機能主義 的英文怎麼說

中文拼音 [jīnéngzhǔyì]
機能主義 英文
functionalism
  • 機 : machineengine
  • 能 : 能名詞（姓氏） a surname
  • 義 : Ⅰ名詞1 （正義） justice; righteousness 2 （情誼） human ties; relationship 3 （意義） meaning; si...
  • 機能 : [生物學] function; enginery機能不全 inadequacy; insufficientia; 機能錯亂 parafunction; 機能低下 u...
  1. Ra l and roberto carlos are still there but neither was a p rez summer signing brought to the capital by private jet and military cavalcade ; neither represented galacticism quite like the englishman

    勞爾和羅伯特?卡洛斯雖然還在，但他們都不是弗洛倫蒂諾用私人飛機和儀仗隊迎接到西班牙首都來的球員，他們不能像小貝這個英格蘭人那樣代表銀河巨星主義的理念。
  2. The chinese family culture expresses strong characteristic of familism, which firstly focuses on family trust, secondly on personal trust, but short of general trust. in reality all the contracts are all incomplete, but due to low general trust and

    因此，在一般信任較低的文化背景下，為了防範機會主義行為，華人企業的最優選擇只能是啟用強有力的家庭信任，並輔以私人信任，即形成以家族成員為主的管理核心。
  3. The reform of highway construction management system is the requirements of establish the socialist market system and entering the wto. besides, it is essential to the development of highway construction and promoting the national economy and social development. based on the background of the national politics and economy system reform and analysis the problems in highway construction management, through research the organs, regulations, project management and financial systems in usa, uk, france, germany and etc., the paper described the necessity and importance of the reform from the view of economy globalization and put forward the reform ideas and contents as follows : transfer the power and duty which belong to the market scope ; enforce the laws and regulations and reinforcement ; establish the engineering sponsion and guarantee system ; build the highway construction market credit system by strengthening administration and supervision

    本文基於國家政治和經濟體制改革的宏觀背景，全面分析了我國公路建設管理體制中存在的問題，從國際經濟一體化和建立社會主義市場經濟體制的視角，闡述了改革的必要性和重要性，在分析研究了美國、英國、法國、日本、德國、丹麥等國家的交通管理機構設置、制度安排、項目管理和投融資體系的基礎上，對如何改革我國的公路建設管理體制進行了較深的研究和探索，提出了改革的基本思路和主要內容，即要按照責權一致的原則，轉變管理職能；按照依法行政的要求，完善法規，加強執法；適應國家投融資體制改革需要，擴大公路建設融資渠道；按照質量、效益的原則，建立科學的工程保證擔保體系；加強建設市場管理，建立公路建設市場的信用體系。
  4. Both functionalism of sociology and systematology originated from analogy of organism

    社會學的結構功能主義與系統論都起源於與生物有機體的類比。
  5. Par method can explain the whole process of " problem - program " as well as improve substantially the programming skills of students ; about the implement technology, the popular generic paradigm is incorporated and the results in ai ( knowledge representation and automated reasoning ) are used, which enables the system to be a truly " open system " with infinitely many problems and solutions, instead of just a compilation of fixed ones ; about the function of the system, it incarnates the constructivism and it has excellent human - machine interface, concurrence, and openness

    Par方法可以說清「問題程序」的全過程，可以解決現有程序設計教學存在的根本問題，幫助學習者實質性地提高程序設計的能力；在實現技術方面，借鑒了當代流行的泛型思想，並將人工智慧在知識表示、自動推理等研究中形成的思想方法和成果應用於程序設計icai系統的開發，使得系統具有一個既有問題又有解答的無限題庫，這些解答是由自動推理產生的而不再是固定問題、答案的堆砌；在系統功能方面，充分體現了建構主義思想，具有良好的人機交互性、並發性和開放性。
  6. Washington, d. c. - - secretary of energy spencer abraham and zhang huazhu, chairman of the china atomic energy authority ( caea ) affirmed their commitment today to recent understandings reached by the two countries to increase cooperation on nuclear nonproliferation, security and counter - terrorism

