杠桿比 的英文怎麼說

Something, such as a crowbar, that is used to apply leverage

撬杠用於實施杠桿作用的某物，比如撬杠等

So we consider five financial indexes includes stock b / p, e / p, current stock size, current stock stru and financial levge by the international tradition, then descriptive statistical test method and cross section statistical test method proved that b / p and current stock size have marked effect on the securities yield besides coefficient b. in the third chapter, the article fut forward a risk factor model, estimates yield sequences of every risk factor by weight regression, and then estimates each risk factor coefficient of different stock by time sequence regression, at last we can reckon the portfolio risk o2p and yield rp which consists n stocks

結合國際慣例，文章考慮了股票的凈值市價比（ b p ） ，市盈率倒數（ e p ） ，流通規模（ size ） ，流通比例（ stru ）和財務杠桿（ levge ）等五個財務指標，應用描述性統計檢驗和橫截面統計檢驗等多種方法，結果表明，除系數以外，凈值市價比（ b p ）和流通規模（ size ）對證券收益率部有重要的影響。在論文的第三章，提出了一個基於多因素的風險因子模型，並用加權回歸和時間序列回歸等方法估計出了不同證券的各風險因子系數（類似於單指數模型中的系數） ，據此，即可衡量出一個包括n只股票的組合的風險_ p ~ 2和收益率r _ p 。

Haunted by losses suffered after the bursting of the dotcom bubble, venture capitalists in britain have struggled to escape the idea they make lower returns than their bigger lbo cousins

英國風險投資家在網際網路泡沫破裂后遭受嚴重虧損，他們一直未能擺脫人們的這種觀念：他們的回報比大型杠桿收購基金低。

Based on consider hereinbefore, this dissertation discusses several aspects on the problem of the sustainable and optimum exploitation of groundwater resources as follows : ( 1 ) reviewed entirely the origin and evolvement of the concept " sustainable development ", stated and commented the study status in queue on " sustainable development " around national and international range, thorough discussed the science connotation about the concept " sustainable development " ; ( 2 ) looked back and commented across - the aboard some furthest basic concept and proposition related to groundwater resources, put forward self opinions on a few existent mistake points of view and chaos understandings ; ( 3 ) expatiated entirely on the content and meaning of the theory of changeable groundwater resources system, contrast with the traditional methods of groundwater resources calculation and evaluation, combined example to show the application of this theory ; ( 4 ) thorough analyzed the difficult and complexity to forecast the groundwater resources, fully stated the traditional methods of groundwater resources forecasting, pointed out the characteristic and applying condition of these forecasting method, introduced the main ideas and methods of wavelet analysis developed recently, and the matlab software be known as the fifths era computer language, and its accessory wavelet analysis toolbox, applied these methods and tools to analyze the groundwater dynamic curve, adopted the b - j method and morte - carlo method, combined with the theory of changeable groundwater resources system, discussed the new view on the forecast of groundwater resources ; ( 5 ) synthetically analyzed the characteristics and limitations of the present all kind of groundwater manage model, combined mathematical programming mathematical statistics random process and the theory of variation system of groundwater resources on the unite optimum attempter of surface water and groundwater, emphasized how to make the model more nicety, more simple, more practicality ; ( 6 ) analyzed the inside condition and outside condition to assure the sustainable and optimum exploi tation of groundwater resources, the inside conditions are the follows : correct resources idea, scientific methods of resources calculation and evaluation, credible forecast methods of resources, exercisable measures of resources management, the outside conditions are the follows : the development idea of high layer, the transform of manage system, the matched policy and rule of law, the adjusted of economy lever, the improve of cultural diathesis, the boosting up of water - saving consciousness and detail measures, the control of population rising, the prevention and cure of water pollute, the renew and rebuild of ecology ; ( 7 ) scan the sustainable and optimum exploitation of groundwater resources from the high level of metagalaxy, earth system science, and philosophy ; lint out the more directions on groundwater resources

