有效要約 的英文怎麼說
中文拼音 [yǒuxiàoyāoyāo]
有效要約
英文
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The advantages of boq valuation include : saving enormous labor force, material and time, meeting the requirements of market competition, promoting joint bearing risks by both parties of contract, controlling effectively the investment of construction projects, and avoiding some bad behaviors of present construction market
工程量清單計價的優點包括：節約大量的人力、物力、時間，滿足市場競爭的需要，有利於承發包雙方的風險共擔，有效控制建設項目投資，避免當前建築市場的一些不良行為。So, the treatment of labor contract ’ s valid factors, sanction, invalid effects should have a different criterion from the common civil contract
因此，勞動合同的有效要件、約束力、無效後果的處理必須有著不同於普通民事合同的特殊規范。Following are the main functions and effects of regional legislation : 1 the function of subdivision, i. e. regional legislation helps subdivide the fundamental regulations of the constitution and the laws ; 2 the function of complementarity, i. e. regional legislation is complemental to national legislation ; 3 the function of innovation, i. e. regional legislation can be regarded as experimentation to set up new social rules ; 4 the function of particular adjustment, i. e. regional legislation needs to flexibly adjust to special relationships of the local society ; 5 the function of power - control, i. e. regional legislation should provide legal guarantee and restriction for the regular running of the national departments
本文從學理上分析、總結地方立法的功能、作用有：一是細化作用，即地方立法有利於細化憲法和法律的原則性規定；二是補充作用，即地方立法體現著對國家立法的補充作用z三是創新作用，即地方立法可作為創立新的社會規則的「實驗田」 ；四是特殊調節作用，即地方立法需要對本地區的特殊社會關系進行靈活的法律調整；五是權力控製作用，即地方立法要為現代國家機關的正常運作提供法制保障和約束。地方立法應當遵循的原則，決定著地方立法的發展方向以及地方立法作用的有效發揮。Under the media system, if the media body " risk " of choosing immoral conduct surpasses the " income ", the ethics problems of the media will reduce consumedly
其中，傳媒政治經濟制度的失衡和傳媒倫理制度的有效供給不足或約束軟化，是傳媒倫理問題得以存在和延伸的主要制度學成因。This article is composed by four parts. the foreword introduces simply the process of from establishment to development and contabescence of shanxi bank and the operating and running status. then bring forward the theme of this article that the organizational and managing system was the determinant factors of the prosperity and decline of shanxi bank and its experiences and lessons lend a helping hand to the enterprises of our time. the first part mainly tells of the organizational system and managing mode which drove the development and prosperity of shanxi bank, i t was consisted of the organizing system of the ownership departing from the power of management, and the capital frame of composing by the yin - share and manpower - share, and the human resources management system including high - level various and with elasticity distributing system and strict managing system, and the rigorous mamaging system and flexible running frame, and the enterprise culture of combining tigtly with the ru culture
組織制度方面，主要通過對票號所有權與經營權相分離的組織制度的研究，總結其對票號發展所起到的重要作用；資本構成方面，主要對票號銀股、身股並重的資本構成，特別是票號實行的頂身股制度進行研究，總結其對員工所形成的有效激勵作用；用人體制方面，主要從激勵和約束兩個方面分別進行研究，一方面是票號分配體制的高水平、多樣化、富於彈性，對票號員工形成了有效的激勵作用，另一方面是嚴格的人員選拔、培養、任用以及監督、獎罰等管理制度，對票號員工形成了有效的約束作用；管理制度和經營體制方面，主要通過對票號各類號規進行分類研究，分別從管理制度和經營體制兩類內容來著手，總結票號管理制度的健全和經營體制的靈活對票號業務發展所起到的重要作用；企業文化理念方面，分別從員工教育和儒商融會兩方面進行研究，總結票號對員工道德教育的重視給票號帶來的良好企業風尚以及儒商融會理念使票號在經營方面更加成熟穩健、注重企業長遠利益。( 3 ) there are some effective techniques in behavioral therapy, such as behavior obligation, reinforcement, and detestation therapy
（ 3 ）行為療法中的有效技巧主要有行為契約法、強化法、厭惡療法。This paper recurred to the basic theory of rough set of data mining and under the direction of the frame of intelligent decision, the main theories include i ) the different methods of data mining on the base of rough set are used to deal with typical decision system namely consistent decision system and inconsistent decision system in order to carry through data reduction and rule distilment ; ii ) in the environment of dynamic increment database, the methods of data reduction to deal with the original data and increment data are discussed in the consistent and inconsistent decision system ; iii ) the method of data mining of rough set is analysized to treat with the attributes with priority ; iv ) on the base of basic rough set theory, the data analysis methods of amalgamation of rough set theory ; v ) and also the pre - disposal method to database is analysize
