最後通路階段 的英文怎麼說

中文拼音 [zuìhòutōnglùjiēduàn]
最後通路階段 英文
last pass phase
  • 最 : 副詞（表示某種屬性超過所有同類的人或事物） most; best; worst; first; very; least; above all; -est
  • 通 : 通量詞（用於動作）
  • 路 : 1 （道路） road; way; path 2 （路程） journey; distance 3 （途徑; 門路） way; means 4 （條理） se...
  • 階 : 名詞1. （臺階） steps; stairs 2. （等級） rank 3. [醫學] （耳蝸的三個螺旋管的任一個） scala 4. [數學] order 5. [地質學] stage
  • 段 : Ⅰ量詞（部分） section; segment; part; paragraph; passage Ⅱ名詞（姓氏） a surname
  • 最後 : last; final; ultimate
  • 通路 : thoroughfare; highway; highroad; route; viae; lead; outlet; approach; passage; gangway; access; c...
  • 階段 : stage; phase; period; gradation; bench
  1. Lastly, by philosophical analyzing the article draws conclusion : going on with efficient institutional change asks for dynamical grasping of path characteristic. so at present in order to advance the change the cumulative cost of institutional gradual change must be apportioned reasonably ; adjusting the change strategy wholly makes unitary institutional innovation accompanying configurable innovation ; switching institutional change mode neatly makes sure that the following change is efficient ; government ' s playing the leader role of institutional change makes adverse path dependency be got over and thoroughly resolves the shortage problem of effective institution

    最後，運用通觀全局、抓主要矛盾與矛盾的主要方面的哲學方法進行總結性分析，得出「繼續實現富有成效的制度變遷需動態把握路徑特徵」的結論，那麼，現階段應該對漸進式制度變遷的累積成本進行合理分攤，確保進一步變遷順利推進；從總體上調整制度變遷策略，形成由單項制度創新所引領的制度結構創新安排；針對變遷過程適時靈活轉換變遷方式，使變遷方式交叉復合、優勢互補，確保進一步制度變遷的效率；強化政府的變遷主體地位，以克服不利的路徑依賴，從根本上解決阻礙進一步變遷的有效制度缺失問題。
  2. By means of inquisition, the paper analyzes the causes of cement concrete pavement damage in earlier period, divides its damage into stages and analyzes the damage mechanism in theory, then puts forward relevant countermeasure for all stages. on base of these, by studying large quantity of experiments indoors combined testing road, the technique of pressing mortar under cement concrete plank and changing pavement plank, the material used to quickly repair pavement and system for draining off water are analyzed and researched in detail from principle to craft. at same tune, all kinds of repairing material and technique adaptable to cement concrete pavement are put forward

    本文通過對水泥混凝土路面破損的調查，分析了造成水泥混凝土路面早期破損的原因；劃分了水泥混凝土破壞階段，對不同階段的破壞機理進行了理論分析，並相應的提出了各階段的維修養護對策；在此基礎上，通過大量的室內試驗並結合試驗路的研究，重點對水泥混凝土板底壓漿技術、水泥混凝土路面的換板技術、水泥混凝土路面的快速修補材料以及對水泥混凝土路面的排水系統從技術、原理到材料工藝進行了詳細研究和理論分析，提出了適應各種水泥混凝土路面破壞的修補材料和修補技術；最後本文還對修築水泥混凝土路面提出了具有指導性的建議。
  3. The thesis " s innovation mainly lies in the following : through the analyses of the intergovernmental grant in the whole country and absorbing other countries " experience, it draws some common laws which is vital to the research on intergovernmental grants toward the west region after setting up the aim of our national financial grant, which is to enhance the equalization of the whole nation ' s public service, different with the ordinary idea of using the unconditional grants to achieve this aim, the thesis points out that regionality and phase should be noticed when grant is implemented toward specific region, and discusses the relations between aim and means of grant, combining with the improvement reality of the west region, viewing the matter from a angle of the relation between efficiency and fairness, direct short - term aim and final long - term aim, the thesis says that the west region should gets mainly conditional grant, and takes the unconditional grant as supplement, which can achieve fairness on the basis of improvement of efficiency

