極限狀況 的英文怎麼說

中文拼音 [jíxiànzhuàngkuàng]
極限狀況 英文
limiting condition
  • 極 : i 名詞1 （頂點; 盡頭） the utmost point; extreme 2 （地球的南北兩端; 磁體的兩端; 電源或電器上電流...
  • 限 : Ⅰ名詞（指定的范圍; 限度） limit; bounds Ⅱ動詞（指定范圍, 不許超過） set a limit; limit; restrict
  • 狀 : Ⅰ名詞1 （形狀） form; shape 2 （情況） state; condition; situation; circumstances 3 （陳述事件或...
  • 況 : Ⅰ名詞1 （情形） condition; situation 2 （姓氏） a surname Ⅱ動詞（比方） compare Ⅲ連詞[書面語] （...
  • 極限 : 1 （最高的限度） the limit; the maximum; the ultimate limit; limitation; extremity; tipping point...
  • 狀況 : condition; state; status; state of affairs
  1. Firstly, some basic concepts are not clear, such as what is the status of the company under liquidation, how to define the action of the industrial - commercial authority ' s invalidation of the license of the company, whether or not the share holders can sue to disincorporate the company, is it legal to dissolve a company without liquidation, what is special liquidation, under what situation will a company be obliged to disincorporate, who will be responsible for liquidation after the dis incorporation, etc. secondly, some primary legislative principles about disincorporation and liquidation that are adopted in foreign countries are not established in china, such as a company must be liquidated before disincorporation except for acquisition, the company remains valid during the liquidation until it finishes the invalidation registration, an ordinary liquidation must be replaced by a special liquidation under the instruction of the court when there is an impediment or a fraud, the company should apply to the court for bankruptcy when it is found that its debt is over its asset during the liquidation, the number of people execute liquidation can be several or just one, companies applied for annulment shall be judged by the court and must be liquidated, etc. thirdly, china does n ' t have some of the fundamental rules that are specified in the laws of foreign countries, such as the rule of disincorporation registration, the rule that the company should sue to let the court judge for disincorporation if there is a deadlock between share holders, the rule of credit trade - off in special liquidation, the rule that people who execute the liquidation are jointly responsible for compensating the loss of the third party caused by their activities that are illegal or vicious, the rule of special liquidation, the rule of the representation of the people who execute the liquidation, the rule of the court supervising the liquidation in an inactive way, the rule of how long the accounts and documents should be kept after disincorporation, etc. because of the lack in research and legislation, the system for companies leaving the market is highly disorganized, which harmed the interest of the creditors and relevant people, increased the risk of market exchange, damaged the order of the market economy and the ethic of doing business, wasted the resources of the society, and impaired the authority and seriousness of the law

    再次，國外立法上的一些基本制度我國沒有，如解散登記制度，股東出現僵局訴請法院判決解散制度，特別清算中的債權協定製度，清算人因違法或惡意對第三人承擔連帶賠償責任制度，司法特別清算制度，清算人的代表性制度，法院消極監督清算制度，帳薄及文件在公司解散后保存法定期限制度等。由於理論研究和立法的不足，造成了我國公司法人退出市場機制的嚴重混亂，損害了債權人和利害關系人的利益，增加了市場主體交易不安全感，破壞了市場經濟秩序和商業道德，浪費了社會資源，削弱了法律的權威性和嚴肅性。文章認為，完善我國公司解散和清算制度，應借鑒和引進發達國家的法學理論和法律制度，統一我國有關解散和清算立法，在基本概念、基本原則、基本制度、基本程序諸方面進行統一規范，填補立法空白，創設法院解散公司制度，廢除行政特別清算制度代之以司法特別清算制度，健全和嚴格違反清算規定的法律責任制度（包括民事責任，刑事責任，行政責任，改變現行行政處罰范圍偏廣，民事賠償范圍偏窄，刑事追究空白太多的不協調狀況） ，從而構築起科學的公司解散和清算制度，使之符合我國經濟生活的客觀需求，符合市場經濟發展的基本方向，並與國外立法通例趨同。
  2. Firstly, the status of our nation ' s water resources, flood and arid hazards is overviewed to illustrate the necessity for study on dynamic control of flood season limited water level. disadvantages in traditional limitsd water level design, static control of limited water level design, static control of limited water level and fuzzy limited water level curve are pointed out, and mending methods for these are introduced. dynamic control and its key problems are analyzed hi next section. the allowable range of limited water level is determined, so as the allowable extreme risk index. the definition of extreme risk is re - illustrated, risk analysis methods in reservoir operation is discussed either. according to the definition of extreme risk rate, the allowable extreme risk rate of reservoir is systematically demonstrated with variant extreme risk indexes and flood season limited water level

