有效電子密度 的英文怎麼說

中文拼音 [yǒuxiàodiànzimìdù]
有效電子密度 英文
effective electron density
  • 有 : 有副詞[書面語] （表示整數之外再加零數）: 30 有 5 thirty-five; 10 有 5年 fifteen years
  • 效 : Ⅰ名詞（效果; 功用） effect; efficiency; result Ⅱ動詞1 （仿效） imitate; follow the example of 2 ...
  • 電 : Ⅰ名詞1 （有電荷存在和電荷變化的現象） electricity 2 （電報） telegram; cable Ⅱ動詞1 （觸電） give...
  • 子 : 子Ⅰ名詞1 （兒子） son 2 （人的通稱） person 3 （古代特指有學問的男人） ancient title of respect f...
  • 密 : Ⅰ名詞1 （秘密） secret 2 [紡織] （密度） density 3 （姓氏） a surname Ⅱ形容詞1 （距離近; 空隙小）...
  • 度 : 度動詞[書面語] （推測; 估計） surmise; estimate
  • 有效 : effective; valid; efficacious
  • 電子 : [物理學] [電學] electron
  1. The structure of this paper goes like this, the first chapter introduce the development of e - b / l in practice and in laws. and draw a conclution that the electrification of the b / l is a history tide. in the second chapter, on the basic of reseach the security trap in e - b / l running, 1 conclude six security elements of, e - b / l : the liability of the system, the authenticity of dealers ' identity. the integrity and secrecy of electronic data, and the validity and evidence effectiveness of electronic data. from the third chapter to the eighth, 1 reseach these elements one by one. the third chapter introduce the establishment of the e - b / l security system, and some related laws the fourth chapter introduce the certification authority of e - b / l. in the fifth chapter, 1 introduce the encrypt of electronic information and some countries ' control on use / import / export crytography. the sixth chapter introduce the concept and principle of digital signature, and reseach some related legal issues. the seventh chapter reseach the legal demand of validity, then come to a conclution that to establish a independent electronic information system is necessary. in the eighth chapter, 1 reseach some countries " regulation on the evidence effectiveness of electronic data

    第二章在分析電子提單運作中的安全隱患的基礎上，歸納出其六大安全要素，即系統的可靠性、交易者身份的真實性、數據電訊的機密性和完整性、數據電訊的合法有效性以及交易者行為的不可抵賴性。第三章到第八章分別對這六大要素進行分析：第三章介紹了電子提單網路安全體系的建立以及系統安全保護法規，第四章則介紹了電子提單的安全認證機構，第五章介紹了信息加密技術以及各國立法對密碼技術的進出口及使用的控制，第六章介紹了數字簽名的概念及原理，並以bolero為例介紹了數字簽名的技術方式，對有關法律問題作了論述；第七章首先論述了電子提單對有效性的法律需求，然後結合國內法和國際規則的規定論證了數據電訊制度產生的必然性；第八章通過對各國立法對電子證據的法律效力的規定，論述了對電子交易至關重要的數據電訊的不可抵賴性。
  2. The method of obtaining high concentration of na2feo4 solution by quick electrolysis mainly contains four aspects : adoption of either a diaphragm or an ionic membrane electrolytic cell in which a thin anodic cell lying between the two cathodes, ( 2 ) using an iron anode that has larger specific surface area, ( 3 ) keeping suitable concentration of naoh in the anodic cell, adoption of lower current density and higher electrolyzing speed. the practical technique parameters follow a s below : the naoh solution of 14 - 16mol / l, the temperature of 303 - 308k, the surface anodic current density of 300a / m2, the unit electrolyzing speed of efficiency larger than 6. 0a / l

    快速電解獲取高濃度na _ 2feo _ 4溶液的方法，主要包括四個方面：採用兩陰極室夾一厚度較小的陽極室的隔膜（或離子膜）電解槽；使用比表面積較大的鐵網陽極；保持陽極室中有適宜濃度的濃naoh溶液；採用較低的電流密度和較高的電解速度。具體工藝參數是： 14 16mol / lnaoh溶液、溫度303 308k 、表觀陽極電流密度300a m ~ 2 、有效單位電解速度6 . 0a / l 。
  3. The high - power semiconductor quantum well ( qw ) laser is a kind of luminescence device with superior performance, it has longe - lived, low threshold current density, high efficiency, high luminosity and excellent monochromatic, coherence, directionality, etc. the high - power semiconductor laser is widely applied to the fields, such as military, industrial machining, communication, information processing, medical treatment, etc. the material ' s epitaxy is the foundation of the whole laser ' s fabricating, and it has important influence on the optics and electricity performance about the laser