    與中國國家原子能機構主任張華祝今天表示，將遵照兩國最近達成的共識，增加在核不擴散、安全和反恐怖主義等領域的合作。
  7. In this kind of background, economic agents are limited rational and opportunist in economic exchange and production, which induce transaction costs and supervising cost ; in order to abate costs, enhance bestirring and constrains, property right must be clear ; means to get economic goal contain exchange and production, if transaction costs is too expensive, market exchange will be internalization by hierarchical corporation, but more and more hierarchical administrative cost become while huger and huger corporation size become, which obstruct the enlargement of border of corporation. nie don ’ t think that corporation will supersede market wholly, but they are parallel and supersede dynamically each other. so nie advocate economic action is impacted by macroscopic dualistic institutional framework

    他們以這樣一種認知為基礎，認為在這樣的經濟背景中，有限理性的經濟行動者，是一種機會主義者，一有機會就可能在經濟交換和生產活動中採取種種搭便車行為，使經濟行動存在交易成本和行政監督成本（在德姆塞茨等人那裡，交易成本包括市場交易與行政監督成本） ;為了減少這些成本、增加對經濟行動者的激勵與約束，就必須明晰產權;如果交易成本過高，市場交換就會內部化，出現企業對市場的替代，而組織監督成本又制約了企業擴展的邊界，使市場與企業之間動態替代和平行並列，因此經濟行動在宏觀上主要受這種二分制度框架的影響。
  8. Oh, and one must not forget that warnings came out from all corners of security that using the same password for more than one service could cause extreme problems and a heyday for the opportunist who is looking for fools

    哦並警告不要忘記，從四面八方來到安全使用同一口令一個多服務的問題和可能導致極端的機會主義者，是一個盛世找阿斗
  9. We are opposed to die - hards in the revolutionary ranks whose thinking fails to advance with changing objective circumstances and has manifested itself historically as right opportunism

    我們反對革命隊伍中的頑固派，他們的思想不能隨變化了的客觀情況而前進，在歷史上表現為右傾機會主義。
  10. The regulation methods may be divided into prudential regulation and opportunist behavioral regulation, the former regulates the financial risk and normal management ability of futures brokerage firms, including regulation of market access, on - going operation and market withdraw, the latter regulates the violation of rules and regulations, the opportunist behaviors that do harm to the public but benefit themselves

    中國期貨公司監管的主體是中國證監會；監管的類型分為審慎性監管和機會主義監管，前者對期貨公司的財務風險和正常的經營能力進行監管，包括市場準入、持續經營和市場退出的監管，後者是對期貨公司違規違法、損人利己的機會主義行為的監管。
  11. Reinterpretations of the early functional psychology

    解讀英國早期機能主義心理學
  12. Unfortunately, neither of these two causes, according to the agency theory and the actual situation of china, can be thoroughly eliminated. so what can be done now is only to partly solve tr management problems. in this case the author proposes some problem - solving strategies in the positions of managers and employees, for in the light of state - contingent ownership theory they are also owners just as stockholders do

    因為契約的不完全性導致的機會主義行為是一種在任何企業中都存在的且不可能完全根除的普遍現象，並且tr公司所有者缺位的問題按照中國目前的情況還無法解決，所以筆者提出要徹底解決tr公司所出現的問題是不現實的，但按照狀態依存所有權理論，可以從tr公司管理層和員工的角度來尋找處理問題的對策。
  13. Then the author drew a conclusion on the history of the h street middle school in the totalitarianism period from seven aspects as the folio wings : administrative organization settings, financial base and economical sources, basic construction of the school, teachers " income and welfare, students " educational expenditure and flow, the educational scale and the talents cultivation and the relationship between senior charge sector and local government. it is that the government, by means of political movement, economical and administratrve measure, made use of village economical and cultural resources, pushed on the modernization process and supported the development of village education constantly and steadily

    並從行政機構設置、財政基礎和經濟來源、學校的基本建設、教師的收入和待遇、學生的教育支出和流動、教育規模和人才培養、與上級主管部門及地方的關系七個方面對h街道中學在「全能主義」時代建立與發展的這一段歷史作出了小結：建國初期，國家利用政治運動和經濟、行政手段來迅速整合各種力量，汲取鄉村經濟和文化資源，推動現代化進程的同時，持續而穩定地支持鄉村教育的發展。
  14. In theory of bertalanffy and functionalist such as a. comte, h. spencer, e. durkeim, r. brown and malinowski, we can find the shades of the theory of organism and even borrowing of terms of biology

