替代成本 的英文怎麼說

中文拼音 [tìdàichéngběn]
替代成本 英文
alternative cost
  • 替 : Ⅰ動詞1 （代替） replace; substitute for; supply [take] the place of 2 [書面語] （衰敗） decline Ⅱ...
  • 代 : Ⅰ動詞1 （代替） take the place of; be in place of 2 （代理） act on behalf of; acting Ⅱ名詞1 （歷...
  • 成 : Ⅰ動詞1 （完成; 成功） accomplish; succeed 2 （成為; 變為） become; turn into 3 （成全） help comp...
  • 本 : i 名詞1 （草木的莖或根）stem or root of plants 2 （事物的根源）foundation; origin; basis 3 （本錢...
  • 替代 : substitute for; supersede; replace; substitution; replacement
  1. In the course, the condition and the process of forming and changing of minerals, the typomorphic features of minerals, the characteristics of the distribution and the evolution of minerals and their paragenetic associations in the period and the space, the methods of mineral analyses and research, the geological thermometers and the geologicial barometers of minerals, mineral paragenetic associations and paragenesis analyses will be introduced, and the magnificent and the microscopic genetic characteristics of pyrite, quartz, garnet, pyroxene, amphibole, mica, feldspar, and other minerals will be dealt with particularly

    本課程主要講述礦物及其共生組合的形成和變化的條件和過程，不同物理化學條件下礦物的成分、結構、形態、物性等標型特徵以及它們之間的內在聯系，礦物及其共生組合在時間上和空間上的分佈和演化規律，礦物成分、結構、形貌、物性等的分析測試方法，礦物地質溫度計和地質壓力計對其形成環境的表徵，不同體系（封閉體系、開放體系）條件下，礦物的穩定范圍和彼此替代順序的共生分析，重點介紹黃鐵礦、石英、石榴石、輝石、角閃石、雲母、長石等礦物（族）在成因上的宏觀標志和微觀信息，以及其成因信息在成巖作用和成礦作用中的地質意義。
  2. The bite shape of this machine absolutely replace angle iron flange. the form is efficiently finished, with artistic appearance

    本機咬口形狀完全替代風管製作中的角鐵法蘭，成型高效、美觀，令您省料、省工、省時。
  3. In order to be the choice of hdtv, different kinds of displays develop much fast in the recent years. the dissertation introduces the development of all kinds of display, and gets the conclusion that, cpt still has the great advantage in the tv terminal field under the condition that the lcd is taking the place of cpt in the cdt field. the main research contents of cpt which includes high - luminance, high - contrast, high - definition, low - power, and complanation, have been investigated

    本文系統地闡述了hdtv用的顯示器件的基本要求及其發展歷史和現狀，介紹了各類顯示器件欲成為hdtv終端顯示近年來所作的努力；總結出了雖然在彩色顯示器（ cdt ）領域，液晶顯示器（ lcd ）已經大有取而代之之勢，但是在電視終端領域，彩色顯像管（ cpt ）還是有其不可替代的巨大優勢；並分析了高亮度、高對比度、高解析度、低功耗、平面化等cpt製造的關鍵技術和研究動向。
  4. You expressly understand and agree that accoona shall not be liable for any direct, indirect, incidental, special, consequential or exemplary damages, including but not limited to, damages for loss of profits, goodwill, use, data or other intangible losses even if accoona has been advised of the possibility of such damages, resulting from : the use or the inability to use the service ; the cost of procurement of substitute goods and services resulting from any goods, data, information or services purchased or obtained or messages received or transactions entered into through or from the service ; unauthorized access to or alteration of your transmissions or data ; statements or conduct of any third party on the service ; or any other matter relating to the service