    大功率半導體量子阱激光器是一種性能優越的發光器件，具有壽命長、閾值電流密度低、效率高、亮度高以及良好的單色性、相干性、方向性等特點，廣泛應用於軍事、工業加工、通信及信息處理、醫療保健等領域。材料的外延生長是整個激光器器件製作的基礎，對器件的光學和電學性能有著重要的影響，生長不出優質的材料體系，獲得高性能的器件就無從談起，因此，材料的外延生長便成為了整個半導體激光器製作過程之中的重中之重。
  4. With the development of power electronics technology and devices in recent years, instead of using the industrial frequency transformer to boost voltage, dc / dc high frequency converter achieves the function. the system has higher power density and conversion efficiency, and the size, weight, ac noise of which has been greatly reduced

    近年來，隨著電力電子技術與器件的迅速發展，使用dc dc高頻變換技術代替工頻升壓，系統具有較高的功率密度與轉換效率，裝置體積、重量與交流噪聲大大減小。
  5. According the key factors we find, we bring forward a new conception : multilevel suppressor and design a new high performance suppressor whose ion - exchange membrane has bigger areas and using three electrodes including one cathode ( anode ) and two anodes ( cathode ), at the same time we fill the suppression compartment with one kind of ion exchange resin which has moderate exchange capacity. according to our experiment ' s results, we find the new type suppressor has quite high working current efficiency and suppressing capacity. in most cases, the suppressor ' s current efficiency is over 90 % ; the suppressor can transform the naoh ( concentration : 200mmol / l, flow rate : i. oml / min, conductance : over 10000 i - i s cm " ) to pure water ( conductance : 8. 9 it s cm in chapter 3, the high performance suppressor is applied in determination some trace - amounts ions in plating solution, sewage. in this chapter, we also have a research on the gradient ion chromatography

    第二章首先以xyz - 1型電化學抑制柱為例，分析了電化學抑制柱的抑制過程得出影響抑制容量的主要因素主要是抑制柱的電流效率和離子交換膜的極限電流密度，因此採用中等交換能力的離子交換樹脂作為抑制室的填料以提高電流效率，在通常情況下電流效率可達到90以上；在選用同種離子交換膜的前提下，可通過增加離子交換膜的有效面積達到提高極限電流的目的從而提高抑制柱的抑制容量，因此提出了多級抑制的概念並據此研製了共電極式高容量電化學抑制柱，該抑制柱最高可將流速為1 . 0ml / min ，濃度為200mmol / l電導率超過10000 s ? cm ~ （ - 1 ）氫氧化鈉溶液抑制為電導率低至8 . 9 s ? cm ~ （ - 1 ）的純水，並且具有穩定性高、分析結果準確等優點。
  6. The automatic measurement system for artillery body inside chamber defect belongs to the application study of intelligent measurement technology. it is the effective combination and application of several technology including modern optics, precision mechanism, electronics and technique of computer. it is a kind of auto lossless detecting which applied computer real - time control to realize high precision and high efficiency

    火炮身管膛內疵病測試系統屬智能檢測技術的應用研究，是現代光學、精密機械、電子學與計算機等項高新技術在軍用技術中的有效組合及其應用，是應用計算機實時控制，實現高精度、高效率的自動無損檢測。
  7. When designed, the high - speed generator with a permanent magnet ( pm ) rotor is preferred because of its simple structure, without excitation high energy density of the pm material

