橫向比降 的英文怎麼說

中文拼音 [héngxiàngbǐjiàng]
橫向比降 英文
transverse gradient
  • 橫 : 橫形容詞1. （蠻橫; 兇暴） harsh and unreasonable; perverse 2. （不吉利的; 意外的） unexpected
  • 比 : Ⅰ動詞1 （比較; 較量高下、 長短、距離、好壞等） compare; compete; contrast; match; emulate 2 （比...
  • 降 : 降動詞1. （投降） surrender; capitulate 2. （降伏） subdue; vanquish; tame
  • 橫向 : broadwise; infeed; crossrange; abeam;transverse; transverse direction; cross; crosswise; lateral;...
  1. Secondly, based on the microbeam analytical technique, on the one hand, through investigating the characteristic of major elements in the mantle minerals the author acquired the static information from mantle ; on the other hand, through multi - point analysis of a part of the minerals from mantle, the auther got dynamic information from mantle. finally, generalizating the fruits of this study and predecessors, the autor holds that the constituents of lithospheric mantle possibly includes spinel lherzolites, clinopyroxenites, websterite, dunite, harzburgites, garnet lherzite, phlogopite lherzite, eclogites, clinopyroxene megacrysts ; compared with east china and north china platform, the research field mantle shows the characteristics of higher degree of partial melting processes and more depleted mantle ; the. upper mantle beneath north hetian area is heterogeneous, with a tendency of deficit in a12o3 and lree from kaliyang in west hetian to the river basin of kalakshi river and yulongkashi river ; the subduction of the crust beneath north hetian has ever occurred in geological history and caused the mixing of mantle - crust ; the depth of the origination of basaltic magmas beneath north hetian exceeds 73km ; the thickness of the lithosphere beneath the research area amounts to 204. 9km ; the mantle beneath north hetian has geological condtions for forming diamond deposits

    最後，綜合本區幔源礦物和地幔巖石的特徵以及地球物理資料，得出如下結論：本區上地幔的物質組成有尖晶石二輝橄欖巖、二輝巖、單斜輝石巖、純橄欖巖、方輝橄欖巖、石榴石二輝橄欖巖、金雲母二輝橄欖巖、榴輝巖；與中國東部以及華北地臺上地幔相比，研究區上地幔具有富集主元素中相容元素和虧損其中的不相容元素的特徵，局部熔融程度較高；上地幔存在橫向和縱向的不均一性，從西部的克里陽到喀拉喀什河和玉龍喀什河流域， al和lree富集程度呈下降趨勢，不同來源的相同礦物中主元素的含量差異較大；地質歷史時期這里可能發生過地殼俯沖並產生殼幔混合作用；玄武巖漿的起源深度73km ；從幔源重砂礦物的溫壓估算結果，可以推斷出巖石圈厚度可達204 . 9km ；綜合巖石圈物質組成特徵、巖石圈熱狀態、地幔溫壓狀態、氧逸度以及幔源巖石和幔源礦物的化學成分，認為研究區具備了金剛石成礦地幔地質條件。
  2. Zircaloy - 4 sheet, which was cold - worked followed by recrystallization annealing, exhibits longer lcf life in the rolling direction than that in the transverse direction, and the fact that difference in lcf life between both directions becomes larger as the range of plastic strain becomes lower can be attributed to the texture effect, p - solution treatment deteriorates the alloy ' s lcf property because the treatment lowers the average value of alloy ' s schmid factors, and the subsequent annealing - treatment in a - phase range has a impact on the lcf properties, i. e. the subsequent annealing - treatment at 500 ? for 1. 5h results in better property than that at 750 for 1. 5h, which comes mainly from the fact that the alloy annealled at 500 for 1. 5h has lower amount of the precipitate particles than the alloy annealled at 750 for 1. 5h

    對于冷加工后經再結晶退火處理的zr - 4合金，軋制方向的低周疲勞壽命比橫向要大。隨著_ p的降低，兩個方向的低周疲勞壽命的差別相應增加，這是由於合金中存在織構的緣故。冷加工后經再結晶退火處理的zr - 4合金在固溶處理后，抗疲勞性能明顯降低，這主要是由於固溶處理降低了合金的schmid因子；固溶處理后在相區的退火對疲勞性能有影響，即500 1 . 5h退火的抗疲勞性能要優於750 1 . 5h退火，這主要與500 1 . 5h退火的合金中沉澱相粒子的數量較少有關。
  3. Some conclusions are drawn : 1 ) effect of inertial force from superstructures on the lateral seismic response of single pile can not be ignored ; 2 ) the lateral seismic response of single pile induced by far - field earthquake are mainly affected by acceleration mass of superstructure > site eigenperiod. it increases with the increment of accele ration and mass of superstructure. as the site characteristic frequency approaches the self - oscillation frequency of the pile, sympathetic vibration occurs and the value of lateral seismic response reaches maximum ; 3 ) as the stiffness ratio of pile to soil increase, the relative displacement of pile to soil increases ; 4 ) the lateral seismic response of fixed - head pile is much smaller than that of free - head pile

