易變遷的 的英文怎麼說
中文拼音 [yìbiànqiānde]
易變遷的
英文
brittle-
Chapter 2 and chapter 3 analyzed the change of world honey production and trade, the distribution of apiculture production and trade structure of international honey market. linear increase model and the method of " revealed " comparative advantage was adopted respectively in forecasting world honey output and comparing competitive ability of main honey export countries
第二章和第三章實證分析了世界蜂蜜總產量與貿易量的變遷，世界蜂業的產地分佈和世界蜂蜜市場的貿易結構，採用線性增長模型對世界蜂蜜總產量進行了定量預測，採用「顯示」比較優勢法等方法對主要蜂蜜出口國的競爭力進行了比較。The present age and society is so different from ancient times, that of course, our rules of etiquette will be different from those followed by the ancients ; however, the principle behind them unchangeable
今日的時代與社會，在經歷了這麼大的變遷之後，古人所定的禮儀當然可以不同，但是原則卻是不可移易的。Trade patterns shift : turning down all the tea in china would weigh heavily, to be sure, but the european union is more impressed by the chinese production of bras and dressing - gowns
貿易格局變遷方面：降低中國所有的茶葉量當然事關重大，但中國胸罩和晨衣的生產對歐盟也影響深刻。The main conclusions read as follows : ( 1 ) on the premise of stabling the land contract right, the land use right could be transferred, in order to make better use of land ; ( 2 ) propose considering the net profit of land and farmer ' s minimum living guarantee synthetically to make the price standard of land, drawing up the fee of tlur according to the difference between the net profit of land and the contract fee, and perfecting the land grades system additionally ; ( 3 ) to reduce the transaction costs of land transference, we should establish and perfect the medium mechanism of land transference ; ( 4 ) to affect the institutional changes positively, government should do a good job of macro - control, and optimize the institution environment continually
本文的主要結論是： （ 1 ）在穩定土地承包權的前提下，土地使用權應進行市場化流轉，實現農村土地的有效利用和適度規模經營； （ 2 ）建議綜合考慮土地純收益和農產最低生活保障來制訂土地價格標準，而土地使用權流轉費應根據土地純收益與集體承包費的差額來確定，另外必須健全土地分等定級制度； （ 3 ）為了降低土地流轉的交易費用，必須建立和規范土地交易中介機制； （ 4 ）做好宏觀調控工作，不斷優化制度環境，發揮政府在制度變遷中的積極作用。From this point of interacting pattern of power and space of a settlement, in category of living organization of a settlement, this paper studies the change of five kinds of primary functional space : the government space, the religious space, the living space, the exchange space, the production space in city space of previous qin period
本文從城市中權力與空間的互動模式入手，在城市聚居生活組織的范疇內，對行政空間、祭祀空間、居住空間、市易空間、生產空間等幾個功能空間在先秦城市空間格局中的變遷進行了初步的考察。The form of the transaction costs is changed continuously in the collection system of the social insurance in china
在中國社會保險繳款徵收制度變遷過程中，交易費用的存在形式是不斷變化的。In the direct effect, the international trade effect is obvious, which build the first grade of fdi ’ s economic growth. while in the indirect effect, technology advancement and industry structure promotion build the second grade of fdi ’ s economic growth. and the capital accumulation effect along with some other outside effect, such as system innovation effect and effects of employment, which build the third grade of fdi ’ s economic growth
兩者之間既單獨產生作用又相互影響，但它們所表現的增長推動力和著力點是不一樣的:在直接效應中，貿易促進作用是顯著的，它構成了fdi對我國經濟增長的第一序列;在間接效應中，技術進步和產業結構升級的作用是顯著的，它構成了fdi對我國經濟增長的第二序列;而不顯著的國內資本形成效應、制度變遷效應以及一些其他外部效應，則構成了fdi對我國經濟增長的第三序列。This thesis first compares the difference between the physical retailing and the e - retailing, and then discusses the advantages in e - retailing, which expand the content of service in e - retailing products through the innovation of product, the innovation of management technology and the innovation of contracting environments. as the procedure of e - retailing, the thesis considers the e - retailing as the life - cycle of a product. based on this, the thesis gives the basic conditions and fundamental environments supporting the e - retailing, which includes the improved infrastructure and internet network, the enough number of consumers, the upgrading of ' management technology, the convenient logistic conditions and the popularity of internet payment tools