    您明確了解並同意，基於以下原因而造成之利潤、商譽、使用、資料損失或其他無形損失， accoona不承擔任何直接、間接、附帶、特別、衍生性或懲罰性賠償（即使accoona已被告知如前所述的賠償之可能性） （ i ）本服務之使用或無法使用， （ ii ）經由或透過本服務購買或取得之任何商品、資料、資訊或服務，或接收之訊息，或進行之交易所衍生之替代商品及服務之購買成本， （ iii ）您的傳輸或資料遭到未獲授權的存取或變造， （ iv ）本服務中任何第三人之聲明或行為，或（ v ）本服務其他相關事宜。
  5. You agree that sahaja yoga hk shall not be responsible or liable for any loss or damage of any kind incurred as the result of any such dealings or as the result of the presence of such advertisers on sahaja yoga hk. 7. you expressly understand and agree that sahaja yoga hk shall not be liable for any direct, indirect, incidental, special, consequential or exemplary damages, including but not limited to, damages for loss or profits, goodwill, use, data or other intangible losses, resulting from the use or inability to use the service ; unauthorized access to or alteration of your transmissions or data ; statements or conduct of any third party on the service ; or any other matter relating to the service

    7 .您明確了解並同意，基於以下原因而造成之損失，包括但不限於利潤商譽使用資料損失或其他無形損失霎哈嘉瑜伽不承擔任何直接間接附帶特別衍生性或懲罰性賠償即使霎哈嘉瑜伽已被告知前開賠償之可能性亦然: i本服務之使用或無法使用， ii經由或透過本服務購買或取得之任何商品資料資訊或服務，或接收之訊息，或進行之交易所衍生之替代商品及服務之購買成本， iii您的傳輸或資料遭到未獲授權的存取或變造， iv本服務中任何第三人之聲明或行為，或v本服務其他相關事宜。
  6. Songrongtang ( srt ) chemical industrial branch company is mainly manufactured in environmental protection bathing series : dove bath confetti 、 dove solid saponification 、 bath ball 、 transparency soap 、 hot spring bath bubbles 、 bath salt ect. the products are supervised by kaifu research institute and hong kong kaida industry limited company, the products which have colorful appearance can be substituted for fanvy soap 、 facial cream 、 bath lotory 、 bank 、 post office 、 school 、 restaurant 、 hotel especially for traveler 、 gift 、 present. our products are well sold in the countries and regions of japan 、 america 、 europe 、 australia

    松榮堂化工分公司是恩平市邦企業有限公司屬下企業，主要生產環保型沐浴產品，包括：多芬香皂片、多芬立體皂花，透明皂、沐浴珠等產品，此產品由凱富科學技術應用研究所和香港凱達實業發展有限公司共研製而成，具有色彩鮮艷、易溶於水的特點，深受消費者的好評，可替代香皂、洗面奶、沐浴露，是新一代的健康沐浴產品，適用於家庭、工廠、銀行、郵局、學校、賓館、酒店等領域，尤其是旅遊人士或作為禮品、贈品，產品遠銷日本、美國、歐洲、澳大利亞等十幾個國家和地區。
  7. Since your design is in turquoise ground colour which is rather expensive, we have to use the reactive dyes for making similar colour as a substitute

    由於貴方花樣是太青底色，成本較高，我們不得不採用活性染料做近似色來代替。
  8. Because along with the liberalization of china ’ s capital account, once the economic developing speed slows down, capital account and current account ’ s surpluses reverse to deficits, the appreciation expect of renminbi will be changed. at the same time, the high quota savings in china ’ s banks will also bring us inflation pressure, inapparent currency substitution may be turn into visible currency substitution. also, the great deal of currency substitution inclining may convert into real currency substitution because of the vulnerable financial system