    本文首先闡述了我國水資源狀況和水旱災害、說明水庫汛期限制水位動態控制研究的必要性；介紹了傳統汛限水位設計、汛限水位靜態控制、模糊汛限水位過程線存在的問題及其初步改進方法；分析汛期限制水位動態控制的方法及關鍵問題；進一步闡述了水庫極限風險率的定義；根據極限風險率定義，詳細敘述了不同極限風險指標時、不同汛期限制水位下起調，水庫所能承受的極限風險率計算方法。然後，基於極限風險率計算方法，以白石水庫為背景，研究「考慮壩體自身安全、考慮壩體安全與下游防護對象控制下泄流量的汛限水位動態控制的極限風險率」 。
  3. Ultimate stress increment is a hotspot problem in theory of unbonded partially prestressed concrete structure, however, according to design critera and the art of the state on this issue around the world, it is still not considered in reason that ultimate stress of unbonded tendons in prestressed concrete multi - span continuous structures varies with load cases

    無粘結筋的極限應力增量一直是無粘結預應力混凝土結構理論中熱點問題，而從目前各國的設計依據及研究現狀來看，還沒有合理考慮多跨連續結構的無粘結筋極限應力隨荷載工況變化的情況。
  4. The control commissions should not confine themselves to dealing with individual cases as they arise, but should work actively to find out how the party constitution, party discipline, communist ethics and state laws and decrees are being observed by party members

    黨的監察委員會應當不限於受理案件，而且要積極地檢查黨員遵守黨的章程、黨的紀律、共產主義道德和國家法律、法令的狀況。
  5. The indirect answer to this question is simple ; the peak cylinder pressure is not allowed to exceed the mechanical limitation of the engine parts or the knock limit of the fuel, which ever comes first

    婉轉的針對這個問題回答，汽缸壓力的峰值不能超過引擎機械零件本身的限制或汽油爆震的極限，以上兩個狀況何者先出現，就是極限的發生時機
  6. Usually, hpm devices working in the high current and large field amplitude state, after the field reaches saturation, the nonlinear effects will become extremely strong so that the intrinsic nonlinear phenomena ( for example limit cycle oscillation and chaotic behavior ) of the system occur. these nonlinear behaviors directly influence the output characteristic of the devices

    在通常情況下，高功率微波源器件都工作在大電流和強場工作狀態，尤其在場達到飽和以後，系統的非線性效應將變得非常明顯，非線性系統所特有的一些現象（如，極限環型振蕩和混沌行為）將出現，這些非線性現象直接影響器件的各種輸出特性。
  7. So how to transfer scientifically self - balanced test data into top load curve according to its actual working behavior, become the obstacle of its practical application. in accordance with actual forcing behavior and reaction mechanism between pile and soil, the article analyzes the relation between top part and bottom part, load transferring mechanism and difference with other loading way by ansys program. so the reliability of determine bearing capacity by self - balance method has been proved

    本文根據自平衡加載方式下樁身的實際受力狀況、樁土間的相互作用機理以及單樁破壞機理，建立了單樁的離散元模型，採用ansys通用分析軟體，選取合理的單元類型、材料特性等，數值分析了基樁在自平衡加載方式下上下樁段的相互關聯、荷載傳遞機理以及與其它加載方式的區別，論證了採用自平衡試樁法測定單樁極限承載力的可行性。
  8. First, the system operation conditions that include three input types ( square, sinuous and triangle ) with different frequencies ( l / 250hz, l / 5hz and 1hz ) are discussed. in fault detection processes, we construct 4 three - layer bp neural networks to learn the normal states of the system. the outputs of trained neural networks are as the estimate values of the sensors