基於以上考慮，論文主要從以下幾方面對地下水資源可持續開發問題進行了比較深入的探討：全面回顧了「可持續發展」概念的由來與演變，對國內外「可持續發展」的研究現狀進行了述評，並對「可持續發展」概念的科學內涵進行了深入探討；對涉及地下水資源的一些最基本的概念和命題進行了全面的回顧和評述，對目前仍然存在的一些錯誤觀點和混亂認識提出了自己的見解；全面闡述了地下水資源變值系統理論的內容和意義，並與傳統的地下水資源計算評價方法進行了對比分析，結合實例具體說明了方法的應用；深入分析了地下水資源預測預報工作的極端重要性和復雜性，對傳統的地下水資源動態預測方法進行了全面的評述，指出了各類預測預報方法的特點及適用條件，對最近二十多年剛發展起來的小波分析技術的主要思想和方法及其應用范圍，以及號稱第五代計算機語言的matlab軟體和附帶的小波分析工具箱進行了介紹，並應用於地下水動態過程線的分析，採用時間序列中的b ? j法，蒙特卡羅方法，與地下水資源變值系統理論相結合，探討了地下水動態資料分析和地下水資源預測預報的新思路；綜合分析了現今各類地下水管理模型的特點及缺陷，將數學規劃、數理統計、隨機過程等與地下水變值系統理論相結合進行地表水地下水或多水源的聯合優化調度，使模型更準確、更實用；對保證地下水資源可持續開發的內部條件和外部條件進行了分析，內部河海人學博卜學位論文前言、摘要、目錄條件主要是正確的資源觀，科學的資源計算與評價方法，可靠的資源預測預報技術，可操作的資源管理措施，外部條件主要是高層發展思路、管理體制的變革、配套的政策法規、經濟杠桿的調節、人文素質的提高、節水意識的增強及具體節水措施、人口增長的控制、水體污染的防治、生態的恢復和重建等;從宇宙科學、地球系統科學及哲學的高度審視地下水資源的可持續開發;指出了地下水資源可持續開發的進一步研究方向。

Highly leveraged, computer - driven “ quant ” funds are having to liquidate shares, bonds and anything else they can sell in order to meet margin calls from their prime brokers

為了滿足他們的機構經紀人的利潤要求，高杠桿比率、計算機推動的優質基金公司將出售他們的股份、債券和其他能夠銷售的東西。

Comparing with the basic financial instruments, the derivative financial instruments have the peculiarities as followed ( l ) the derivative financial instruments are depended on the basic financial instruments ; ( 2 ) the value of the derivative financial instruments showes an obvious fluctuation ; ( 3 ) the business of the derivative financial instruments attributes go credit business, which has leverage ; ( 4 ) using the derivative financial instruments can elude the risks in a certain extent ; ( 5 ) the derivative financial instruments have very supernal risks ; ( 6 ) the conformation of the derivative financial instruments is very complex, which is difficult to understand to common investors ; ( 7 ) the business of the derivative financial instruments showes dummy ; ( 8 ) the business of the derivative financial instruments showes uncertainty

與基本金融工具相比，衍生金融工具的特點主要表現在： （ 1 ）衍生金融工具依存於基本金融工具； （ 2 ）衍生金融工具的價值具有明顯的波動性； （ 3 ）衍生金融工具的交易屬于信用交易，具有杠桿作用； （ 4 ）利用衍生金融工具可以在一定程度上規避風險； （ 5 ）衍生金融工具具有極高的風險性； （ 6 ）衍生金融工具的構造靈活復雜，難以為一般投資者理解； （ 7 ）衍生金融工具具有虛擬性； （ 8 ）衍生金融工具交易具有不確定性。

For example, in china, mbo is more like an encouragement way than to reduce agent cost ; illegal financing channel causes latency problem for future operation ; management members make advantage of so - called " internal people control " to undervalue the share price that damage the interests of the middle - and - little share holders ; management members also obtain large proportion dividend from the company that limits its development