    將其解析解與具體的的抗震設防烈度和場地特徵周期結合起來，計算分析了成層地基中單樁的橫向地震響應，得到了以下結論： 1 ）上部結構慣性力對樁的橫向地震響應的影響不可忽略； 2 ）成層地基中的單樁的橫向地震響應主要受地震基本加速度、場地特徵周期、上部結構質量的影響，隨地震基本加速度、上部結構質量的增大而增大；場地特徵頻率越接近樁基自振頻率，樁基地震響應越大，等於自振頻率時，由於發生共振現象，樁基響應幅值最大； 3 ）樁土剛度比越大，樁土之間的相對位移的幅值越大； 4 ）樁頂固接的連接方式，可以有效地降低地震時單樁的橫向地震響應。
  4. 2 ) the value of base frequency, which is the first order vertical - bending vibration, is bigger in box girder bridges than those of t - beams. it shows that the vibration performance of box girder bridge is better than t - beams. 3 ) when considering the shear deformation of beam, the vibration frequency calculated by is bigger than those not considering the shear deformation

    T型梁的基頻為橫向振動，而整體箱梁的基頻為豎向彎曲振動；整體箱梁的一階豎彎振動的頻率比t型梁得到了提高；整體箱梁的動力性能優于t型梁；考慮剪切變形后，梁的自振頻率降低，對于整體箱梁其降低值接近於5 ，在分析時不應忽略。
  5. With the increasing initial orientation angle and length - width ratio, the drifting distance, the fluctuation of the orientation angle, lateral drifting velocity and rotation velocity all increase, while the final settling velocity decreases with the increasing length - width ratio

    初始取向角和長寬比增大，則粒子的橫向漂移以及取向角、側向漂移速度和轉動角速度的振蕩幅度都增大；同時隨著長寬比的增大，粒子的沉降速度相應減小。
  6. Get the main conclusion as follows : when producing advantage enterprises in horizontal merger, if the figure of leaders enterprise do n ' t equal to zero, the horizontal merger motive exists, and under certain condition, this kind of horizontal merger will increase the social total welfare, this is exactly the reason why horizontal merger gets support ; when horizontal merger does not produce advantage enterprises, the condition that the motive exists is extremely harsh, and this kind of merger rises the product price and reduce the social total welfare ; when the market is couront market, if merging side ' s production capacity after merge ca n ' t reach optimum in theories satisfied, so long as its production capacity exceed the sum of optimum output of merger participate, merge motive exists, and horizontal merger will increase the social total welfare rises ; when high - level enterprises merge low level enterprises, because merging side ca n ' t get profit or those do n ' t participate in merger get more profit than merging side, motive

    得到主要結論如下:當橫向並購產生優勢企業時，原先市場的領導層企業數目不等於零時，橫向並購動機存在，而且在一定條件下，這種橫向並購會使社會福利增加，這正是橫向並購得到支持的原因所在;當橫向並購不產生上優勢企業時，動機存在的條件極為苛刻，基本上與不產生優勢企業的假設相違背，可以認為這種並購的動機不存在，而且這種並購導致產品價格上升，社會總福利降低;如果市場近似古諾競爭市場，並購后並購方生產能力不能滿足理論上的最優產量，只要其生產能力超過並購前參與並購各方的最優產量之和，那麼並購動機就會存在，而且橫向並購會導致產品價格下降，社會總福利上升;當處于高層次的企業並購低層次企業時，由於並購者不能獲利或者未參與並購者獲利增加比並購方多，並購動機不存在或者很微弱。
  7. Based on the analysis of suzhou ' s urbanization process and annual rainfall time series analysis of suzhou and wangting precipitation stations during 1953 ~ 2000, by comparing rural precipitation ( wangting precipitation station ) with urban precipitation ( suzhou precipitation station ) and comparing rainfalls at each station in different periods, the authors analyzed the effect of urbanization on distribution of annual rainfall, precipitation, rainfall frequency etc