本文從系統工程進行決策分析的角度出發，藉助數據挖掘技術中粗糙集的基本理論，在智能決策框架的指導下，研究了基於數據挖掘的智能決策理論及方法。主要理論包括：如何利用粗糙集對典型的決策系統即相容性決策系統和不相容性決策系統運用不同的數據挖掘方法進行有效的數據約減和規則提取；在增量動態的數據庫環境下討論了在典型決策系統中對原始數據和增量數據進行數據約減的方法；分析了帶有優先權屬性的粗糙集數據挖掘方法；以基本粗糙集為基礎探討了粗糙集擴展模型的數據分析方法；研究了粗糙集數據預處理方法。Takeover offer for listed companies is the universal way to take over listed companies in modern company ' s system. in the process of taking over the listing company, minor shareholders are always in the inferior status. protection of minor shareholders " rights is an important value objective of system of takeover. how to standardize takeover offer for listed companies for protecting of minor shareholders benefit is the problem that legislation will solve and that should also be paid attention to on judicial practice. relatively typical type of takeover by offer appeared in capital market, the protection of minor shareholders ’ interests in the target company has become the purpose of legislation and added some protected measure of minor shareholders ’ interests, but the expected goal has not been achieved completely. so it is necessary to establish a perfect system to protest minor shareholders ’ interests in the target company. so we should learn more from precedent experience of legislation and perfect the relative laws and regulations on tender offer, strengthen the protection to minor shareholders, equipoise the rights and obligation of all interested parties in tender offer
中小股東合法利益的保護是要約收購制度的重要價值目標。如何規范上市公司要約收購，保護目標公司全體股東特別是中小股東的利益，既是立法要解決的問題也是司法實務中應當關注的問題。我國的資本市場上出現了較典型的要約收購方式，立法也以目標公司中小股東利益的保護為主要價值取向，創設了一些中小股東利益的保護措施，但從其運作效果來看，在要約收購中目標公司中小股東的利益仍未得到有效的保護。Because of these reasons, if beijing only simply applies the expansile fiscal policy but doesn ' t eliminate the factors of fiscal policy which led to deep - rooted systemic and dualistic nature problems, it would be difficult to achieve the ideal results
因此，於二元經濟結構條件下，如果簡單地使用擴張性的財政政策，而不去消除制約財政政策有效發揮作用的體制性障礙和二元結構問題，要取得理想的效果難度比較大。The second chapter firstly expounds upon some principles of incorporation clause in the b / l under c / p at common law : a clause which is directly germane to the subject matter of the bill of lading ( that is to the shipment, carriage and delivery of goods ) can and should be incorporated into the bill of lading contract ; the ancillary terms / clauses of the charter - party could not be incorporated into the bill of lading unless these ancillary terms / clauses are explained by the specific words in the charter - party or in the bill of lading ; presumed intention of charter - parties should be found by the incorporation clause ; an incorporation clause is subject to the loading, carriage and delivery of the goods ; only charter - party terms, which are usual and reason, could be included in the bill of lading etc. - 1 - based on these rules i elaborate on some terms of the charter - party which often arise disputes, for example freight clause, dead - freight clause, demurrage clause and arbitration clause etc. could be incorporated into the bill of lading or not ; if could how these clauses should be incorporated into b / l
第二章首先闡明英美普通法中對租約提單中併入條款解釋的幾大原則：與合約標的事項直接關聯的原則； 「附屬性條款」需有效合併的原則；合併條款要尋求雙方訂約的意願；合併主要是針對與貨物運輸和貨物交付有關的內容；合併的條款必須公平合理等原則。然後根據這些原則，具體闡述租約中容易產生糾紛的條款，如運費條款、虧艙費條款、滯期費條款、仲裁條款等條款能否併入提單，如何併入提單的問題。在具體說明的過程中，也闡述了我國海商法的規定及實務中的做法，並盡可能對其進行分析，指出其中不完善之處，並試圖提出一些改進的方法。In addition, the licencee being he propagator, grower or dealer - will have to sign a licence agreement for the specific use of certain varieties, and valid for a specified period
此外，被授權人，不論是繁殖者、生產者或是經銷商，需要簽署一份授權合約，聲明針對某些品種的特定用途，以及特定的有效期間。The subject site mainly falls within the existing stt no. rdstst - 003 for the east rail extension project ( up to 31 august 2005 ), the proposed stt for kowloon southern link works area, the protection boundary for mtr ( i. e. mtr - rp no. 108 ) and the mtr construction limit ( mtr - rap no. 24 ). according to the scheme of the kowloon southern link gazetted on 26 march 2004, kcrc will continue to require the site for works area for a term from 1 september 2005 to 30 june 2008
