有限制的風險 的英文怎麼說

中文拼音 [yǒuxiànzhìdefēngxiǎn]
有限制的風險 英文
finite risk
  • 有 : 有副詞[書面語] （表示整數之外再加零數）: 30 有 5 thirty-five; 10 有 5年 fifteen years
  • 限 : Ⅰ名詞（指定的范圍; 限度） limit; bounds Ⅱ動詞（指定范圍, 不許超過） set a limit; limit; restrict
  • 制 : Ⅰ動詞1 （製造） make; manufacture 2 （擬訂; 規定） draw up; establish 3 （用強力約束; 限定; 管束...
  • 的 : 4次方是 The fourth power of 2 is direction
  • 風 : Ⅰ名詞1 （空氣流動） wind 2 （風氣; 風俗） practice; atmosphere; custom 3 （景象） scene; view 4 ...
  • 險 : Ⅰ名詞1 （險惡不容易通過的地方） a place difficult of access; narrow pass; defile 2 （危險） dange...
  • 限制 : place [impose] restrictions on [to]; astrict; restrict; limit; confine; shut down on [upon]: 限制...
  • 風險 : risk; hazard; danger
  1. This dissertation can be divided into three parts as following : focusing on institutional risk control, this dissertation demonstrated the effect of institutional risk on dis " objects by analyzing the relationship between deposit insurance and financial development, financial stability and market discipline, in light of foreign or native primary theory and empirical results of dis. in virtue of statistical method and with the theory of game, this dissertation explored the cause the institutional risk such as moral risk and adverse selection, on the basis of which discussed the approach of controlling institutional risk and proper deposit insurance pattern. because deposit insurance assessment is the core of institutional risk control, this dissertation introduced and discussed deeply the passive casualty - insurance model, the option - pricing model, the game - theory - based pricing model, and reasonable pricing interval, and put forward the hierarchical pricing strategy of dis on the balance of information confiscatory and risk - based - assessment necessity

    本文以存款保險制度風險控制為中心，在借鑒國內外關于存款保險制度的基本理論和實證的基礎上，通過分析存款保險與金融發展、金融穩定和市場懲戒等方面的關系，論證了存款保險制度風險對存款保險制度目標的影響；並藉助統計學的方法，運用信息博弈論的觀點，從主要制度參與者? ?投保機構和存款保險機構? ?的效用函數出發，對存款保險所引發的道德風險和逆向選擇等制度風險的成因進行深入的剖析，探討有效控制制度風險的途徑和制度參數的安排模式；由於存款保險定價是制度風險管理的核心問題，本文還專門對意外存款保險消極模型、存款保險的期權定價模型、基於信息經濟學的存款保險定價模型以及合理定價區間等定價模式進行深入分析和詳細評述，闡述各種定價思路的局限性和可能運用的空間，通過權衡信息的充分性和風險定價的必要性，提出存款保險制度的層次性定價策略。
  2. In chapter 9 we summarize the whole paper, and explain the shortages of this paper and problems to further study. main conclusions of this paper are as follows : the first, state - owned funds have always been predominant in venture capital sources in china, and this caused the " government - operated model " which leads to excessive government ' s interferes and distorted venture capital contracts ; the second, limited partnership contract is better than incorporated company contract, because the former has obvious advantages in not only encouragement and controls, but also in investors " profits. however, this paper insists, incorporated company contracts will still be very popular in the near future because limited partnership still be illegal in most provinces of china ; the third, venture capitalists " share of profits in compensation clause of fundraising contracts is influenced by investors " attitude towards difficulties and obstacles of future investment