對網路零售的發展過程，本文理解為以社會經濟環境的變遷所決定的網路零售生命周期，依此為參照，通過與美國等發達國家網路零售環境的比較，探討網路零售進入成長期的臨界條件和環境，即社會經濟環境的發展和變遷帶來的交易成本的下降是網路零售得以實現的基礎，包括：基礎設施和通訊設施的完善、網路零售消費者群體的發展壯大、管理技術條件的進步和提升、良好的物流配送環境、網路支付手段和網路銀行的普及。In this thesis, history and present condition of onychomycosis have been introduced which including impressionable factors of onychomycosis, the method of getting specimens, diagnosis and identification of onychomycosis, composing and variance of pathogen and therapy of onychomycosis. at the same time, the epidemiology data ' s localization of present onychomycosis and the purpose and meaning of our study have been presented. in the first part of this research, isolation and purity method were introduced
本文綜述了甲真菌病的歷史和現狀，包括甲真菌病的易感因素、甲真菌的取材方法、甲真菌病的診斷和鑒定方法、致病菌菌種的構成與變遷以及甲真菌病的治療，同時介紹了當前有關甲真菌病流行病學資料的局限性以及我們研究甲真菌病的目的及意義。The article has researched the intention of agricultural industrialization which is guided by market and mainstay enterprises, based on agricultural product base organized by a lot of families, and characterized by joint management and mutual benefit. it also realized production specialization, product commercialization, service socialization and etc. the article has also researched the existing conditions of agricultural industrialization both at home and abroad. although it is different in national conditions and actual practice, the developed countries follows the market economic law and naturally steps on the road of agricultural industrialization. as the continuous reforming and opening up, china actively explores and enhances the management level of agricultural industrialization. the writer uses system changing theory, scale management theory, trade expense theory. market system theory and industrial economics theory, to put forward the main type of mainstay enterprises, which is divided by ownership, organization form, contact form and product. the writer thinks that development of mainstay enterprises can promote effective joining between small production and big market, the developing of high - benefit agriculture, establishing trade / industry / agriculture operation system, region economics and joining process between urban area and rural area. the existing conditions in strengthening the mainstay enterprises in zhaoyuan embodies continuous expanding in scale. continuous widening in fields, continuous enhancing in benefits, continuous improving in techology and quality. by finding the problem and shortage in product quality, developing ability and scale strength, the article has put forward the following views : face to market and enhance quality and techological content of agricultural products ; enforce flexible policy and investments ; establish fair and reasonable benefits joining system. the article has also put forward the countermeasures and suggestions on enhancing the enterprises ' management level
