概然性 的英文怎麼說

中文拼音 [gàiránxìng]
概然性 英文
probability
  • 概 : Ⅰ名詞1 （大略） general outline 2 （神氣） manner of carrying and conducting oneself; deportment ...
  • 然 : Ⅰ形容詞（對; 不錯） right; correct Ⅱ代詞（如此; 這樣; 那樣） so; like that Ⅲ連詞[書面語] （然而）...
  • 性 : Ⅰ名詞1 （性格） nature; character; disposition 2 （性能; 性質） property; quality 3 （性別） sex ...
  1. In this paper, first, a survey of human face location and recognition is given. then, it introduces the developments of the human location and recognition. afterword, it discussed the basis theory and method

    本文首先對人臉定位和人臉識別的意義、人臉定位和人臉識別的發展作了概括性的介紹；然後對一些基本理論作了簡單的介紹，緊接著對人臉定位的方法做了全面的論述。
  2. The structure of this paper goes like this, the first chapter introduce the development of e - b / l in practice and in laws. and draw a conclution that the electrification of the b / l is a history tide. in the second chapter, on the basic of reseach the security trap in e - b / l running, 1 conclude six security elements of, e - b / l : the liability of the system, the authenticity of dealers ' identity. the integrity and secrecy of electronic data, and the validity and evidence effectiveness of electronic data. from the third chapter to the eighth, 1 reseach these elements one by one. the third chapter introduce the establishment of the e - b / l security system, and some related laws the fourth chapter introduce the certification authority of e - b / l. in the fifth chapter, 1 introduce the encrypt of electronic information and some countries ' control on use / import / export crytography. the sixth chapter introduce the concept and principle of digital signature, and reseach some related legal issues. the seventh chapter reseach the legal demand of validity, then come to a conclution that to establish a independent electronic information system is necessary. in the eighth chapter, 1 reseach some countries " regulation on the evidence effectiveness of electronic data

    第二章在分析電子提單運作中的安全隱患的基礎上，歸納出其六大安全要素，即系統的可靠性、交易者身份的真實性、數據電訊的機密性和完整性、數據電訊的合法有效性以及交易者行為的不可抵賴性。第三章到第八章分別對這六大要素進行分析：第三章介紹了電子提單網路安全體系的建立以及系統安全保護法規，第四章則介紹了電子提單的安全認證機構，第五章介紹了信息加密技術以及各國立法對密碼技術的進出口及使用的控制，第六章介紹了數字簽名的概念及原理，並以bolero為例介紹了數字簽名的技術方式，對有關法律問題作了論述；第七章首先論述了電子提單對有效性的法律需求，然後結合國內法和國際規則的規定論證了數據電訊制度產生的必然性；第八章通過對各國立法對電子證據的法律效力的規定，論述了對電子交易至關重要的數據電訊的不可抵賴性。
  3. The text first defines the concept 、 character and feature of judicial cognition, at the same time, author compares judicial cognition with facts without proof 、 self cognition 、 deduction 、 prove duty etc, then defines the function of judicial cognition. the text fingers out that the philosophy foundation of judicial cognition is a entity of fortuity and inevitability, the realistic foundation is economic legal procedure

    本文在對司法認知的概念、特徵和性質進行界定的同時，對司法認知與免證事實、自認、推定、預決事實、證明責任等相關概念進行辨析，對司法認知的功能進行準確定位，並提出了司法認知的哲學基礎是或然性和必然性的統一，而現實基礎是法律程序的經濟性。
  4. This is, of course, only a simple generalization.

    當然，這只是一種簡單的概括性說法。
  5. The article is based on the method and model of " five angle space " which created by the author, from the chance and times back - ground of enterprise economics ' s birth, the enterprise economics ' s object, attribute, method, form, hypostases function, worth, advance the concept of the enterprise economics and the enterprise economics ' s category system, elucidate on enterprise economics ' s certainty of logic and history

    摘要本文運用作者首創的「五度空間」的方法與模式，從創業經濟學產生的契機、時代背景，創業經濟學的物件、性質、方法、結構、本質、功能、意義方面，第一次提出了創業經濟學的概念，建立了創業經濟學的范疇及范疇體系，闡述了創業經濟學的邏輯與歷史的必然性。
  6. The cause of the goodman paradox is not only the indiscrimination of the law - like hypothesis and accidental hypothesis but also such a characterization : it is unnecessary but improbable that the conclusion is false while the premises are all true ( " inductive probability " )