    在分析了蘇州城市化發展進程的特點及1953 ~ 2000年降雨時間序列特徵基礎上，採用同時期城區（蘇州站）與郊區（望亭站）雨量橫向對比、城市化發展不同時期同一站雨量縱向對比的方法，研究了城市化對該地區降雨量、降雨年內分配、降雨發生次數等的影響。
  8. Fluorescence power transfer function, three - dimensional point spread function ( 3d - psf ) and three - dimensional optical transfer function ( sd - otf ) for the various fluorescent wavelength of the two kinds of fluorescence confocal scanning microscopy are calculated in this paper by using fourier imaging theory. the results show that the fluorescent wavelength has influence on imaging property of confocal microscopy such as spatial cut - off frequency, resolution and 3d - otf. there is a different missing - cone in the 3 - d space of otf when the ratio of excitation wavelength to fluorescent wavelength decreases

    本文在sheppard和gumin等人的理論基礎上，利用fourier光學成像理論，討論了不同熒光波長對單光子和雙光子共焦顯微鏡成像特性的影響，導出了單光子和雙光子共焦顯微鏡的熒光功率傳輸函數、三維脈沖響應函數和三維光學傳遞函數，得到了它們在不同激發波長與熒光波長比值時具體的表達式，並且通過數值計算，得到了它們的曲線圖，結果表明：隨著激發波長與熒光波長比值的增加，焦斑的橫向分佈和縱向分佈變窄，橫向解析度和縱向解析度提高，系統的成像效果變好，當激發波長與熒光波長的比值下降到一定程度時，可以看到不同程度的失錐現象。
  9. The experiment data shows that the region with large surface gradients in longitudinal and horizontal direction locates at the vicinity of spur dike. backwater appear upstream the spur dike, and there exist a recirculation area at the same side downstream the spur dike

    實測水位資料表明水流縱橫向比降大的區域位於丁壩上下游附近，在丁壩的上游出現壅水，下游存在有收縮區和恢復區，離丁壩越遠縱橫向水位的變幅越小。
  10. With the using of microsoft visual basic 6. 0, a multimedia computer - aided design system of small type pumping irrigation district is developed in this paper. provided with the live multimedia messages as well as a good man - machine conversation mechanism, this system can help the user to finish the planning of an pumping irrigated area such as the layout of canal system, the selection of pump models, the establishment of the irrigation program, the calculating of canals " parameters, the estimate of the project magnitude, the selection of the field constructions, the economic analysis of the project, the output of results, etc, a new oo ( object oriented ) programming method is adopted in this system, various softwares are integrated in this systems as well by the " automation " technic provided by vb, in addition, the multimedia technic is applied to this system for the first time, it makes the system easy to ope rate. as for the optimization of the canals " section, a new optimization method is adopted based on the existing theories about the canals " section, and in this way, with the purpose of minimizing the project ' s investment as well as a stalized canal, limited by the longituding slope, the canals " best feasible parameters can be deduced. furthermore, a integral method to reckon the earth work is developed in this paper, by this way, the estimate precision of the earthwork is enhanced notably. this paper includes the particular illumination for the developing procedure of each systems " segment, and in the end, the directions of the system are demonstrated in a sample area which lies in the zhaija village, taizhou city, jiangsu province, the running results showed that the initial purposes are achieved effectively, and it has a preferable practicability

    在渠道縱橫斷面優化方面，本文在利用已經比較成熟的縱橫斷面優化理論的基礎上，提出以工程總費用最小為目標函數，以渠道縱坡i為控制變量，以渠道不沖不淤流速及灌區允許地面比降為約束條件，通過縱橫斷面聯動優化的方法得到渠道的最佳工程可行的斷面參數。另外，針對部分地區的取土困難的狀況，本文採用積分法計算渠道工程土方量，從而大大提高了土方量的估算精度，有助於準確控制工程投資規模及資金投向。本文詳細闡述了該系統所採用的編程方法、系統構成、系統各組成模塊的開發過程以及灌區規劃所採用的優化方法及原理，最後應用本系統對泰州市翟家村機電灌區進行規劃設計，運行結果證明其操作比較簡便，界面友好，運行速度快，規劃成果合理，基本達到了系統預定的要求，具備較強的實用性。
  11. When the frequency approaches zero, the factor approaches zero correspondingly ; 2 ) the amplitude of interaction factors changes with the incident angle of rayleigh waves and reaches maximum when is zero. moreover, with the increase of, the wave period shortens apparently ; ( 3 ) the amplitude of interaction factors decreases as the pile spacing increases and approaches to zero when the pile spacing is 15 ; 4 ) the amplitudes of interaction factors increase clearly with the increasing stiffness ratio of pile to soil ; 5 ) the lat eral seismic response of fixed - head pile groups is much smaller than that of free - head pile groups. moreover, the pile - group effects induced by rayleigh waves can be neglected ; 6 ) the lateral seismic response of piles at different location differs from each other