文章研究了農業產業化經營的內涵，明確其以市場為導向、以龍頭企業為依託、以一大批農戶組成的農產品生產基地為基礎，形成農工商有機結合、風險共擔、利益均沾的本質特點，表現出生產專業化、經營一體化、企業規模化、產品商品化、服務社會化等特徵。分析了國內外產業化經營的現狀，認為盡管各國的國情不同，具體的做法和叫法不盡相同，但是經濟發達國家都遵循市場經濟規律，很自然走上了農業產業化經營的道路，發展中國家紛紛仿效，中國也隨著改革開放不斷深入，積極探索發展提高農業產業化經營水平。作者運用制度變遷理論、規模經營理論、交易費用理論、市場機制理論和產業經濟學理論，提出了龍頭企業從所有制形式、從組織形式、從聯系方式及從產品上劃分的主要類型；認為發展龍頭企業有促進小生產與大市場的有效對接、推動優質高效農業縱深發展、建立貿工農一體化運行機制、振興區域經濟、加速城鄉一體化進程等作用；考察了招遠市壯大龍頭企業推進農業產業化的現狀，表現在規模不斷擴大、領域不斷拓寬、效益不斷提高、技術不斷改進、質量不斷提高等方面；找出了龍頭企業產品質量上、開發能力上、規模實力上和行業自律上的問題和差距，提出了要面向市場，努力提高農產品的質量和科技含量，多策並舉，搞活投入機制，建立公平合理的利益聯結機制，加強行業自律，提高企業經營管理水平等對策和建議。According to the institutional costs theory, whether an company should take the mode of direct entry into the market or transaction of the key factors of the property rights is subject to the transaction costs - the total institutional cost, of the institutional arrangement, that is, the one that costs less is the best choice. the theory of institutional change explains that, in order to help domestic enterprises obtain the potential benefits during the process of m & a, the country establishes fundamental regulations for m & a through innovation, establishment of m & a regulations, and formulation of rational and efficient m & a law
在引入制度成本理論解釋企業並購時指出，一個企業是選擇直接進入市場，還是選擇與另一企業進行要素產權的交易，從而獲得在市場競爭中處于更加有利的新要素，則要選擇制度安排中交易成本最小的一種，交易成本是一系列制度成本的總和；在引入制度變遷理論對企業並購進行解釋時指出，國家通過創新和制定企業並購的制度，制定合理有效率的並購法律條款，創造出並購的基礎性制度，以獲取本國企業在並購中的潛在收益。Nowdays, under the pressure of agricultural manufacture mostly depend on market, and the peasants requirements becomes excessive, to enhance the efficiency of the small farmer " economy in large market, decrease the risk and indeterminacy in market bargaining, there must have a organization to be the agency inter peasants and market, the organization must delegate benefit of the peasants straightly and in deed, so construct farmer cooperative organization is. very important we can know the facts through evaluate the performance of the peasants cooperative organization history : the knowledge about cooperative and follow which guidance have some relation in the development of peasants cooperative organization ; we should choose the gradually pattern for system flux, must consider the economic behavior expect in the main body of organization - the farms
通過對農民合作組織的歷史績效評價可以看到：對合作的認識和遵循的指導思想與農民合作組織的發展關系很大；在制度變遷道路選擇上應考慮借鑒漸進式改革之路；必須考慮參加者主體?農戶的經濟行為預期及產權結構、組織壟斷、規模等因素的影響。農民合作組織發展的必然性源於農業生產的生物性、地域分散性和生產的隨意性，同時也決定農民合作經濟組織必須具有靈活性、多樣化、可過渡性和以社區為基礎的特殊要求。從制度經濟學分析，農民合作經濟組織在降低農民外部交易成本、實現公平和效率平衡、降低風險和不確定性等方面具有經濟上的合理性，所以有進一步規范和發展的必要。With the retrospect and critique of the existing firm theory, this paper analyses the possible faults of each school ' s theory, which includes the theory of smith, marx, new classical and neo - institution, and utilizes the historical data to analyze the relation between the firm ' s boundary and income, and classifies the direct and indirect income of the firm to establish a new function of the firm ' s boundary which can explain the changes of the firm scale and the effect of the perfecting institution diminishing the transaction cost and raising the efficiency of the society action
論文首先對現有的企業理論進行了批判性的回顧，逐一分析各學派包括斯密、馬克思、新古典以及新制度學派的理論可能存在的不足和缺陷。在此基礎上，論文利用歷史數據分析企業邊界與企業收入之間的關系，區分顯性收入和隱性收入，建立新的企業規模函數。在證明新的企業規模函數的合理性的基礎上，論文利用這一函數解釋企業的變遷，說明制度的完善將降低交易費用，提高社會活動的效率，並且認為隨著制度的完善、個人目標和社會目標的趨同，共產主義社會並非是遙不可及的夢想。Institutional economics is its basic theoretical clue. the institutional approach includes : transaction cost is a basic view for housing finance institutions and a certain institution follows the principle of minimum transaction cost ; financial deepenness and financial function theories are important ways to understand housing finance institution ; a systematic institutional structure of housing finance comes from the interaction of social economy, culture and politics, and institutional bundling and embeddedness are common forms ; financial structure theory is a forceful quantitative way to analyses housing finance institutions ; minimization of transaction cost is the basic motivation for institutional transformation, and the basic ways are forced transformation and induced transformation ; equity and efficiency are basic criteria for evaluating housing finance institutions, which may implement through certain institutions while government acts as leverage between equity and efficiency. ( 2 ) multiformality and transformation of housing finance