    摘要之所以會產生古德曼悖論，不僅是因為類律假說和偶適假說的混同，而且也是因為對歸納的這樣一個似是而非的刻畫：假設歸納推理的前提都為真，則其結論不一定但很可能為真（即所謂的「歸納概然性特徵」 ） 。
  7. Firstly, proem, it concise introduces the background ; secondly, it introduces the reform of the commission system and the dilemma of the securities companies in our country ; thirdly, it puts forward the idea of implementation of " optionally differential strategies " as the natural choice for the future development of the securities brokers in our country, through the analysis of the current competitive environment of the securities companies in our country and study on the alternatives of competitive strategies ; the forth, it describes how to practice " optionally differential strategies ", which including three aspect : the choice of the core competition ability, the measures for the implementation are brought forth, and the condition of practice the strategies ; the fifth, it " s the summary of the dissertation

    第一部分，簡介論文寫作背景；每二部分，介紹我國傭金制度改革以及改革后我國證券公司所面臨的困境；第三部分，通過對現階段我國證券公司競爭環境的分析，進行競爭戰略選擇研究，提出實施選擇性差別化戰略應成為我國證券商未來發展的必然選擇。第四部分，提出「選擇性差別化戰略」的實施措施，包括拓展業務領域、拓寬交易渠道及改革證券商管理模式三方面可操作的內容；第五部分，對全文作概括性的總結。
  8. This paper includes three parts in context : the first part is mainly about the analyses of the concept, essential, characteristics, principles, different models and their effectiveness of corporate governance, after the discussion on the springhead and the inevitability of the separation of modern enterprise ' s ownership and control from the narration of the origin of corporate governance issues. then the tendency of its development and succession is prospected. finally, an introduction and comment is presented about the corporate governance of alien state - owned enterprise

    本文在章節安排上分為三個部分：第一部分本章從公司治理問題的由來入手，概要論述了現代企業兩權分離的根源和必然性，深入分析了公司治理結構的定義、本質、特徵、原則、模式及其有效性，展望了公司治理結構的發展和演進趨勢，最後，介紹和評述了國際上國有企業的治理結構。
  9. The inevitability of lo arising and its meaning are discussing in part one. the second part of this thesis generalizes and analyses comprehensively the status quo and arising problems in creating lo of chinese enterprises, and the third part brings forward models and measures to solve the problems. in the last part, advises are raised on creating learning organization in sunward co., ltd. based on the prophase research of talking and questionnaire survey

    全文共分四章，第一章主要揭示了學習型組織出現的必然性和學習型組織的內涵；第二章對國內企業創建學習型組織的現狀和出現的問題進行了較全面的概括和分析，使接下來的研究工作更具針對性；第三章則針對前一章提出的問題進行探索和研究，提出了自己的一些模型建構和對策建議；第四章將理論結合實際，通過對山河公司進行訪談和問卷調查，對其創建學習型組織提出了初步設想。
  10. The main contents of the reform of trial preceding in economic case is the reform of the system of the evidence. adjustment of the standard of proof in chinese is to built dualistic system for procedural standard of proof. so the proof on the balance of probabilities will be the procedural standard in chinese civil procedure

    我國目前正在進行的民事審判方式改革，主要是證據制度方面的改革，以形成符合我國國情的民事證明標準，本文試從對民事證明標準概念，證明標準在證據制度上的意義和證明標準模式的評析，揭示我國奉引的一元制證明標準的弊端，並結合國情，得出我國應建立高度蓋然性的民事證明標準的結論，並指出該證明標準在實踐中的可行性和相應的配套制度的建設。
  11. This thesis introduces bot briefly at first then, the author gives a systemic study on some legal problems of bot : ( 1 ) the legal relations in bot, ( 2 ) the legal nature of concession agreement of bot ; ( 3 ) the risks of bot projects and government guarantee ; ( 4 ) the legal application in bot

    本文首先對bot投資方式做了概括性的介紹，然後對bot的幾個法律問題進行系統的分析探討，其中包括bot投資方式中的法律關系， bot特許協議的法律性質、 bot項目風險與政府保證、 bot方式中的法律適用等。
  12. It is pointed out that whether u. s. exerts its fiscal jurisdiction based on the territorial or the personal principle, international double taxation is possible to be created because of the overlapping of u. s. and foreign fiscal jurisdiction ; that u. s. avoids international double taxation by signing bilaterally tax treaties and proscribing unilaterally internal tax rules ; that in the internal tax law u. s. adopts the methods of ftc, exemption and deduction, among which the ftc method is the most important

    第一章首先討論了美國抵免制度的法律背景，包括美國行使稅收管轄權產生國際雙重征稅的情形，美國避免國際雙重征稅的途徑與方法等；然後對美國抵免制度作了概括性介紹，並通過與免稅法和扣除法的對比，得出抵免法是美國消除國際雙重征稅主要方法的結論。
  13. The thesis outlines, according to the constructional learning theory, the background and inexorability of adaptable learning theory and analyzes the main features and key links of its mode. through positivistic analysis of adaptable learning strategy in actual teaching and learning, the thesis exposes a few problems worthy of attention in the field and proposes some fundamental ideas for teaching and learning reform