    本文詳細研究了在這種情況下的故障診斷問題，針對某液壓系統，分析了系統在方波輸入、正弦輸入、鋸齒波輸入下，分別在正常工作頻率、極限工作頻率以及接近極限工作頻率等9種工作狀態的特性，以及在這9種工作狀態下，運用神經網路觀測器進行傳感器故障診斷研究。
  9. The scientists warn that if emissions are not limited, millions of people will face extreme climate events such as drought and rising sea levels

    科學家們警示人們，如果溫室氣體排放得不到限制，將有數百萬人面臨極其惡劣的氣候狀況，例如乾旱以及海平面不斷上升。
  10. With hsmr stability classification and extreme limit evaluation, k23 + 850 and k28 + 500 ' s slope stability are very bad

    通過對典型邊坡的hsmr穩定性分級及極限平衡法定量評價，研究發現k23 + 850及k28 + 500處邊坡的穩定狀況都很差，需加大治理力度。
  11. Because the regulation of deformation limits in some kinds of codes is mainly provided by experiences, not calibrated according with the unified standard for reliability design of building structures ( gb50068 - 2001 )

    鑒于適用性（正常使用極限狀態）方面各規范對變形限值的規定還是以經驗為主，而未根據《建築結構可靠度設計統一標準》 （ gb50068 - 2001 ）的要求對其進行校準的實際情況。
  12. In this paper, based on resisting force model and load model, the limit state equations of rc bridge are established, thus the time - dependent relationship of rc bridge reliability is analyzed

    本文在抗力衰減模型及橋梁荷載模型的基礎上，通過建立耐久性極限狀態方程，分析計算橋梁可靠度隨時間的變化情況。
  13. The analysis in this paper have been verified by experiment firstly, the structure and mechanical characteristics of sliding - plug door are described in this paper. secondly, on the base of the study of the work condition and limited load, the dynamic load - time curve is created. and then the finite element model of sliding - plug door is built by using material equivalent

    本文首先總結和探討了塞拉門的結構特點和力學特性；然後探討了塞拉門的極限工況，即列車交會壓力波的作用形式，建立了簡化的作用於塞拉門上的動力學載荷曲線；其次研究了復雜形狀復合材料層合板結構的建模方法，採用物理等效方式減小了計算規模，建立了復合材料門板的有限元模型，並對各種設定的載荷形式進行了數值模擬。
  14. This paper trice to find the cause of effective ness loss and to analyze it theoretically by adopting the ways of quantitative analysis and quantitative analysis by using the way of fault tree to carry out the qualitative analysis, it draws the logic charts by various elements that cause the loss of effectiveness and to make a faucet tree to find out the loss programs, then make a final analysis of the smallest element of the fault tree. the first problem is due to the over friction by exceeding permitted limits ; the second problem is due to the gear feather ' s low inteusity, this paper adopts the method of changing the trans mission ratio of the first gear and the width of the sixth gear of second shaft so as to solve the problems

    本文採用定性和定量相結合的方法，利用失效樹進行定性分析，它通過對可能造成系統失效的各種因素，畫出邏輯框圖，從上到下繪成失效樹，找出失效譜，並對失效樹的全部最小割集進行分析，找出有可能的失效原因，再對其通過理論計算進行定量分析，由此發現第一個問題是由於離合器在極限狀況下的滑磨功超過其許用值造成的，第二個問題的原因是二軸六檔齒輪強度不足。
  15. Based on the formula which is used to compute the lateral resistance of single pile deduced by wang qitong, a formula is setup whose precondition is that the pile and the lateral soil directly around the pile deform in - phase. on the basis of that the contact stress of the foundation is equal, a formula that can be used to conform the stress - ratio of the composite ground is set up, on the same time, the principles of the deformation harmony of the soil and the piles in the composite ground are also discussed. combining with results of this test, a formula which can calculate the bearing capacity that considering the effect of group piles of the composite ground is also deduced