    文章的新意主要有：通過對我國財政轉移支付的分析，以及國際經驗的借鑒，得出規律性的結論，並在確立了我國財政轉移支付的目標是促進全國公共服務水平的均等化之後，一改用一般性轉移支付直接達到這一目標的常規思路，提出對具體地方的轉移支付方式要有地區性和階段性，並討論了轉移支付的目標和手段（或方式）的關系，結合西部的實際發展情況，從「效率」與「公平」 、 「直接近期目標」與「最終長期目標」的相互關系的視角出發，提出更好地實施對西部轉移支付的方式是以有條件轉移支付為主、無條件轉移支付為輔，在提高「效率」的基礎上來達到「公平」 。
  4. Afterwards, in the second phase, based on the inventory supplement plan in the first phase, this paper transforms the sub - problem in this phase into vehicle routing problem with time window constrains through the theories and methods of vrp, and solves this problem by way of genetic algorithm, to make a final complete inventory supplement and transportation plan

    然後，在第二階段借用車輛路線安排問題（ vrp ）的理論和方法，以第一階段的庫存補充計劃為基礎，將第二階段的子問題規劃成有時間窗約束的車輛路線安排問題，利用混合遺傳演算法求解該問題，從而最終形成完西南交通大學碩士研究生學位論文第11頁一整的庫存補充和運輸計劃。
  5. Secondly, in the first phase, this paper solves the inventory supplement sub - problem through integer programming model, using the reduction of vehicle routes as the breakthrough to this problem, divides a whole distribution region into many customer subsets by radius - circle partitioning method, determines the optimal number of vehicle of service distribution region, applies two practice - oriented conclusions to reduce the number of routes on the basis of customer grouping, thus decreases considerably the variable scale of integer programming, and solves the problem through professional software to fix inventory supplement plan in plan period

    其次，在第一階段使用整數規劃數學模型來規劃庫存補充計劃子問題，以減少車輛巡迴路線數目為求解該整數規劃的突破口，提出與固定劃分策略（ fpp ）相似的客戶分組思想，通過徑?環切割法把整個配送區域劃分成多個客戶子集，實現客戶分組並確定服務整個配送區域的最佳車輛數目。在客戶分組的基礎上建立了精簡路線的整數模型，然後通過運用兩條基於實際經驗的判斷來進一步減少巡迴路線數目，進而極大地減少了整數規劃的變量規模，並利用專業的求解軟體來求解該整數規劃問題，從而確定計劃期的庫存補充計劃。
  6. Then the whole scheme design and research of the system are given. and then based on the deep comparisons among the variable switch indicators, the reliability of communication between the main communicating machines and data transfer is studied, and the detail method for realization is presented too. at last, the system design is proven to be fully feasible by the actual development and simulation experiment, and the prospective aim is achieved in the session of connection and actual emulation experiments

    論文中首先詳細介紹了系統研製的目的、組成、完成的功能，其次給出了系統的整體方案設計和研究思路，再次著重對道岔表示器的多種制式進行了深入的研究和比較，並在此基礎上對主通信機及數據通信的可靠性進行了研究和設計，給出了具體的實現方法；最後進行了實際的製作，並通過試驗證明本設計是完全可行的，在系統聯機試驗和現場模擬試驗階段達到了預期的設計目的。
  7. The engendering source of traffic volumes and their general influential factors have been presented, and the situation of nowadays highway transportation has been discussed. according to the introduction of traffic distribution theory and classical assignment method, analysis of traffic flow path selection among cities and that of special influential factors for traffic flow on toll highways, initial analysis to the forming mechanism of traffic volume on road sections has been made, and a probability model for path selection has been set up with the maximum - utility theory and disaggregating model. detailed analysis to impedances on road sections and their functions ( especially to three main composing factors of the impedances as cost of time, transport and toll and to the functional relations with traffic loads ) was made, at the same time, the relative cost calculating model was set up on the basis of the state - of - art achievements in both international and national researches