    得到了以下結論： 1 ）樁的相互作用因子隨頻率呈周期性變化，在振動頻率比較低的情況下，樁的橫向相互作用因子也較低，當頻率趨近於零時，相互作用因子也趨近於零； 2 ）樁的相互作用因子的幅值隨瑞利波入射角度的變化而變化，在= 0情況下幅值最大，且隨入射角度的增加，波動的周期明顯縮短； 3 ）樁的相互作用因子的幅值隨著樁與樁間距的增加而減小，至s d = 15時，樁的相互作用因子基本趨近於0 ； 4 ）在頻率比較低時，相互作用因子幅值隨樁土相對剛度比的增加而顯著增加； 5 ）樁頂固接可以有效地降低群樁的橫向地震響應幅值，由瑞利波產生的群樁效應可以忽略不計； 6 ）群樁中不同樁位的樁的橫向地震響應是不同的，每根樁所在的樁位對其橫向地震響應有很大的影響；刀樁數的增加並不能減小樁的橫向動力響應。
  12. The study paid attention to the change of teacher ' s sense of teaching efficacy teaching motivation and occupational stress under such realistic background. by analysis and explanation of investigation data, the study concludes the results as follows : 1 after implement of curricular reform, general teaching efficacy of teachers who have joined curricular reform compared to their past or to of what teachers who have n ' t joined curricular reform goes up significantly, while personal teaching efficacy ( significantly ) declines ; 2 after implement of curricular reform, intrinsic motivation of teachers who have joined curricular reform compared to their past ( significantly ) presents descending trend, while their outer motivation ( significantly ) rises apparently. so that their intrinsic motivation and outer motivation are significantly much higher than of what teachers who have n ' t joined curricular reform ; 3 after implement of curricular reform, occupational role and personal stress of teachers who have joined curricular reform compared to their past or to of what teachers who have n ' t joined curricular reform goes up significantly, while their relaxation of personal resource significantly declines, but have no remarkable difference at other aspects ; 4 the sense of teaching efficacy teaching motivation and occupational stress of teachers which belong to different characteristic and category exists remarkable difference before and after new curricular reform ; 5 teachers " sense of teaching efficacy teaching motivation and occupational stress tie together tightly, while the interaction of teaching motivation and occupational stress is prominence, occupational stress directly influences teaching motivation, and indirectly influences the sense of teaching efficacy

    通過對調查數據予以分析和說明，本研究得到如下結論： （ 1 ）課程改革以後，參與課改的教師無論與自身縱向相比，還是與未參加課改的教師橫向相比，其一般教育效能感顯著上升，而教師的個人教學效能感則（顯著）下降； （ 2 ）課程改革以後，參與課改的教師與自身縱向相比其內部動機有較為顯著的下降趨勢，外部動機則有顯著地上升趨勢；其內部動機和外部動機都（顯著）高於未參加課改的教師； （ 3 ）課程改革以後，參與課改的教師無論是與自身縱向相比，還是與未參與課改的教師橫向相比，其「職業任務」和「個體緊張反應」方面均呈現（非常）顯著地上升趨勢，而在「個體應對資源」方面除休閑是顯著降低外，其餘無顯著的差異； （ 4 ）不同特徵和類別教師的「教學效能感」 、 「教學動機」和「職業緊張應對」在課改前後的變化狀況上存在（顯著）差異； （ 5 ）教師教學效能感、教學動機和職業緊張應對密切聯系，教學動機與教學效能感相互作用顯著；而職業緊張應對直接顯著影響教學動機，間接影響教學效能感。
  13. Compared w ith t he c alculated r esults and monitoring data, to verify i f the p resent parameters can accord with the real situation of nanjing. the distribution of surface settlement trough is obtained by one - dimensional wave theory and calculation. the range of surface settlement trough coefficient is retrofitted

    通過對比peck法計算值和實測值，驗證現有的經驗參數是否能很好地滿足南京地區的實際情況，通過對實測曲線的擬合和數值計算得到沉降槽半寬度，從而改進了南京地區橫向地表沉降槽寬度系數k的取值范圍，有助於盾構法在南京地區的推廣和應用。
  14. At the first step of the algorithm, based on the theory of principal component analysis, a modified principal component analysis ( mpca ) approach is adopted to reduce the dimension of data horizontally, then after comparing existing clustering algorithms, an immune clustering algorithm is put forward based on similarity measurement of principle component core for vertical reduction by using related mechanism of clone selection as well as immune network self - stabilization in natural organic immune system for reference