    本文研究的主要結論：第一，在我國風險資本來源中，政府風險資本一直居於主導地位，這造就了我國風險投資的「官辦官營」模式，使其契約機制從一開始就帶有「行政干預」的烙印；第二，有限合夥契約在約束機制、激勵機制、投資者收益三個方面都明顯優于公司制契約，因此是我國風險融資契約的發展方向，但由於有限合夥在我國受到法律限制，公司制契約在一定時期內仍是我國風險融資契約的主要形式；第三，融資契約報酬條款中的激勵系數受主體先驗概率影響，借鑒有限合夥契約，可對我國公司制融資契約進行改造與重構；第四，與債權契約、普通股契約相比，可轉換優先股契約可以有效緩解風險投資過程中的信息不對稱、降低代理成本，因此是我國風險投資契約的最優選擇。
  3. The plan is to finger out the laws and rules in favor of the venture capital ' s operation in order as soon as possible, establish the leading fund provided by government, offer governmental credit assurance and stock, reduce the tax to the high - tech enterprise, construct the polarizing investor frame including government, corporation, international investment company, achieve the legalization of private - collecting fund, quicken the course of endowment insurance fund of investment to the venture capital, that can solve the problem of capital shortage, to improve the rule - framework of the investment company, and expect to carry out the limited and partnership company. through the way of theoretics education and practice, introduce into the advanced technology and talent to promote the ability of investment specialist, strengthen the inspection to medi - agency and exploit the operation scope, bring forward a set of high - tech enterprise evaluating system suitable to choose the enterprise invested by the investment company. last, buy by corporation, and - techniqufi - and property right dealing market is the practicable exit channel comparatively

    即盡快制定有利於風險投資規范運作的法規及條例，建立政府導向基金，為高新技術企業提供政府信用擔保、政府采購以及稅收優惠等政策支持；構造由政府、大公司、國際投資公司構成的多元化投資者結構，盡快實現私募基金的合法化，加快社會養老保險基金進入風險投資的進程，以此方式解決資金短缺的問題；在目前有限責任和股份有限機構組織形式的基礎上，改善風險投資機構的法人治理結構，並建議早日實現有限合夥制組織形式；以理論教育結合實踐，引進國外先進技術和人才等方法促進投資專業人才能力的提高；通過加強對中介機構的監管和拓展中介機構風險投資中介服務，促進中介機構的建設，並結合實際提出一套適合於風險投資公司選擇投資項目的高新技術企業評估體系；最後建議以大公司收購和技術產權資本交易的方式作為目前較為可行的風險投資退出渠道。
  4. The thought of slope safety and landslide prevention based on risk management processes is discussed from the risk factors identification, risk assessment, risk control, and risk prevention measures of the landslide in this paper, and it is pointed out that the risk management technique is a efficient method, which helps manager to cope with the possible risk preparedly and rationally and to adopt measures to reduce the risk in a maximum limit and finally to avoid and reduce the loss of property finally

    從滑坡的風險因素識別、風險評價、風險控制、滑坡風險防範措施等風險管理流程入手，對基於風險管理技術的邊坡安全與滑坡預防思想進行了論述，指出應用風險管理技術是幫助管理者有準備地、理性地面對所可能遇見的風險，並採取措施最大限度地減少風險，最終減少或避免財產損失和人員傷亡的預防手段。
  5. This thesis, from the perspective of organizational forms, analyzes the efficiency of institutions of three kinds : limited partnership, trust fund, and corporate

    本論文主要從組織形式的角度分析了有限合夥制、信託基金制和公司制這三種形式的風險投資機構的效率。
  6. Emphasis is put on the framework of venture capital organizations and effects of incentive and constraints that limited partnership has on venture capital market of asymmetric information

    重點對風險投資機構的組織形式進行了分析，並詳細闡述了有限合夥制的組織形式對于信息高度不對稱的風險資本市場的有效激勵與約束。
  7. This agency issue of investor and venture capitalist can be effective to guard against the morals hazard of venture capitalist by limited partnership system ; venture capitalist can guard against the morals hazard of entrepreneur through contract ， which is optimal capital - structure contract in financing decision ， is combining to equity fraction ， stock design and staging finance ， in order to make enterprise financing cost minimum ， profit maximum ， it is minimum that informational asymmetries " level fall to