制度經濟學是基本的理論線索，制度分析範式包括如下方面：交易成本是考察住房金融制度的基本視角，特定的住房制度安排遵循約束條件交易成本最小化原則；金融深化和金融功能理論是理解特定住房金融制度安排的重要輔助方法；整體性住房金融制度結構的形成是包括社會經濟、文化、政治等各類制度在內互相影響、平衡的產物，制度捆綁和制度嵌入是常見的形式；金融結構方法是用制度分析方法解釋住房金融制度的有力的定量分析工具；住房金融制度變遷的基本動因是交易成本最小化（外部收益內部化） ，變遷的基本方式是強制性變遷和誘致性變遷；公平和效率是住房金融制度評價的基本標準，公平和效率通過一定的制度安排可以同時實現，政府在住房金融制度中起著平衡公平和效率的杠桿作用。Based on the innovation theories, the article introduces into the theoretical study of the commercial banking innovation such economic and natural science theories as trading expenses, game theory, system transformation and the theory of evolution. from the standing point of optimizing resources distribution, the article argues and proves that the development of commercial banks are connected with and promoted by several subjective and objective factors, but the dominant factor in the substantial breakthrough of commercial banks lies in innovation
文章以創新理論為基點，將交易費用、博弈論、制度變遷，以及進化論等經濟和自然科學理論引入商業銀行創新的理論分析研究之中，並以優化資源配置為角度，論證了商業銀行發展是由多種主客觀因素維系和推動的，而引起商業銀行質的飛躍的主導因素是創新。International trade pattern has a vicissitude consistent with nations " cultures
國際貿易格局的變遷與各國文化稟賦的興衰具有一致性。The topic of this paper is to analyze the linkage and make empirical research on inter - market arbitrage from the difference in pricing between interbank market and exchange market, and accordingly find out the characteristic and variety of market mechanism in the process of transformation of treasure market institution
本文研究的主題，是從銀行間國債市場和交易所國債市場在定價上的聯系或偏差出發，進行聯動性的考察和套利的實證研究，從而在中國國債市場制度變遷的過程中，從價格視角反映出市場機制本身的特徵和變化。As to the change of trading techonogies, most markets have evovled from floor trading to electronic trading. among different markets, electronic trading have penetrated most comprehensively in the stock market. as to the trading process, electronic trading has prevaded in the pre - and post - trade information dissemination, order transmission and execution, settlements, etc. in 1990 ' s, internet has altered the traditional operation model of securities trading, which mainly includes the trading services on internet, internet dpo and alternative trading systems
從交易技術變遷的角度看，大多數證券市場都經歷了從人工交易演變為電子交易的過程；從不同證券市場來看，電子交易在股票市場發展最為深入，但固定收益證券市場和衍生品市場電子交易的發展勢頭也非常迅猛；從證券交易過程來看，電子交易已滲透至交易信息披露、指令傳遞與指令執行、清算交割等環節。The article deems that the research on the issue of the aeco and its development could n ' t be confined simply the existed theories of agricultural cooperation, and should be combined with the relevant theories of modern enterprise with the objective condition changing, which have the directive meanings to the research. chapter 3. the historical change and evaluation to aeco the research is carried out according to the main line of the historical vicissitudes to aeco in the fields of production, marketing and credit
本文認為，研究現行農業經濟合作組織不能單純局限於原有農業合作理論的框架內，而應隨著客觀條件（如社會主義市場經濟體制的逐步建立、農業產業化經營以及合作社制度的變遷）的變化，順應產業融合的發展趨勢，與時俱進，廣泛吸納現代企業的相關理論（如委託代理理論、交易費用理論、博弈論與信息經濟學等） ，研究和探索新形勢下農業經濟合作組織的發展問題。Existent leadership theories, such as transactional and transformational leadership, based on the assumption of stability and certainty, can ' t effectively motive employee in the quickly changing environment
現有的領導理論，例如交易型領導及轉換型領導，預設穩定及確定的外在環境，無法在今日不斷變遷的全球化時代，有效地激勵員工。分享友人