    主要研究內容包括：交通量的產生根源及一般影響因素分析和當前公路運輸地位討論；從交通分配理論及經典配流方法著手，通過分析城市間交通流路徑選擇行為和收費公路路段交通量特殊影響因素，初步提出路段交通量的形成機理，並採用效用極大原理和非集結模型理論（ disaggregationmodel ） ，建立用戶出行路徑選擇概率模型；對路段阻抗及路阻函數（尤其對行程時間費用、車輛營運費用和道路收費這三個構成路段阻抗的主要因素及其與交通負荷間的函數關系）進行較為詳盡的分析，並以現階段國內外較為先進的研究成果為依據建立相應的成本測算模型，其中，特別提出了兩種確定客貨車輛時間價值的分析方法；離散分析法和時間-費率轉換法，後者是在目前基礎調查、統計數據資料不夠齊全的現實下提出的一種確定道路系統內務車型時間價值的較為實用的新方法；對我國公路收費政策的背景和理論、實踐依據及費率的各種影響因素進行重點分析；從數學的角度證明合理費率的存在性，並以最優化理論為基礎，建立在普通收費公路和擁擠路段交通調控型收費公路兩種模式下合理費率的計算模型等。
  8. Engineering drawing has always been labeled as a practical subject. a combination of geometrical, building. mechanical and electrical drawing, it relates between theory and the picture of reality. engineering drawing will provide an accurate and complete ptcture for every object tn terms of shapes and sizes. usually, it is taught using the face - to - face teaching mode even in an odl environment. due to its nature, some students may find difficulty in imagining and interpreting the drawings. however, the availability of sophisticated technology provides the opportunity for the learning of engineering drawing to be enhanced via online. a web - based system for teaching and learning engineering drawing was developed based on a constructivism model. the web - based system is tailored for several topics of engineering drawing such as orthographic projection, sectional view, isometric and oblique drawing at the secondary level. the learning strategy consists of multiple phases beginning with introduction, concept learning, engineering drawing method, application and exercises. during introduction, students will be exposed to an overview of the topic followed by learning of specific concepts. the system provides a learning environment that allows engineering students to view objects from different angles, such as third angle projection and first angle projection as well as views of plans, side and front elevations. after learning about the concepts, students wilt be guided through the various steps in drawing methods for each topic via animations and simulations. learners are able to view any section repeatedly. examples of real application of engineering drawings were also given using graphic, animations and video. to evaluate students understanding, exercises were given at the end of each session

    工程制圖一直被認為是一門實踐性學科，其整合了幾何學、建築、力學、電子制圖等，從而將理論與現實圖像聯系起來，工程制圖能為每個不同形狀、尺寸的物體提供精確的、完整的圖像.通常，即使在開放與遠程教育環境中，工程制圖的教學也是通過面對面的教學模式來進行的.由於其特殊性，一些學習者可能難以想象並解釋這些圖像.然而，尖端的技術使得可以通過在線的方式加強工程制圖的學習.研究者基於建構主義模式開發了一個面向工程制圖教學和學習的網路系統.該系統適用於幾種工程制圖，例如展開圖、刻面圖、等角圖和斜角圖.學習過程包括導論、概念學習、工程制圖方法，以及應用與練習等階段.在導論階段，系統為學習者提供了專題簡介，然後是概念學習階段.系統所提供的學習環境允許工程專業的學生從三維透視、一維透視、平面圖、側立面、正立面等不同角度來觀察物體.經過概念學習階段后，系統將引導學生通過動畫和模擬學習每個專題中制圖方法的不同步驟，學習者也能重復觀察任何剖面.另外，還通過圖像、動畫和視頻等方式展示真實的工程制圖應用案例.最後，為了評價學生的理解能力，在每部分內容後面都附有相關的練習
  9. This thesis mainly introduce a development process of mis of steel tube enterprise producing. a universal mis of adapting to our country middle and small producing enterprise is developed in accordance with the practical situations of our country producing enterprise. the structure and developing method of the mis are analyzed, followed by the introduction of the development process in stages. the system development abides strictly by the requirements of software engineering, with all the files standard and complete. during the process of the development, we took into consideration practicality as well as scientific principles. the system is development under a quick prototype method. first, the logic module of the system is established through the analysis of the business flow process and the information flow concerning productive enterprise of steel tube ; secondly, in light of the module, the system is set up including the design of the system ' s network platform, developing tools, database, system code, software modules, system security, user ' s interface and so on. finally, the prototype of the system is implemented on the basis of the design