    在投資者與風險資本家這一級委託代理關系中，有限合夥制可以有效防範風險資本家的道德風險；風險資本家可以通過與風險企業訂立契約來防範第二級代理問題? ?企業家的道德風險，即在融資決策中尋求最優的資本結構契約，在這種契約中結合股權比例，證券組合，分階段投資等方法，以使企業融資成本最低、收益最大，信息不對稱程度降到最小。
  8. One can predict what directions technical innovation, customer behaviour, or latent practical problems will take. the challenge for regulators like the hkma is to seek a balance between not allowing these developments to bring unmanageable risk and not stifling the application of useful new technology by holding back innovation

    像金管局這些監管機構，我們的挑戰是要適當平衡兩方面的需要：既不會任由科技發展帶來無法處理的風險，亦不會妨礙創新的動力以致限制有用的新科技的應用。
  9. Sources from securities circles also warn that there is no price limit in the hong kong securities market or other overseas securities markets, and therefore there are greater risks if people from the mainland buy stocks rashly and on a speculative basis

    證券界業內人士還告誡說，香港證券市場或其它境外證券市場沒有漲跌幅限制，因而內地投資者如果輕率買入並且以投機為目的，則將面臨更大的風險。
  10. But now in the process of real estate investment analysis, the traditional methods of risk analysis to investigate the risk are the sensitivity analysis and balanced analysis ; these methods primarily include the following deficiencies : ( 1 ) they can only analyze the impact of risk, but it will overlook the possibility of the risk, so it can only evaluate impact for the project of the risk factor, it can not make the determination for the probability of occurrence

    但是目前在房地產開發投資分析過程中，所使用的風險分析方法還在沿用傳統的風險調查法、敏感性分析法和盈虧平衡分析法;這些方法都是假設資源沒有限制的原則下，側重數學分析和解析計算，由於簡化了風險問題本身的相關性和復雜性，使得這些方法在實際中的應用受到了限制，主要存在以下不足之處: （ 1 ）只能分析風險的影響作用，而忽略了風險本身發生的大小差別，故只能對項目的風險因素作影響程度上的評價，而不能對其作發生概率大小的測定。
  11. Independent corporate juridical person personality system in practice, there appear company shareholders abusing independent company personality and shareholder limited responsibility, this article makes an initial analysis to company personality necessity, establishment of denial system of personality of corporate juridical person in order to equilibrate the rights of company and shareholder and risks of shareholder and creditor, there fore to make the legislation of market economy of our country wholesome and perfect

    摘要公司法人人格制度在具體運作中，出現了公司股東濫用公司獨立人格和股東有限責任的現象，本文針對公司人格被濫用的現狀，對公司人格否認制度確立的必要性、公司法人人格否認法理及其適用作了初步分析，以平衡公司與股東的權利和股東與債權人的風險，達到健全和完善我國市場經濟的立法作用。
  12. Italy may manage to stay under the 3 per cent limit this year but risks breaching it in 2004

    義大利本年度或許能維持在3 %以下，但是` 2004年則有突破該限制的風險。
  13. Further, although epidemiological studies have demonstrated that the antioxidant vitamins e and c contained within the foods we eat may reduce the risk of cancer, macular degeneration and other disorders, no one has established that vitamin supplements containing antioxidants limit oxidative damage in the body or influence aging

    而且，雖然流行病學研究已經顯示，我們吃的食物里所含的抗氧化維生素e與c ，或許可以降低罹患癌癥、斑點病變與其他疾病的風險，但沒有人證明，含有抗氧化劑的維生素添加物，可以限制體內的氧化傷害，或是影響老化。
  14. Based on the recognition of financial risk formation and conduct, by studying on forecasting model of financial risk, this paper revealed the limitation of enterprise financial risk forecast model by compare analyzing. based on the actual conditions enterprise, the paper supposed the new enterprise financial risk forecast with the core of improved method of efficacy coefficient, which based on the assessment of business performance. meantime, the paper also studied positively the application of enterprise financial risk forecast model. finally, the study on the tactic of risk control is the aim of financial risk analysis