    視攪拌樁樁體為均質彈性介質，推導了復合地基中單樁有效樁長的理論計算公式；根據王啟銅柔性樁樁側摩阻力計算公式，以樁側土與樁體協調位移為前提推導了柔性樁樁側摩阻力的計算公式；以基底接觸應力均勻分佈，樁體、樁間土均質為前提，討論了樁，土協同工作原理，從而得出復合地基樁、土荷載變形特性，以及樁、土應力比計算公式；結合本次試驗，通過計算加載時樁體與土體的荷載分擔情況以及在極限狀態下樁土承載力發揮值，提出考慮群樁效應的攪拌樁復合地基承載力計算公式。
  16. But in more situations the random variables generating counting processes may not independent identically distributed, and in all kinds of dependent relations, negative association ( na ) and positive association ( pa ) are commonly seen. the research and apply in this aspect are rather valuable. in chap 2 we prove wald inequalities and fundamental renewal theorems of renewal counting processes generated by na sequences and pa sequences ; in chap 3 we are enlightened by cheng and wang [ 8 ], extend some results in gut and steinebach [ 7 ], obtain the precise asymptotics for renewal counting processes and depict the convergence rate and limit value of renewal counting processes precisely ; at last, in the study of na sequences, su, zhao and wang ( 1996 ) [ 9 ], lin ( 1997 ) [ 10 ] have proved the weak convergence for partial sums of stong stationary na sequences. however product sums are the generalization of partial sums and also the special condition of more general u - statistic

    但在更多的場合中，構成計數過程的隨機變量未必相互獨立，而在各種相依關系中，負相協（ na ）和正相協（ pa ）是頗為常見的關系，這方面的研究和應用也是頗有價值的，本文的第二章證明了na列和pa列構成的更新計數過程的wald不等式和基本更新定理的一些初步結果；本文的第三章則是受到cheng和wang [ 8 ]的啟發，推廣了gut和steinebach [ 7 ] ）中的一些結論，從而得到了更新計數過程在一般吸引場下的精緻漸近性，對更新計數過程的收斂速度及極限狀態進行精緻的刻畫；最後，在有關na列的研究中，蘇淳，趙林成和王岳寶（ 1996 ） 》 [ 9 ] ，林正炎（ 1997 ） [ 10 ]已經證明了強平穩na列的部分和過程的弱收斂性，而乘積和是部分和的一般化，也是更一般的u統計量的特況，它與部分和有許多密切的聯系又有一些實質性的區別，因此，本文的第四章就將討論強平穩na列的乘積和過程的弱收斂性，因為計數過程也是一種部分和，也可以構成乘積和，這個結果為研究計數過程的弱收斂性作了一些準備。
  17. According to the problem that performance functions for structures are difficult to be explicit expressed, a method based on neural network was utilized to transform the implicit function into an explicit expression

    摘要針對結構可靠度分析中極限狀態方程不能明確表達的情況，結合神經網路技術，提出了隱式極限狀態方程轉換為顯式表達式的方法。
  18. The thesis, in the probability analysis and computation, considers the failure history of space frames and trusses, adopts the bound criterion and algorithms on the base of system ' s critical strength, and introduces the soft self - adaptation control bound into the identification of dominant failure modes ; at the same time, with the incremental load method and differential equalized recursive method, computes the limit - state function of failure mode and probability index precisely under no leaking the dominant failure modes

    文中在可靠性分析和計算部分，考慮空間剛桁架結構系統的失效演化歷程，採用基於系統臨界強度的約界準則和約界演算法，將柔性自適應控制邊界引入失效模式識別過程；同時，用荷載增量法和微分等價遞歸演算法相結合，確保在嚴格不遺漏主要失效模式的情況下，快速準確地求解失效模式的極限狀態方程和可靠度指標。
  19. In practice, i did that corner 500 times at the limit to test the grip of the front tire, but today, i lost the bike

    關於他的轉倒，我曾經500次在極限狀況下在那個彎測試前胎的抓地力，但是今天，我摔倒了。
  20. Therefore, studies on analysis and design method of cement concrete pavements in ultimate states based on actual composition of road traffic and temperature conditions become more important

    因此，根據公路實際的交通組成和溫度狀況，研究水泥混凝土路面結構極限狀態的分析和設計方法成為迫切需要解決的問題。
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