    但另一方面，它又離我們那麼近，因為隨著中國資本賬戶開放的逐漸深入，一旦我國經濟不能保持高速發展，資本賬戶和經常賬戶雙順差現象出現逆轉，人民幣升值的預期將被改變，而我國高額的人民幣儲蓄也將給我國帶來通脹壓力，隱性的貨幣替代將有轉為顯性貨幣替代的可能，由於金融體系脆弱性所造成的大量貨幣替代傾向也很可能轉化為真實的貨幣替代。
  9. However, the waterproof function and anti - fungus capability of ccf is relatively so poor that the quantity of first - grade and excellent - quality products is very few. in addition, the external antifriction layer of ccf is expensive and faulty, and 80 % of manufactories in china depend on the import antifriction paper. aimed at the situation, this paper put forward a simple and effective way - rabbet surface sealing technique ( rsst ) to improve the waterproof function and anti - fungus capability of ccf

    本文針對其防水抗霉性能較差、一等品及優等品極少；以及其表層耐磨紙價格昂貴、缺陷較多，尤其我國生產廠家80依賴進口耐磨紙的現狀，提出一種簡便而行之有效的方法? ?企口表面全封閉法來改善復合強化地板的防水抗霉性能，並採用國產材料研製出一種集裝飾功能與高耐磨性能於一體、生產成本很低的新型高耐磨層，以替代進口耐磨紙。
  10. Without preferred stock, stock warrant and treasury stock, our countries " listed companies are lame. it is important for our country to carry out the exchanging businesses of preferred stock, stock warrant and treasury stock. it will not only avail in improving the capital stock structure of listed companies, but also give play to the capital mechanism in society resource distribution

    優先股、認股權證、庫藏股都是股份制企業或上市公司不可或缺的品種或組成部分，並且在國外證券市場上起著不可替代的作用，而中國市場經濟條件下的股份有限公司只有普通股設置，是跛足而行，因此，也須設置優先股，並同時開展認股權證交易及鼓勵庫藏股交易，進行證券市場金融工具創新，從而改善上市公司的股本結構，充分發揮資本機制在社會資源配置中的功能和作用。
  11. ( 3 ) according to the actual geology situation in the material field, use the " alternation " principle of the value engineering analysis methods, and then find a better construction method to satisfy the requirement of rock - fill material, through using chamber blasting to substitute muffling and using an - fo to substitute ammonium nitrate explosive, and then huge economical benefits were gained, for example, the unit cost of its rock - fill material reduced from 11. 77 m3 to 7. 17 / m3, and directly reduced the total cost by 4. 26 million of cost

    （ : 3 ）依據料場的實際地質情況，通過價值工程活動，利用價值分析的「代替」原理，在滿足堆石料功能不變的條件下，採用洞室爆破代替深孔梯段爆破，採用按油炸藥代替錢梯炸藥，使得堆石料的開采成本顯著降低，從投標價的h . 70元/ m3降低到7 . 17元/ m3 ，降低了4 . 53元/ mj ，以上壩堆石料94 . 2萬m 「計，直接降低成本426 . 75萬元，產生了巨大的經濟效益。
  12. Such materials can be used in lubricating bearings, diamond tools and rubbing tools, as substitution for copper powder, bronze powder and brass powder, thus reducing the production costs considerably

    可代替一些銅粉、青銅粉和黃銅粉產品，從原料上大大降低了生產成本。
  13. Here a low cost optimal position system with speed - loop open and position - loop closed based on fuzzy control is presented, it employs fuzzy controller to verdict rotor velocity approximately and a fuzzy switching curve is substituted for real one to achieve bang - bang switch, no limit - loop or oscillation occurs. at the end of this chapter, a dc break curve is discussed

    為了實現經濟實用的點對點快速定位系統，實際系統採用速度開環、位置閉環結構，速度量從模糊控制器得到，既不實測也不軟體估計，用模糊開關線代替真實開關線進行控制量狀態切換，無極限環或振蕩現象，而成本則大大降低。
  14. The major achievements obtained in this paper are as follows : 1. it analyses the essential features of sericulture in detail and points out that it has many unique characters that are different from general agriculture, such as the irreplaceability of silkworm eggs, mulberry trees and cocoons, high special - purpose of reeling industry ' s assets, complete commercial characters of cocoons and so on

