shallow depth and explore the stratum structure in the preselected location and the distribution of longitudinal waves

    摘要結合某重大工程預選廠址項目的工程實例，利用淺層地震反射波法的原理和方法，根據現場的場地條件、物性差異和干擾情況等，結合典型地段的試驗，合理布置測線，選擇恰當的激發和接收方式，進行初步和精細的計算機資料處理，可以得到清晰的淺層反射剖面，準確地查明了預選廠址的地層結構和縱波速度分佈，為工程建設的可行性研究和規劃提供了基礎資料。
  11. Simulation results for non - isothermal flow pass plate have been shown. the spatial correlations in a fluid subjected to an external temperature gradient have been computed by using cellular automata simulations of a simple lattice - gas model with temperature. but, this theory is found limitedly applied to mechanics

    並給出了平板非等溫流體繞流流動現象的模擬結果；通過採用一個含有溫度的簡化格子氣模型，用細胞自動機方法，模擬計算了服從于外部溫度梯度的二維流體中的平衡與非平衡空間相關函數，數值結果表明：該方法的計算結果和由漲落流體動力學理論的預言在是性上是完全符合的； bernsdorf等人用ca討論在復雜障礙物情況時的流體流動問題。
  12. As early as 1997 i raised the question about our fiscal reserves, and the financial secretary gave me a detailed reply in 1998. though this budget only touches on the issue briefly, i have already predicted that it will still be a controversial area. upon the announcement of the budget, my prediction came true, many legislators queried whether our fiscal reserves were maintained at too high a level

    我在1997年已正式提出討論政府儲備的問題，並在1998年獲得財政司的詳細回應，雖然在今次預算案中著墨不多，但我早已預言它依然有存在值得商榷的地方，將會引起爭拗，事實證明，在預算案公布的前後，亦有不少議員質疑，儲備水平是否仍然高於需要。
  13. So the solution is to complete the transform from investment - pulling model to benefit - rise model. but strengthen the budget management is the precondition of capital - disbural efficiency. in fact, the budget management has become the base way of decision - making, control and self - restriction. the article is made up by three parts. capital - budget theory, technology and the background of domestic telecom enterprise are introduced in part1. in part2, we focus on the details of one state - owned telecom enterprise, diagonising the old capital budget rules and processes, bringing out a optimized capital - budget management model. in addition, i design two application case in view of the value - management function and behavior - management function

    全文主體分為三部分：第一部分為研究背景，簡要的回顧和交待了資本預算主要理論、方法及其在國內外企業的應用情況；第二部分深入到某國有電信企業資本預算管理的細節，對原資本預算管理流程、弊病進行了診斷，針對性地提出了資本預算管理優化模型的特點、要點，重點論述了本地網滾動性投資的預算方法，其中abc分類法等概念和應用是該公司在分公司進行試點過程中提出的簡明易用的創新型的實用方法。
  14. The designing thought of economic periodic fluctuation monitor and early warning software system is presented. the functions of all the sub - systems are explained in details

    第五章說明了經濟周期波動監測預警計算機軟體系統的總體設計思想，詳細地介紹了各子系統的功能。
  15. Firstly, the paper sums up program foundation of the auto design system for the structure of prestressed composite slab, in which object - oriented programming and multi - language programming are discussed emphatically. secondly, the paper illustrates program design of the auto design system in preprocess section, analyses calculation section and postprocess section respectively, in which the function design of the intellectualized collocation, the continuous beam model, the check of the precast slab, auto generation of the calculations and shop drawings is described weightily. finally, the practical design methods and process of the structure system of prestressed composite slab are expatiated by representative example

    在綜述了預應力樓蓋體系以及計算機輔助設計的相關內容，分析了國內外研究現狀，研究了疊合樓蓋的受力機理、抗彎抗剪性能以及經濟指標后，文中首先概括了預應力疊合樓蓋體系自動設計系統的編程基礎，其中重點討論了面向對象程序設計和混合語言編程技術；然後分前期處理、分析計算、後期處理三部分，詳細說明了預應力疊合樓蓋體系自動設計系統的程序設計，其中突出描述了程序所特有的智能布置、連續梁模型、預制板校核、生成計算書及施工圖等功能的設計；最後用實例講述了預應力疊合樓蓋體系的實際設計方法及步驟。
  16. The third chapter employed a new method of taking pressure as step to simulate refrigerant flow characteristics in adiabatic capillary tubes, based on adiabatic capillary tube mathematic models. refrigerant critical flux in capillary tubes is predicted by means of back - propagated method. it indicates that this method can save computational time, so it can be used in engineering

    在建立絕熱毛細管數學模型基礎上，採用以壓力為步長的新方法對絕熱毛細管進行了模擬計算，採用bp神經網路對製冷劑在毛細管中臨界流量進行了預測，結果表明該方法能夠較大幅度地節省計算時間，因而具有工程應用價值。
  17. In this paper, first, the five modules in the system are explained in detail including the input of chinese character, preprocessing, rough classification, fine classification and post - processing. especially as to the neural network classifier, we not only discuss the fundamental principle of bp network, feature extraction, the realization of bp network, the selection of network structure and parameters, but also discuss its drawbacks and its improved solutions

    本文首先對系統中漢字輸入、預處理、粗分類、細分類和后處理五大模塊進行了較詳細的說明，特別是對神經網路分類器，不僅討論了其原理、特徵提取、 bp演算法實現和網路結構及參數選擇，還探討了bp演算法的缺陷問題並提出了改進方法。
  18. An expanded treatment of the economic context of defense spending, specifically including additional fidelity interpreting the breakout of the budget and how the budget fits within the context of the leadership s economic priorities ; total defenserelated expenditures ; and national budget priorities, including a discussion of public trends within the announced defense budget and its lack of transparency

    擴大對防務支出經濟背景的評估，增加了準確解釋預算細目的內容，說明了預算與領導層擬定的首要經濟目標之關系；與防務相關的總支出；以及國家預算重點目標，在這方面從公布的防務預算框架內分析了公共支出趨勢及缺乏透明度等問題。
  19. Based on the analysis on the characteristics of the sudden water pollution accidents in detail, such as the uncertainty of space - time, the polluted range and the suffered objects, the features of different fiver basins and the unclearness of the main subjects to respond urgently, the concept on the construction of the early - warning and emergency response system is made under the consideration of three parts - the early warning mechanism, the emergency mechanism and the computer - aiding decision system ; for which the hazard resources distinguishing, risk appraisal and the emergency response principles with the relevant organization, classification, monitoring, treatment method etc. are described, and then the requirements of both the processing of the accident simulation and the database design are analyzed as well

    在深入分析突發性水污染事故時空、污染范圍和污染對象的不確定性、流域性、應急主體不明確等特點的基礎上，構建突發性水污染事故預警應急系統體系，認為該系統應包括預警機制、應急機制和計算機輔助決策系統三個部分，並詳細闡述危險源辨識、風險評價、應急原則、應急組織機構、應急分級、應急監測、應急處理方法等內容，同時分析了事故模擬的流程和數據庫設計的要求。
  20. A detailed examination of approaches to the management of research and teaching, and academics ' reactions to those approaches can provide insights into the impacts of performance - based and other methods of university budgeting

    「有一個非常詳細的案例，是關于教學和科研的管理方法以及學術界對此方法的反映的，該案例為說明以績效為基礎的方式以及其他的高校預算方式提供了深刻的見解」這么翻譯準確嗎？
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