有關地點主要坐落於東鐵支線項目的現有短期租約第rdstst - 003號（有效至二零零五年八月三十一日止）和九龍南線的擬議短期租約的工程范圍、地鐵的防護邊界（即mtr - rp編號108 ）及地鐵建設界限（ mtr - rap編號24 ）之內。It showed that the nostoc. sp of this experiment has nitrogen fixation ; phosphorus can restrain its growth effectively ; its growth needs long time illumination and so on
得出本實驗念珠藻可以固氮；磷能有效制約其生長；需要長時間的光照等結果。Preventing means stopping breakdown from taking measures ahead and it will shortening time of maintenance and break down of the machine and turn onrush maintenance into keeping machine sets in good condition, therefore, it ' s a good way to have equipment classified in abc and take a good advantage of limited equipment managing source to make point - check more functional
預防主要是為了防患於未然，變突擊維修為狀態維修，縮短維修時間和便於生產計劃的調整，減少停產損失。為此，對設備進行abc分類管理，以有效利用有限的設備管理資源；健全點檢制度，明確點檢內容，使得點檢工作更有成效；重視設備建設期的管理，掌握設備的初期狀態，既可節約建設期的費用，又利於生產期的費用的節約。But there is a main question that pvdf does not be in p phase with higher piezoelectric property, but be in other phases with lower or without piezoelectric property, thus, which can not improve distinctly piezoelectric constant d33, reduce notably dielectric spoilage ( tg5 ) and raise remarkably mechanical coupling factor ( kp ) of 0 - 3 pzt / pvdf piezoelectric composite, so these will restrict its development and application. in this paper, 0 - 3 pzt / pvdf piezoelectric composite will be prepared by room pressing - solidity, high - temperature - pressing and room - pressing techniques respectively
由於這個壓電復合材料體系存在一個主要問題? pvdf在0 ? 3型pzt / pvdf壓電復合材料中通常不是以具有較強壓電性的相晶態形式呈現，多是以其它的相態存在，不能有效地提高0 ? 3型pzt / pvdf壓電復合材料的壓電常數d _ （ 33 ） 、降低介電損耗tg和增大機電耦合系數kp等壓電和介電性能，從而嚴重地制約它的發展和應用。From the perspective of property right, firstly, juridical person administration should be perfected, the system of modern universities and colleges should be built up ; secondly, the pluralistic system of property right structure in public universities and colleges should be realized ; thirdly, the stimulation discipline mechanism should be established which the runners in universities and colleges can extort residual properties ; finally, efficient property management system should be established in public universities and colleges
基於產權視角的公立高校治理，首先，需要完善法人治理，建立現代學校制度；其次，實現公立高校產權結構多元化體制；第三，建立公立高校經營者剩餘索取權的激勵約束機制；最後，建立有效的公立高校國有資產管理制度。So, in order to deal with the challenge from foreign banks, our country ' s commercial bank must pace up the disposition of the bad assets, and activate the credit asset in the same time buil d up the mechanism to prevent the new credit capital becoming bad asset
要應對資產優良的外資銀行的挑戰，必須加快不良貸款的處置，盤活銀行信貸資產。同時，應建立起有效制約新增貸款成為不良貸款的機制。We can try to establish a green valuation system of economical returns, which will not only judge the individual behavior for the influence on economy, but also incorporate the influences on environment. government plays an very important role in the green process. government not only uses economical, administrative and legal means to put the development of green economies forward, but also uses policies to start, cultivate and normalize markets, and give environmental protection to the market
就外部環境來說，應該建立有效的約束激勵機制，可以嘗試建立綠色經濟效益評價體系，不僅要衡量經濟個體行為對經濟方面的影響，也要把對客觀環境的影響也納入到評價指標體系中;政府在綠色化進程中承擔著不可忽視的重要職能，政府不僅僅是使用經濟、行政和法律手段推進綠色產業的發展，而且還要通過政策引導來啟動、培育和規范市場，推進環保市場化，以機製作保障，更好地發揮政府和市場的雙重作用。Because of control of corporation by the managerial class and existence of the risk of principal - agent relation, in order to restrain them effectively, we need to set up a series of perfect legal system of corporation manager
經理階層控制了公司以及委託代理風險的存在，要求我們有必要建立一套完善的公司經理法律制度以對其進行有效的約束。西方國家在此方面已建立起了完善的法律制度。In china, it ' s often used by managements of listed companies to manipulate earnings, and major stockholders also use it to snatch high quality assets or income from listed companies. transfer pricing is also used to dodge tax. the fair transfer pricing, including : full disclosure of elements of transfer pricing, the difference of normal market value, tax adjustment under " basic arm ' s length standard ", and improving corporate governance
股權集中條件下，縮小大股東與中小股東的差距，培育多元化投資主體，從而使公司的控制權不再集中在一家控股股東手中;再次，要建立健全內部控制制度，進一步完善股東大會、董事會和監事會的職責，充分發揮股東大會、監事會的作用，從而有效的約束大股東的行為。分享友人