比如說，國內mbo更多是一種激勵措施；融資制度不健全，管理層杠桿收購資金的來源不合法，導致了收購完成後的短期行為；不完善的資產定價體系、股權割裂導致管理層壓低凈資產，造成國有資產流失和損害中小股東的利益；由於流通股和非流通股同股不同價，管理層利用大比例分紅抽逃資金等等。

Leveraged swap a swap that achieves a lower cost of funding than is normally available, but exposes the borrower to compounded risk if interest rates rise

杠桿率掉期能夠獲得比通常較低的籌資成本，但如果利率升高就會使借款人有復雜風險的互換。

Leverage was measured as the historical change in the ratio of total long - term debt to average total assets, while liquidity was measured as the change in the ratio of current assets to current liabilities

杠桿率是公司長期總負債和平均總資產比率的歷史變化額，資產變現率則是指流動資產和流動負債比率的變化額。

Are corporates target leverage ratios time - dependent

企業的目標杠桿比率是否具有時間因素

Even with reduced overall leverage, hlis could still build large foreign exchange positions relative to these markets

即使整體的杠桿比率減低了，但相對于這些市場來說，高杠桿機構的持倉量仍有可能相當大。

It might also be possible for hlis to build up potentially destabilising positions in smaller markets while remaining inside internal limits on leverage and or liquidity risk

同時，高杠桿機構可累積足以動搖較小規模市場的倉盤量，但卻仍然在杠桿比率及或流動資金風險的內部限額之內。

Maximum leverage ratio

最高杠桿比率

The mini account trades in lots of 10, 000 of the base currency at 200 : 1 leverage

迷你帳戶的杠桿比率為200 ： 1 ，每手交易10 ， 000單位的基礎貨幣。

Banks have been alerted to the need to be prudent in their extension of credit to highly leveraged institutions

銀行已被提醒，在借貸給高杠桿比率機構時必須加倍審慎。

Risk exposure can be minimized through adjustments with credit leverage and incorporation of stop - loss mechanisms.

投資外匯的風險其實可透過調節杠桿比率及設訂止蝕機制而減低。

They supported the studies of the three working groups established by the fsf on highly leveraged institutions, short - term capital flows and the offshore financial centres

他們也支持金融穩定論壇成立，有關高杠桿比率機構短期資本流向以及海外金融中心的個工作小組進行的研究。

The group also welcomed the measures and recommendations to improve counterparty risk management and to enhance disclosure by highly leveraged institutions and other large financial market participants

該小組亦歡迎有關改善交易對手風險管理，並提高利用高杠桿比率運作的機構及其他金融市場大戶的透明度的措施及建議。

In 1998, citibank and travelers group merged into citigroup, which then became a financial holding company providing all kinds of financial services through its subsidiaries. the " financial services act of 1999 " repeals the " glass - steagall act " prohibitions on banks affiliating with securities firms, permitting holding companies to engage in securities underwriting and dealing, without limitation, as well as sponsoring and distributing mutual funds. it creates a framework that will permit the banking, securities, and insurance industries to compete more efficiently and effectively while improving consumer access to financial services, protecting investors, and ensuring a safe and sound banking system

首先，金融控股公司由於佔有金融資源過大，所以面臨的系統風險的危害是非常大的；其次，金融控股公司的各子公司之間進行關聯交易，使得集團內各子公司的經營狀況相互影響，這就增大了金融控股公司的內幕交易和利益沖突的風險；第三，金融控股公司以外來資本撥付給子公司的資本金，在總公司和子公司的資產負債表中都同時反映出來，這可能會使整個集團的實際財務杠桿比率過高，影響到集團的金融安全。

Mr xeon say, director of refco forex limited explained : " traditionally, the foreign exchange market was somehow labeled as an over - the - counter product with limitations in a host of areas, specifically margin control, pricing spread execution, but most of all it was extremely cumbersome

Refco forex limited董事徐瑞安解釋：外匯市場傳統地被標簽為場外投資產品，加上杠桿比例控制買賣差價等交易環節的運作均極為煩瑣。