    永磁轉子式高速發電機由於具有結構簡單、不需勵磁、效率高和能量密度大等優點成為高速發電機設計時的首選。
  8. However, the refractive index will increase with the increase of the flow ratio of sifu / nhs, slightly increase with the increase of substrate temperate, and decrease with the increase of rf power. by measuring the passivation results of hydrogen plasma and sinx thin film, we found an evident improvement of minor carrier lifetime in polycrystalline silicon after hydrogen plasma treatment, although it has little to do with the annealing temperature and time. the hydrogen contained in sinx thin film can enhance the carrier mobility of monocrystalline silicon, but after annealing at high temperature the mobility turns down

    通過測試氫等離子體鈍化和氮化硅薄膜鈍化的效果，實驗還發現氫等離子體處理對多晶硅材料的少子壽命提高作用比較明顯，但是這種提高作用與處理溫度以浙江大學碩士學位論文王曉泉2003年5月及時間的關系不大；氨化硅薄膜中的氫對單晶硅的載流子遷移率提高有一定作用，但經過高溫處理后這種作用消失；氮化硅薄膜能提高單晶硅和多晶硅的少子壽命，具有表面鈍化和體鈍化的雙重作用；氫等離子體和氮化硅薄膜都能有效地提高單晶和多晶電池的短路電流密度，進而使電池效率有不同程度（絕對轉換效率0
  9. Compared with conventional weld methods, electron beam welding possesses such advantages as high power density, strong penetrability, precise, high speed, good control ability, good protection effect and high quality

    與常規的焊接方式相比，電子束焊接具有功率密度高、穿透能力強、精確、快速、可控性好、保護效果好、焊縫質量高等優點。
  10. All vanadium redox flow battery is a new - style and environmentally friendly energy storage battery that has many characteristics such as instant recharge by replacing the spent electrolytes, discharged at large current density, really fully discharged ( 100 % ), increasing storage capacity easily, a theoretically unlimited life, sim - ple operation and maintenance. therefore, it is undergoing a exciting development and commercialization. however, there are still some questions to be solved during its commercialization, such as how to prepare highpurity vanadium electrolyte, to enhance its energy density and efficiency, to improve its charge / discharge performance. so it is very important for improving the perfoemance of vanadium redox flow battery and its commercialization to select adaptive electrode materials, to investigate the mechanism of the electrode reaction and to select some additives

    如何制備高純度的釩液流電解質、進一步提高釩電池的能量密度和效率，提高其充放電性能，是釩電池實用化過程中需要解決的問題。因此，選擇合適的電極材料，進一步探討釩離子的電極反應機理，研究釩電池在充放電過程的變化，適當選擇並探討添加劑對釩電池電行為和性能的影響，對進一步改善和提高釩電池的電性能以及釩電池的實用化具有重要的理論意義和實用價值。
  11. Utilities spends significant amounts of money on insulator washing and cleaning before the restoration of the service. laboratory studies and industrial experience have shown that both contamination and wetting of insulator surfaces, which initiate the flow of leakage current, are required for insulator flashover. the leakage current leading to flashover has distinctive stages of development

    人們在詳盡的理論分析和大量的高壓實驗后，發現絕緣子泄漏電流的變化與其污穢及受潮程度有著密切的關系，綜合反映了污閃的發生過程，因此泄漏電流檢測是診斷線路絕緣子早期故障的一種有效手段。
  12. The thesis also gives the concept of the electromagnetic density of modes ( edom ). the distribution features of edom in the band - edge of 1d photonic crystal are studied according to the computational results. the dispersive properties of 1d photonic crystal are discussed by introducing the concept of complex effective refractive index

    闡述了一維光子晶體中電磁模密度的概念，由計算結果分析了電磁模密度在禁帶邊緣的分佈特點；用復有效折射率討論了一維光子晶體的色散特性。
  13. It can be seen in the future, power electronics converter will get higher efficiency and power density

    可以預見軟開關技術的應用可使電力電子變換器具有更高的效率和更高的功率密度。
  14. With the development of modern permanent magnet ( pm ) machine to high speed, high efficiency, high power density and micromation, the limitation of traditional rare earth pm machine is exhibited, such as higher ripple - free torque, higher losses, lower open - circuit magnetic field, etc. halbach motor, a new type permanent magnet motor, first proposed by american scholar klause halbach, has been studied very widely. halbach motor has higher magnetic field, usually as 1. 4 times as that of traditional rare earth permanent magnet machine, which attributes to higher power density