    在進行樣本參量的降維處理時，基於主元分析的思想，採用一種改進的主元分析（ mpca ）方法用於橫向數據壓縮，在壓縮樣本數量時，綜述和比較了現有的各種聚類演算法，借鑒生物體自然免疫系統中克隆選擇以及免疫網路自穩定等有關機理，提出了基於主元核相似度的免疫聚類演算法用於縱向數據壓縮。
  15. According to this practical project, beijing metro no. 10 line crosses under the beijing metro no. 13 line existed station structure, this paper has made an overall and systemic analytical study on crosswise surface settlement and the longitudinal surface settlement process which influence by metro tunnel construction with shield driven method through analyzing a mass of site monitoring data. the settlements in different period are concluded, the crosswise surface settlement influence scope, some construction factors to surface settlement has been analyzed too

    本文針對北京地鐵十號線芍藥居至北土城東站區間隧道下穿既有城鐵十三號線芍藥居車站結構這一實際工程，通過大量的現場監測資料分析，研究了盾構掘進過程中對橫向地表沉降和縱向地表沉降的影響過程;探討了盾構掘進各個階段的沉降占總沉降量的百分比;分析了盾構掘進對橫向地表沉降的影響范圍，以及各種施工因素對地表沉降的影響。
  16. This research is based on a group of countries in deferent developing phase in the same period. then, by using spss statistic software, from the regressive model, we made a conclusion that a cubic curve is found to describe the law of the housing ratio that change with economic development. we hereby divide the cubic curve into three phases : rising, falling, and re - rising, then we analysis the character of each phase

    本文採用橫向數據分析法，研究了同一時期處于不同經濟發展水平的一系列國家住宅產業增加值在gdp中所佔的比率，然後藉助spss統計軟體進行回歸分析，得出了住宅比率隨經濟發展呈現三次曲線的變化規律的結論，並據此劃分了住宅產業發展軌跡的三個階段，即上升階段、下降階段、再上升階段，分析了每個階段的基本特徵。
  17. The relation between the dimensions and performance studied in this paper. the orientation to obtain better performance is given. from the electromagnetic field calculation, it finds out that the flux leakage in the side surface is large. under this direction, a additional magnetic motive force is given against the flux leakage

    通過對橫向磁通永磁電機的電磁場分析計算，發現橫向磁通永磁電機轉子端面漏磁通占漏磁通比例很大，在計算結果的指導下採取了在漏磁通磁路中提供一個與漏磁磁勢相反的磁勢的方法來降低漏磁通取得了預期效果。
  18. In the process of single fiber sedimentation, it is steady that the fiber axis orients horizontally. the terminal sedimentation rate and the lateral shifting rate increase with the particle aspect ratio. the fiber with the aspect ratio of about 2. 8 rotates fastest to the stable location

    對于單根纖維的沉降，其穩定取向是軸線與重力方向垂直的方向；纖維的沉降速度隨長徑比的增加而增加，但趨勢變緩；纖維的橫向漂移隨長徑比增加而增加；長徑比在3左右的纖維，旋轉到穩定取向的速度最快。
  19. The results of simulation show that, compared to the passive suspension system with optimal damping, using continuous damping control rules, the rms values of lateral response acceleration car body can be reduced 20 % to 25 %, maximum values ( 3er ) of lateral acceleration can be reduced 40 % to 50 %, the ride comfort index can be reduced 10 % to 15 %

    結果數據表明，與阻尼最優的被動懸掛相比，採用連續型阻尼控制策略，車體橫向加速度響應的均方根值能降低20 - 25 ，加速度最大值能降低約40 - 50 ，橫向平穩性指標降低約10 - 15 。
  20. At the basis of this interpret, the text makes a thorough study of economic efficiency of three types of mergence. ( such as horizontal merger, vertical merger and conglomerate merger ). in macro level, the rationality of m & a and its products lies in scale economics and also lies in reducing relevant costs & diversifying operation risk, etc. it sets forth good results of mergence to mechanism adjustment of production construction in detail

    然後，從企業績效角度的不同層面具體分析企業並購之動因，對橫向並購、縱向並購和混合併購等三種形式的經濟效率進行深入的比較研究，認為橫向並購可獲得規模經濟，在有限理性的環境下縱向並購可以降低交易費用，而混合併購可達到組合效應和降低經營風險的目的。
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