    依據建構主義學習理論和教學理論，概述適應性學習理論形成的理論背景和必然性，分析適應性學習模式的主要特徵、關鍵環節及其特點，通過對適應性學習策略在教學中的實證分析，提出網路教學課程設計中值得關注的問題，進而闡述有效應用適應性學習策略的幾點思考。
  14. First, tlle author describes the reievant theories on venture capital, carries out the necessary ciassification and sun1marizes tl1e deveiopment process and the theoretical background for venture capital, including the introduction of risky invesment ' s concept and characteristics, the necessity for the development of venture capital, the ec6nomic interpretation td the venture capital, the development of venture capital etc. second, the author introduces and analyses the policies of venture capital supported by the koreal1 government, points out the advantages and disadvantages of various government supportive policies for venture capital

    首先，介紹了風險投資的相關理論，對風險投資的發展歷程和理論背景進行了必要的整理和概括。包括介紹風險投資的概念和特點；發展風險投資的必然性；對風險投資發展的經濟學解釋；風險投資的發展歷史等。其次，對韓國政府支援風險投資的政策進行了介紹和分析，指出了各項支援政策的優缺點。
  15. It has been proved that it is impossible to establish the formal inductive logic on the basis of " inductive probability "

    這證明基於歸納的概然性特徵，不可能建立起形式的歸納邏輯。
  16. Caculation is carried through adopting mechanism function of the first order reaction, f1 : f ( ) = l -. the results have good linear relativities, a, the precipitated fractions are excellently representative, and f1 is ascertained the most probably mechanism function of " phase precipitation. the electric field reduces activation energies of " phase precipitation and average sizes of " particles both in 2090 and 1420 alloys

    採用一級反應的模型函數f1 ： f （ ） = 1 - ，計算了相析出的動力學，計算結果具有良好的線性相關性，並且具有很好的代表性，確定f1為相析出的最概然機理函數；電場固溶使2090合金和1420合金升溫時效過程的相析出激活能有一定程度的減小，並減小了相顆粒的平均尺寸。
  17. In chapter three, the author makes a detailed discussion on different theories of allocation of burden of proof in china ' s criminal procedure after a brief introduction to theories of allocation of burden of proof in foreign countries. then, the author puts forward that. the public security organs, the people ' s procuratorates and the private prosecutor should bear the burden of proof in criminal procedure in china, and the accused bear the burden of proof only when there is presumption against him

    本文第三章在概柱外國刑事訴訟證明責任分配的基礎上，對我國刑事訴訟證明責任分配各學說進行述評，認為在我國刑事訴訟中應按照「概然性」標準分配證明責什，即由公安機關、人民檢察院和自訴人承擔案件實體事實方面的證明責被告人只有在存在不利3去律推定的條件下，才承擔證明自己無罪的責任。
  18. This chapter analyzes the current status, and the suitability of the current probation and point out that there are numerical deficiencies of the system of probationary suspension in terms of making it become a law and implementing it as a law

    全文除緒論外共分四個部分。第一部分緩刑概述。該部分通過對緩刑的蓋然性認識和目前緩刑制度的研究現狀，由此提出了我國緩刑制度完善的迫切性與必要性。
  19. In the thesis, the concept, classification and origin of standards of proof are generalized ; the logical characteristics of proof of china and western are revealed ; logic forms as well as advantage and disadvantage of the proofs of “ probability ”, “ beyond reasonable doubt ” and “ subjective truth ” is demonstrated

    本文概述了訴訟證明標準的概念、分類和淵源;揭示了中西證明標準的邏輯特點;論證了蓋然性、排除合理懷疑、客觀真實等標準的邏輯基礎及其優劣。
  20. Evidence system is one of the most important questions in the civil proceedings and standard of proof is an important question in the evidence system. the civil procedure law applies the standard of " highly probable " in civil litigations. this article points out that it is not reasonable to adopt the " highly probable " standard in all civil litigations. firstly, this article mentions the important meaning of standard of proof in judicial proof. secondly, it pionts out the flaws in the standard of proof in civil litigation in our country. thirdly, it introduces the standard of proof in civil litigation in common law and civil law countries and analyzes the similar and different points in the standard of proof. finally this article points out several suggestions to rebuild the system of standard of proof. lt suggests we should construct a system which considers the " highly probable " standard as a principle and adopts other forms of standard of proof in sepcial civil cases. and we can build this reasonable system by means of legislation and case law

    但在所有民事案件中均劃一適用較高程度的蓋然性作為證明標準是不合理的。文章首先闡明了民事訴訟證明標準在訴訟證明中的重要意義，然後對於我國有關民事訴訟證明標準的現狀及其缺陷作了一個概括，接著文章對于兩大法系民事訴訟證明標準的異同進行了介紹以及比較分析，最後提出了對于構建一個科學的民事訴訟證明標準體系的幾點建議。文章建議應當通過立法以及判例制度來建立一個以較高程度的蓋然性為原則的多元的證明標準體系。
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