    Halbach永磁電機是由美國學者klausehalbach提出后一直被廣泛研究的一種新型永磁電機，和普通永磁電機相比其優越性有：氣隙磁密比一般永磁電機可增大40 ，從而可有效提高電機的功率密度；固有的正弦分佈磁場，可為電機設計和加工帶來便利，降低成本；自屏蔽效應，轉子可不再需要為磁路提供閉合迴路，這為轉子的選材提供了較大的空間。
  15. Abstract : this paper describes the thermal effects of a coaxial rf - excitedco2 laser ， based on the balance equations of electron density and energy ， current continuity equation ， and heat conduction equation. depende ncies of the spatial distributions of gas temperature on some discharge parameters arediscussed

    文摘:通過求解放電等離子體中的帶電粒子密度和能量的平衡方程、電流連續性方程以及熱傳導方程，研究了同軸射頻（ rf ）激勵co2激光器中放電混合氣體的溫度效應，分析了有關放電參數對溫度分佈的影響。
  16. Increasing scale of integration and consumption of power has led to the significant increase in power densities encountered in modern electronic equipment. if we do not pay attention to the thermal management of electronic equipment, the large amount of heat generated by the electronic device would not be under the control. especially in some atrocious surroundings, some devices " working temperature would exceed the rated temperature limit and lead to deteriorate the system stabilization or even make the hole system disabled

    現代電子設備的集成度不斷提高、功耗不斷加大，使得熱流密度急劇上升，如果我們在設計階段不注重電子設備的散熱設計，那麼元件所產生的熱流將得不到有效控制，特別是在工作環境比較惡劣或電子設備比較復雜的情況下某些元件的工作溫度就有可能上升到導致整個電子系統的工作不穩定乃至失效。
  17. Silica ( sio2 ) is a very promising material used to fabricate the optical waveguide for its low insertion loss, efficient fiber - to - chip coupling, high integration density and compatibility with microelectronic process. it is possible to realize the monolithic integration of optical devices with microelectronic devices and the passive devices with the active ones

    而硅基氧化硅光波導以其低的插入損耗、能有效的與光纖耦合、集成密度高、可以充分利用現已成熟的微電子技術等特點成為較為理想的實現波導結構的材料。
  18. The results indicate that carriers recombining and causing luminescence in two organic layers by traversing their interface. the influence of barrier height of transport layer on current density, recombination current and recombination efficiency of the devices is great

    結果表明：雙層器件的發光是載流子隧穿內界面后在兩有機層中的復合發光，輸運層的勢壘高度對載流子電流密度、復合電流密度以及器件的復合效率影響很大。
  19. One of effective ways of overcoming space charge effect is to fill plasma in high power wave apparatus, by the neutralization between plasma and space charge, the transfer current is going to be largely enhanced, thereby out - power is going to be largely increased. meantime, due to there are many fluctuating modes in plasma, so it is able to bring a new beam - wave interaction mechanism, by it people can invent some new type high power microwave apparatus

    高功率微波裝置中的電流密度很大，空間電荷效應強烈，影響了功率的提高，克服空間電荷效應的有效方法是在高功率微波器件中填充等離子體，由於等離子體對空間電荷的中和作用，傳輸電流會大大提高，從而大幅度提高輸出功率，同時由於等離子體中存在多種波動模式，有可能帶來新的注波互作用機制，發展新型的高功率微波器件。
  20. For our laboratory is changing toward industrialization, a lot of work on conventional ingaas / gaas / algaas quantum well laser has been done. how the parameters, such as threshold current density, slope efficiency, fwhm and spectrum width, are influenced and how much the influence is, are discussed by the numbers. the effective means how to improve a certain performance parameter are purposed too

    由於本實驗室正處于由試驗研究向產業化邁進的階段，針對常規ingaas / gaas / algaas量子阱激光器做了很多工作，文中系統論述了常規量子阱激光器的各項性能參數?閾值電流密度、斜率效率、遠場發散角、光譜線寬等的影響因素及改進的有效辦法，並針對激光器p ? i線性度不好、遠場發散角出現多瓣的現象，通過理論分析找出原因所在並進行了改進，有效解決了以上問題。
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