    基於企業財務風險生存與傳導的認識，通過對已有企業財務風險預警模型的比較研究，揭示了這些模型的局限性，針對企業的實際情況，論文以企業經營成果評價為方法和手段，提出了以改進的功效系數法為核心的風險預警模型，同時對該模型在企業風險預警中的應用做了實證研究，最後，論文把財務風險控制的研究作為企業財務風險預警研究的落腳點，在對企業財務風險控制目標分析的基礎上，結合風險控制的基本途徑，提出了財務風險控制分析框架。
  15. Then, this paper empirically tested the validation and predictive accuracy of different var risk management model in the domestic financial market. finally, with the analysis of modem financial risk management development trend and the current domestic financial risk management situation, this paper made a prospect for the application of this model in the construction of domestic financial risk management system. through the analysis, the main conclusions are as follows : ( l ) the traditional mean - variance model is the special example of the portfolio selection based on the var risk management model for the case that the returns of the portfolio are assumed to be normally distributed ; compared with the mean - variance model, the var risk management model is more comprehensive and accurate in the measurement of the portfolio risk, so based on the var model, the investors can allocate the asset more effectively. ( 2 ) the var risk management model can provide the timely and comprehensive risk information for the top risk manager, so it is very helpful to the improvement of total risk management efficiency. ( 3 ) based on the var model, the raroc performance valuation approach can reflect the real performance of the portfolio manager and provide the coherent standard for the allocation of risk limitation and the construction of the incentive compatibility constraint mechanism in the financial instiutions

    通過研究分析，本文主要得出如下結論： （ 1 ）傳統的markowitz均值? ?方差模型僅僅是在資產組合收益率正態分佈假設條件下基於var風險管理模型進行資產組合選擇的特例，與均值? ?方差模型中的方差風險度量方法相比， var風險管理模型能夠更全面、更貼切地衡量資產組合的風險，且基於此模型能夠更有效地進行資產配置決策； （ 2 ） var風險管理模型能夠滿足更高層次風險管理者對風險信息的需求，有助於整體風險管理效率的提高； （ 3 ）基於var風險管理模型的raroc績效評價能夠反映資產組合管理人的真實業績，從而為金融機構風險限額的分配和激勵約束機制的制定提供統一的標準； （ 4 ）國內證券市場資產組合收益率服從正態分佈的假設明顯不成立，實證檢驗表明基於資產組合收益率正態分佈假設條件下的方差? ?協方差模型對國內資產組合風險的預測存在較大的偏差，由於文中證明在收益率正態分佈假設條件下基於方差? ?協方差模型進行資產組合選擇的結果等價于markowitz的均值? ?方差模型，因此，均值? ?方差模型對國內資產組合風險的預測同樣會存在著較大的偏差，而半參數var風險管理模型則能夠取得較好的預測衡量效果； （ 5 ） var風險管理模型符合未來金融風險管理的發展趨勢，基於var風險管理模型建立內容提要風險限額內控體系、風險信息披露體系和業績評價體系，並進行金融監管，將有助於國內金融機構內部風險管理方法和外部監管技術跟上國際金融風險管理的發展潮流。
  16. By drawing essence from limited partnership contract, we can reconstruct and improve incorporated company contract in china ; the fourth, when compared with debt contract or common stock contract, convertible preferred stock contract is the best choice for our investing stage contract, because it is better to alleviate asymmetric information and lower agency cost effectively in the process of venture capital investment. but it is very possible that common stock contract would still be used widely in a certain long time because convertible preferred stock contract suffers law restriction and many other limitations in china ; the fifth, staged investment, combinative investment and united investment are recommended strongly in this paper

