標記空傳 的英文怎麼說

中文拼音 [biāojìkōngzhuàn]
標記空傳 英文
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  • 標 : Ⅰ名詞1 [書面語] （樹梢） treetop; the tip of a tree2 （枝節或表面） symptom; outside appearance; ...
  • 記 : Ⅰ動詞1 （把印象保持在腦子里） remember; bear in mind; commit to memory 2 （記錄; 記載;登記） writ...
  • 空 : 空Ⅰ形容詞（不包含什麼; 裏面沒有東西或沒有內容; 不切實際的） empty; hollow; void Ⅱ名詞1 （天空） s...
  • 傳 : 傳名詞1 （解釋經文的著作） commentaries on classics 2 （傳記） biography 3 （敘述歷史故事的作品）...
  • 標記 : （標志; 記號; 貨物標記） tab; sign; stamp; peg; label; mark; flag; blip; notation; fleck; track; ...
  1. Security, too, is a key issue for switching the traditional private nforork to vpn. security of mpls wn architectur is analyzed thorouguy in this thesis, including septheion of address space and route, hiding of the mpls core smicture, resistance of attacks, impossibi1ity of 1abe1 spoofing

    安全性是虛擬專用網能否取代傳統專用網的關鍵，本文對mplsvpn體系結構的安全性進行了深入分析，包括地址空間和路由的隔離、隱藏mpls核心結構、抵抗攻擊、抵抗標記欺騙等，從而得出mplsvpn與atm framerelay具有相同安全級別的結論。
  2. Abstract : biological invasions are a continuous feature of a non - equilibrium world, ever more so as a result of accidental and deliberate introductions by mankind. while many of these introductions are apparently harmless, others have significant consequences for organisms native to the invaded range, and entire communities may be affected. here we provide a survey of common models of range expansion, and outline the consequences these models have for patterns in genetic diversity and population structure. we describe how patterns of genetic diversity at a range of markers can be used to infer invasion routes, and to reveal the roles of selection and drift in shaping population genetic patterns that accompany range expansion. we summarise a growing range of population genetic techniques that allow large changes in population size ( bottlenecks and population expansions ) to be inferred over a range of timescales. finally, we illustrate some of the approaches described using data for a suite of invasions by oak gallwasps ( hymenoptera, cynipidae, cynipini ) in europe. we show that over timescales ranging from 500 10000 years, allele frequency data for polymorphic allozymes reveal ( a ) a consistent loss of genetic diversity along invasion routes, confirming the role of glacial refugia as centres of genetic diversity over these timescales, and ( b ) that populations in the invaded range are more subdivided genetically than those in the native range of each species. this spatial variation in population structure may be the result of variation in the patchiness of resources exploited by gallwasps, particularly host oak plants

    文摘:生物入侵是不均衡世界的一個永恆話題，尤其是當人類有意或無意地引入物種后.很多引入顯然是無害的，但另外一些則有著嚴重的後果，會給入侵地的生物以至於整個生物群落造成影響.本文總結了分佈區擴張的常見模式，概述了它們對遺傳多樣性和種群結構式樣所造成的影響.描述了如何根據以一批遺傳標記所得到的遺傳多樣性式樣來推斷入侵途徑，來揭示伴隨擴張選擇和漂變在形成種群遺傳樣式中的作用.本文對日益增多的群體遺傳學方法進行了總結，這些技術可以用來在不同的時間尺度上推斷種群規模所發生的巨大變化（瓶頸效應及種群擴張） .最後，我們以歐洲櫟癭蜂（膜翅目，癭蜂科，癭蜂族）一系列入侵的數據為例對一些方法進行了說明.從500 10000年的時間尺度上，多態的等位酶位點上等位基因頻率的數據表明: 1 ）遺傳多樣性沿入侵路線呈不斷下降的趨勢，支持了冰河期避難所作為遺傳多樣性中心的作用; 2 ）入侵地區的種群與該物種原產地的種群相比，遺傳上的分化更為強烈.這種種群結構在空間上的變異可能是被櫟癭蜂開發的資源尤其是櫟樹寄主在斑塊上出現變異的反映
  3. The estimated genome length of f. chinensis is about 2000 cm, so the map covered the 47. 5 % and 35. 6 % of the genome. the map with moderate density developed here provides a first step in producing a saturated linkage map of f. chinensis and open the way for marker assisted selection, comparative genomics and gene location and clone

    遺傳連鎖圖譜的構建為分子標記輔助育種、比較基因組作圖、及基因定位與克隆奠定了基礎，並為今後其它海水養殖生物遺傳圖譜的構建提供了理論和實踐意義。本項研究填補了中國對蝦分子遺傳學與育種學領域的空白。
  4. Results there are wide applications for medicinal plant researches, such as identification, genetic relationship, origin and evolution, genetic diversity, gene mapping, gene cloning and genetic engineering of metabolic pathway

    結果分子標記在藥用植物的鑒定、親緣關系、起源進化、遺傳多樣性、基因定位及克隆、代謝途徑的基因工程研究等方面有廣泛的應用空間。
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