    文中首先分析了管理信息系統的開發方法和體系結構，然後分階段地介紹了具體的開發過程。該系統的開發嚴格遵守軟體工程的要求，文檔規范完善，在開發過程中堅持實用性和科學性相結合的原則。系統採用快速原型法進行開發，首先通過對鋼管生產企業業務流程和數據流程的分析，建立了系統的邏輯模型；接著針對該模型進行系統設計，包括對系統的網路平臺、開發工具、數據庫、編碼、軟體模塊、系統安全及用戶界面等方面的設計；然後在設計的基礎上實現了系統原型；通過對原型的評價和改進，使原型最終成為實際產品。
  10. Two main methods are as follows : ( 1 ) using identity theft techniques like phasing to order expensive goods and bill them to some innocent person, then liquidating the goods for quick cash ; ( 2 ) extortion by using a network of compromised " zombie " computers to engage in distributed denial of service attacks against the target web site until it starts paying protection money

    二個主要方法是如下: （ 1 ）使用本身偷竊技術，喜歡分階段定購昂貴的物品，然後把賬單弄到那些無辜的人身上，最後物品清算為現金; （ 2 ）敲詐，通過使用妥協的"蛇神"計算機網路，來參與分佈其取消服務來攻擊那些反對的目標網站，直到它開始支付保護費。
  11. At the same time, it states the dominant industry for each district, and defines growth pole of beijing suburbs on the basis of density of dominant industry and economical level for each district. finally, the paper demonstrates that it is necessary to build economy growth pole model of beijing suburbs on the beginning of 21s1 century on analysis of relations among dominant industry, growth pole and economic growth point, discusses evolvement rules about pole - core space structure phase. point - axis space structure phase and network space structure phase, analyses which space structure phase beijing suburbs is in, and brings forward point - axis developing model, then explains definition of point - axis developing model and important meanings for economy development of beijing suburbs, referring to principle of point - axis developing model, the paper proposes economy growth point model, and offer the policy and suggestion for government corresponding to the problems of application of economy growth point model

    最後，通過論述主導產業、增長極與經濟增長點的相互關系，闡述了從產業和地區角度對主導產業和增長極進行綜合分析以構建21世紀初北京郊區的經濟增長點模式的必要性，探討了極核式空間結構階段、點軸式空間結構階段、網路空間結構階段這三種空間結構的演變規律，分析了21世紀初北京郊區所處的空間結構階段，提出了點軸開發模式，從點? ?軸開發的定義、對北京郊區經濟發展的意義進行了論述，進一步通過對點? ?軸空間結構系統的形成機理分析，借鑒點? ?軸開發的原理，提出21世紀初北京郊區的經濟增長點的構建模式，並針對這種模式構建中存在的問題，對政府工作提出了可行性建議。
  12. The construction of the intelligent community will solve the last bottle - neck problem of the network, spread the information highway to the community home and bring the safe, advantageous, economical, comfortable life to the residents

    智能小區信息網的建設將解決通訊網最後一個階段的接入瓶頸問題，並把信息高速公路延伸到小區和家庭，讓居民享有安全、便捷、經濟和舒適的現代家居生活。
  13. Recently, icbc is running a new system named colligate operation system, it funnel the disperse data and business into an independent system - a great business dealing system made by several subsystems, this is a deep hierarchy revolution on technique and operation. how to use its advance function, build up competition ability, win the customer, we need to know the function of the system, and reform the unreasonable problem, though discussing of organization structure, human resources, business reengineering, clearing the benefit of these factor. through the comparison of the living condition, management situation, position effect analysis, this text come to a conclusion : whole revolution can achieve optimize usage

    業務流程再造的過程可以分為五個階段：形成條件階段；準備工作階段；分析設計階段；實施再造階段；評估改進階段，本文將以此為順序，通過再造形成條件一綜合業務系統技術變革地位的確立，從理論的高度論述業務流程再造的性質與必要性，結合pdca持續改進、組織行為學、管理學、價值鏈管理等知識指導流程再造工作的思路和方法，並找出實施步驟，最後用本單位的真實案例來分析流程再造的效果。
  14. Beginning with the states " assessing items of the traffic development, this paper presents the assessing items system of the traffic modernization through the analyzing about the characters of the traffic modernization by means of the quantitative calculation and the qualitative analysis. moreover, the aims in the different period of traffic modernization in shichuan province were referred through various models, according to the optimization of the whole scope and grade construction in every period of the traffic modernization and based on the traffic standard in the east west and middle areas of china. finally, a virtual developing strategy was formed, which supplied the assurance for the realization of economy modernization and pointed out the direction of traffic development in shichuan province