    在貝塔朗菲和功能主義的代表人物，如孔德、斯賓塞、迪爾凱姆、馬林諾夫斯基，布朗等學者的理論中都可看到生物有機體理論的影子，甚至可以看到大量生物學術語的借用。
  15. In the third section, the author discusses different functionalism types, including david lewis ' s commonsense functionalism, machine functionalism, homuncular functionalism and teleological functionalism. the author analyses two concepts, ramsey sentence and turing machine, which are important for functionalism, and explains the view of functionalism by using both concepts. in the fourth section, the author displays many difficulties functionalism faces

    在第三部分，筆者論述了功能主義的分類，把其分為劉易斯的常識功能主義、機器功能主義、小人功能主義和目的論功能主義，重點說明了對功能主義影響深遠的兩個概念：拉姆齊語句和圖靈機，通過這兩個概念細致地說明了功能主義對心身問題的看法。
  16. But with the managing right shifting to the manager, the following possibility increases : the manager may use his rights and information advantage to take immoral measures to erode the interest of the shareholders

    但是，職業經理人掌握了公司經營控制權後有可能利用其職權和信息優勢採取機會主義行為損害所有者的利益。經理人對所有者利益的侵佔行為被稱之為內部人控制問題。
  17. Although williamson actually establishes the untruth of the concept of efficiency of pareto from the perspective of the asymmetric information, limited rationality and opportunism, etc. kaldor and hicks argue that the efficiency of the whole society is more important than that of the loss of some individual. additionally, some other economists addresses a wide variety of critics on the concept of efficiency of pareto, but none of them could overthrow the optimum state of pareto, and all those remarks are only confined to target at various kinds of the restrictive conditions of the concept

    盡管威廉姆森從信息不對稱、有限理性和機會主義等方面證實了帕累托效率的不真實，卡爾多和希克斯認為整體性的效率要重要于某些個體的損失，還有其他經濟學家提出了各種各樣的其他批評，但他們並沒有能否定帕累托的最優化狀態，而只是考察了各種各樣的約束條件而已。
  18. Due to information asymmetry and different kinds of irrational and opportunistic behaviors in the process of information transmission, it happens frequently that securities information cannot be reflected efficiently on securities prices. this leads to securities market inefficiency

    由於信息不對稱及信息傳遞總過程中的各種非理性和機會主義行為，證券信息往往不能在證券價格上得到有效反映，證券市場有效性降低。
  19. When putting structure of corporate governance into game analysis of earning managements, we found that the structure of corporate governance is a key institution factor affecting efficiency of earning managements. out - of - balance structure restrains the formation of efficient earning managements, and stimulates the generation of opportunistic earning managements. structure of corporate governance in balance can restrain opportunistic earning managements, and stimulates efficient earning managements in order to arrive to pareto efficiency equilibrium, governances of earning managements should be oriented as corporate governance, and include

    把公司治理結構引入盈餘管理的博弈分析，我們發現:公司治理結構是影響盈餘管理效率的關鍵制度因素;失衡性治理結構抑制效率型盈餘管理形成，刺激機會主義盈餘管理產生;制衡性治理結構能夠有效地約束機會主義盈餘管理，激勵效率型盈餘管理達到帕累托最優均衡;盈餘管理治理應以公司治理為導向，具體包括激勵效率型盈餘管理和約束機會主義盈餘管理兩個方面。
  20. And, even participate in the kit cooperation that the large business enterprise produces system to produce, because of large business enterprise ’ s control of the need and the key technical, the small and medium business enterprise have to accept the buyer ’ s high price causing by the behavior of opportunism, which lead to their profit ability is low, being placed in tiny benefit or the edge of to the bad. so the small and medium business enterprise in the industry of dynamoelectric equipment are hard to get away from the predicament of the development in a long - term

    長期以來，由於許多中小型企業受資金匱乏、技術投入和技術開發力量不足，經營和生產者素質偏低、生產規模較小等因素的限制，市場能力難以獲得較快的提高;而且即使參與大型企業生產體系的配套協作生產，因大型企業對需求和關鍵技術的控制，導致中小型企業在分包市場上不得不接受買方機會主義行為所帶來的價格盤剝，盈利能力低下，處于微利或虧損的邊緣。所以，發電設備行業的中小型企業長期難以擺脫發展的困境。
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