    本文主要研究成果如下：一、詳細分析了蠶業的基本特性，指出蠶業具有不同於一般農業的諸多特點，如蠶種、桑樹、蠶繭的不可替代性，繅絲企業的高度資產專用性，蠶繭的完全商品特性等。
  15. Though using inexpensive resources sounds like an obvious cost - cutting strategy, exchanging less costly resources for expensive ones can be tricky

    盡管使用廉價資源是一種明顯的降低成本的策略，但是用低成本資源代替高成本資源可能是不可靠的。
  16. Aiming at this problem, the main research issues and achievements in this paper are as follows : bi - directional data transformation between rdb and xml with semantic constraints preserved for most of existing researches on static data transformation between xml and rdb, dtd is taken as the schema description language for xml, and the semantic constraints are often lost during the transformation process. to overcome these disadvantages, the author adopts xml - schema, a standard schema description language proposed by w3c to replace dtd, as the description method owing to its more powerful functions than dtd, and of course with the syntax much more complicated. after analyzing the constraints characteristics in both xml - schema and relational schema, a semantic constraints - preserved algorithm is proposed which can realize the bi - directional schema mapping between rdb and xml through a formalized description of xml based on regular tree and a general expression for relational schema based on direct graph approach

    保留語義約束的xml與rdb雙向靜態數據轉換技術現有研究大多採用dtd （ documenttypedefinition ，文檔類型定義）作為xml的模式描述語言，並且在模式映射過程中丟失語義約束信息，本文分析了xml - schema （ xml - schema採用與dtd完全不同的語法，數據描述能力更強同時也更為復雜，已被w3c確定為替代dtd作為xml模式描述語言的標準）及關系模式的語義約束特徵，通過基於正則樹的xml形式化描述方法以及基於有向圖的一般關系模式表示方法的研究，建立保留語義約束的xml - schema與關系模式的雙向模式映射演算法，實現了xml與rdb的雙向數據轉換，較好地解決了xml與rdb在靜態數據轉換層面的數據集成問題，可有效滿足企業大量rdb數據面向xml的發布以及與日俱增的xml數據存入rdb的應用需求。
  17. Article 34 with respect to major public construction projects and major policy implementation plans, before the budget estimates and budget proposals are compiled, a cost efficiency analysis report on the alternative measures and substitute measures must be first drawn up and attached with a description of the financing and capital employment. and the report should be forwarded to the legislative yuan for its files and reference

    第34條重要公共工程建設及重大施政計畫，應先行製作選擇方案及替代方案之成本效益分析報告，並提供財源籌措及資金運用之說明，始得編列概算及預算案，並送立法院備查。
  18. To make full use of substitution of all relationships and to integrate all employment sources must reduce the relative costs, and the concrete measures are : to make career arms and employment plans in college and to show detailed employment plans and arms of the employing units ; to set up fully employment information service system and make complete use of the internet ; to construct the graduate employment markets and reinforce the montority of the medium service ; to enstrength the construction of employment centre of college

    利用替代關系，有機整合各類就業資源，可以降低就業成本，具體措施為：高校開展職業生涯規劃與就業指導，招聘單位有翔實的用人計劃和目標；建立健全就業信息服務體系，發揮網路優勢；規范大學生就業市場，加強對中介機構的監管力度；加強高校就業指導中心的建設。
  19. The costs of finding additional reserves of oil and gas have soared, an industry study shows, adding to the malaise of international oil companies

    「鑒于增加的資本投入未能轉化為新增儲量，儲量替代成本飆升了73 % ， 」一項針對200家油氣公司的研究發現。
  20. “ reserves replacement costs surged 73 per cent as increased capital spending did not translate into incremental reserve additions, ” a study of 200 oil and gas companies found

    「鑒于增加的資本投入未能轉化為新增儲量，儲量替代成本飆升了73 % ， 」一項針對200家油氣公司的研究發現。
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