    本文正是針對這一問題，從對公路交通發展狀態評價指標的研究入手，通過對公路交通現代化的特徵分析，採用定量計算與定性分析相結合的方法，提出公路交通現代化的評價指標體系，並結合四川省的實際情況，對四川公路交通現代化的重點進行分析；在此基礎上，運用多種模型對四川省公路交通現代化各階段的公路發展規模和等級結構進行優化，並結合我國東、中、西部地區公路交通現代化標準，提出了四川省公路交通現代化各階段的發展目標；最後，本文還對四川省公路交通現狀及其與經濟發展的適應性進行了分析評價，找出四川省現狀公路交通系統中所存在的問題，依此制訂出四川省公路交通現代化發展戰略。
  15. Analyzed life - span issues of every content, characteristic of stage to project, carry on the concrete exposition to quality, cost, progress three major meaning of control goal that carry throughout project especially, prove project life - span issues of every stage and systematic ness of the three control goals. combine traditional project a great deal of drawbacks that management mode have, theory and management inherit foundation of thought analyses and carry on project life - span issues of integrated necessity and feasibility of management in system. from project management two level, four stage and three major angle of control goal these, synthesize integrated concept, model, train of thought and implementation method after putting forward project management

    本文對工程項目管理在國內外的發展現狀、涵義及其系統性進行了總結；對工程項目壽命期各階段的內容、特點進行了分析，並重點對貫穿工程項目全過程的質量、成本、進度三大控制目標進行了具體闡述；論證了工程項目兩個管理層次、壽命期各階段及三大控制目標之間的系統性；結合傳統工程項目管理模式存在的諸多弊端，在系統論和管理集成思想的基礎上討論了進行工程項目綜合集成化管理的必要性和可行性；在前邊理論闡述的基礎上，從工程項目管理的兩個層次、四個階段以及三大控制目標的角度出發，提出了工程項目綜合集成化管理的概念、模型、思路和實現方法；最後，通過一個簡單的工程案例對本文提出的集成化管理模式的可行性進行了驗證。
  16. Besides these factors, mere are other factors who can put impression on project investment, such as policy nature disaster, and so on. in order to supply a reasonable theoretical method for construction project investment, it ' s meaningful to study the risks and control model. in this paper, firstly, the writer discusses the measurement guideline and the mam factors during the different project period ; secondly, by studying investment deviation, the writer builds a mathematic model ( neutral networks analytic hierarchy process model ) to control investment risk, at the same time, proves its accuracy by a realistic project ; finally, according to the writer ' s work experience, some common problems during the project are presented

    本文首先探討了建設項目投資控制的衡量指標，並就不同建設階段投資控制的主要因素進行了論述；其次對投資風險進行了研究和分類，提出建設項目需要進行風險識辨和風險偏差分析，通過對偏差類型和偏差原因的探討，以模糊數學神經網路理論中的層次分析法為基礎，建立了投資風險控制預測模型，並根據工程實例對建立的投資風險控制模型進行了驗證，分析表明該控制模型可以用於實際建設項目投資風險的分析控制；最後根據作者房地產項目開發投資控制實踐操作經驗，對投資控制中容易出現的一些問題進行了探討。
  17. In the fifth chapter, we analyze the characters and potential risk in screening decision process in our venture capital companies through case study, and next uses the expenrice on information networks of foreign venture capitalists for reference, makes survey on information obstacles to our venture capitalists in screening course, thus put forward the countermeasure. then we contrast three decision - making methods in common use in screening course so as to obtain best choice. furthermore according to the common characters of venture capital programs, we construct the simple instalment real options model, which could be applied popularly

    第五章通過案例分析國內創業投資機構在項目評審決策程序方面的特點及潛在風險，借鑒國外創業投資家信息網路的經驗，對我國創業投資家在項目評審過程中的信息障礙進行了調查，提出解決對策；然後對比分析創業投資項目評審中常用的三類決策方法，做出最佳選擇，並根據創業投資項目的共性特點，構建簡單的多階段實物期權模型。
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