    但由於可轉換優先股契約在我國受到諸多限制，普通股契約在一定時期內仍將居於主導地位；第五，分段投資、組合投資、聯合投資（投資辛迪加）可較好地適應風險投資過程中的不確定性、有效降低投資風險，應積極借鑒；第六，人力資本不確定性的存在是可轉換優先股、分段投資在契約條款中頻頻出現的內在原因；第七，信譽機制在風險投資過程中具有自動履約功能；第八，促進投資主體與產權結構多元化、轉換政府職能、完善法律法規、培育經理市場、健全社會信用體系、充分發揮信譽的自動履約功能是保障我國風險投資契約順利履行的關鍵。
  17. After the analysis of present system of company ' s capital formation in our country, the essay thinks ( 1 ) the limitation of minimum capital must be scientific and reasonable ; ( 2 ) the range of assets out of cash to pay the subscribed capital should be perfected ; ( 3 ) because there is obvious deficiency and imbalance on shareholders " liabilities to the breach of agreement on investment, relevant systems should be constructed and consummated

    在分析了我國現行公司資本形成制度后，認為： （ 1 ）我國最低資本的限定必須科學合理； （ 2 ）有關現物出資的范圍有待進一步完善，應適度提高無形資產出資的比例限額，並應增加債權出資的風險防範機制； （ 3 ）現行公司法在股東出資違約責任體系方面存在著明顯的欠缺與失衡，應著力建立和完善相應的制度。
  18. Part ii introduces the latest development of our venture investment, including the development history and present scale of domestic venture investment ; detailed and classified explanation about our venture investment institutes, namely dividing these institutes into two categories as corporation - like and public - service - like, expounding the pros and cons of them sepreately, and hereinafter providing a basis for " the best organization form of venture investment is the limited partnership " in part iv

    首先從總體上概述國內風險投資業的發展歷史及現有規模；其次對我國現有的風險投資機構作了較為詳細的分類說明，即將這些投資機構劃分為公司型和事業型機構兩類，並分別論述其利弊，為第四部分中關于「風險投資機構的組織形式應採用有限合夥制」這一命題打下基礎。
  19. It ' s more and more distinct that the contradictory between the further developing of venture capital and behavior of excessive interference and imperfect supporting polices from government focusing on the characteristics of behavior, four main reasons are thoroughly analyzed : 1 ) the conventional system, 2 ) the limited capacity of governor who decided the policies, 3 ) the result of public selection, 4 ) the polices environment in order to accelerate the development of venture capital industrial, the favorable viewpoint put forward in the diesis is tiiat : die foremost task put forward for establishing and perfecting capital market, ttn superior policies and laws and macro - scope situation

    政府主導下的風險投資運作體制日漸成為風險投資發展中的嚴重障礙，政府行為越位現象突出；相反，政府作為制度安排者，在營造風險投資發展所需的法律、政策、市場等環境方面又很不到位，政府行為不到位的特徵明顯。由此可見，政府參與微觀經濟過度及在營造制度環境方面力度不夠，成為政府在風險投資發展過程中的雙重行為缺陷。除此之外，受主觀因素和客觀環境的限制，政府在制定有關鳳險投資發展的政策時出現一些政策偏差和失誤，也成為政府在風險投資發展中的行為特徵之一。
  20. The system arrangement methods and countermeasures of risk investment development in our country are discussed in the following aspects respectively : the support mechanisms, the configuration of organization, the demand principal part, the admittance mechanisms and the withdraw mechanisms of risk investment. it is proposed that in order to develop risk investment in our country, we must establish capital admittance mechanism which give priority to institutional investor, establish organizational institution whose main form is limited partnership institution, cultivate risk capital system whose demand principal part is private enterprise, establish risk investment withdraw mechanism whose main partnership is secondary securities market and sound policy support mechanism

    從風險投資的支持機制、組織形式、需求主體、準入機制和退出機制五個方面闡述了解決的方法和對策：發展我國的風險投資業必須建立以機構投資者為主的資金準入制度機制、以有限合夥制為主要形式的組織制度、培育以民營科技型企業為需求主體的風險資本體系、建立以二板市場為主的風險投資退出機制和良好的政策支持機制。
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