次低函數 的英文怎麼說
中文拼音 [cìdīhánshǔ]
次低函數
英文
subharmonic function-
Analyzing the physics structure of vorticity, divergence, vertical velocity, frontogenesis " function, apparent heat source and apparent moist sink etc. indicated the physics fields are favorable for the occurance of the heavy rain over changjiang - huaihe river basin where the physics values are well according to the heavy rainstorm positions ; the low level jet is closely subject to the moisture and the coupled system of the low and the upper level jetstreams induced the strongly " ascending motion ; the intensity of the frontogenesis varies with the development of the rainfall system and reacts the rainfall intensity
主要分析了這次過程中的多種物理量，包括渦度、散度、垂直速度、鋒生函數、視熱源、視水汽匯等，對這一暴雨過程有了比較系統的認識。結果表明：在江淮流域存在著有利於發生暴雨的物理量場配置，渦度、散度、垂直速度等物理量，與暴雨的落區都很吻合的；低空急流的產生不僅有利於水汽的輸送，而且高低空急流的耦合造成了有利於強上升運動的配置；鋒生強度隨著降水系統的發展變化，並影響降水強度。Seeondly ， on the basie of the stu 勿 of the stratifieation and pattems of income distribution in today ’ 5 china ， it 15 found that there were the “ strawhat ， ， eharaeteristic of the familial income and the “ dumbbell ， ’ charaeteristie of the regional ineome difference in the urban china. also were there the “ p ” eharaeteristie of the familial ineome differenee and the “ pyramid ， ， eharaeteristic of the regional income differenee in the rural china. referred to the soeial seienee ， a pattern of the personal ineome distribution eomposed of high ， middle and low ineome stratums in china was demonstrated ? an intemational eomparison also was done. then ， it was proved by using the method of chaotic eeonomies that the formation of the pattern ofthe personal ineome distribution was due to dlfl 七 renees of income distribution functions
其次，論文研究了當前中國居民收入分配格局分化特徵，獨創性地提出了城鎮居民收入分配格局按家庭和地區分別具有「斗笠型」和「啞鈴型」特徵，農村居民收入分配格局按家庭和地區分別具有「型」和「金字塔型」特徵。並且借鑒社會學的研究成果，提出了全體居民收入分配格局具有高、中、低三層分化的特徵。在對收入分配格局進行國際比較之後，採用混沌經濟學的分析方法，作者構建出了不同收入階層的收入模型，首創性地論證了全體居民收入分配格局三層分化的原因在於收入分佈函數的不同，從本質上揭示出居民收入分配格局分化的機理。This paper first begin with the connotation of virtual instrument technology, study and discuss the criterion and the working theory of usb deeply. on the principle of usb1. 1criterion, using usb interface chip usbn9604 and low consumption mirochip c8051f231, we designed the available interface of usb bus and its controlling software, turn the communicating function based usb bus between computer and testing device. second based on the developed interface of usb bus, using microchip pic16c62 and a mount of relays, we designed the multiswitching scanner and its controlling software to complete the funtion of accesses swithing in testing system. third calling the api function inside the windows using vb programming language, communicat with the impelling program of selected hid, achieve the function of testing instrument with usb interface, complete the development of upside software faced testing. at last, based on the deep studying of pcb testing method, used the developed multiswithing scanner and software faced testing, combinated with necessary testing instrument, we constructed the pcb testing system and analized the testing result simply
論文首先從虛擬儀器的技術內涵出發，深入研究和討論了通用串列總線usb規范及工作原理，並依據usb1 . 1規范，採用usb介面晶元usbn9604和低功耗微處理器c8051f231設計開發了通用的usb總線介面及其控制固件，實現了通用計算機與測試設備之間基於usb總線的通信功能；其次，在所開發的usb總線介面的基礎上，使用微處理器pic16c62和多路繼電器開關，設計開發出實現測試系統中測試通道切換功能的多路通道掃描器及其控制固件；再次，採用vb語言編程，調用windows內部api函數，與選定hid類驅動程序進行通信，實現usb總線介面測試儀器功能，完成面向測試的上層軟體開發；最後，在深入研究印刷電路板測試方法的基礎上，利用已開發的多路通道掃描器和面向測試軟體，結合必要測試儀器組建印刷電路板測試系統，並對測試結果進行了簡要的誤差分析。The teaching of green function method is from known to unknown and from plain to profound, which alleviates difficulty of student ' s studying and mastering green function method and depresses the step of learning green function method
這樣從已知到未知，由淺入深，層層展開，可以減輕學生學習與掌握green函數方法的困難，降低了學習green函數方法的層次。There are five parts are as follows : in part one, the concept of switching function is introduced first to establish the nonlinear mathematical model of the induction motor variable frequency speed adjustment system which is fed by a sine pulse width modulated ( spwm ) inverter and takes the effect of the main magnetic circuit saturation into consideration, then the low frequency oscillation of the system is simulated according to the model. next, from the view point of energy conversion of the inverter - induction system, a criterion for the low frequency oscillation is proposed to determine whether the system is in low frequency oscillation which is judged by whether the interval of the negative current component of the inverter input current is more than 1 / fc ( fc is the carrier wave frequency of the inverter ) or not
首先引入開關函數概念，建立了正弦脈寬調制（ spwm ）逆變器供電異步電動機，考慮主磁路飽和時的變頻調速系統整體數學模型，模擬系統的低頻振蕩；其次從逆變器-異步電動機系統能量轉換角度出發，提出通過檢測逆變器輸入電流中負電流的間隔時間是否大於1 / f _ c （ f _ c為逆變器載波頻率）來判定系統是否出現低頻振蕩；最後的實驗結果驗證了系統低頻振蕩建模和判據的實用性和正確性。Firstly, this article summarizes consideration modes appeared in share structure reform into 3 kinds, including share adjustment, cash payment, and warrants issuance, and proves that consideration modes of share adjustment are completely equivalent to each other, and that consideration modes of share adjustment are equivalent to cash payment and cash payment is equivalent to warrants issuance when we neglect some subordinate conditions. then it is concluded that when we neglect the subordinate conditions, all kinds of consideration modes can be unified as anyone of them, and comparison between different simple or even complex consideration modes can be made. thus all kinds of considerations can be converted to a discounted ratio of stock price decline to figure consideration price of any listed companies paid in share structure reform
本文首先將股權分置改革中的對價方式歸納為股本調整類（非流通股股東向流通股股東送股、非流通股縮股、流通股擴股） 、現金對價和權證對價三大類，通過歸納兩類股東的對價水平評價指標，以及兩類股東的對價效用函數變量在一定條件下的相等，通過七個命題依次證明了股本調整類對價方式的完全等效性，以及在忽略一些次要變量的情況下股本調整與現金對價、現金對價與權證對價的等效性，由此得出在一定條件下可以將股權分置改革中的各種對價方式統一起來，以及不同類或者混合的對價方式之間可以比較對價水平的結論，並通過折算的股價降低率來表示上市公司股權分置改革的對價水平。Three finite - difference methods, i. e., stagger grid, implicit and explicit algorithms, are analyzed in detail. multi - grid algorithm is firstly introduced in elastic wave simulation, to solve for the stability problem inherent in stagger grid and implicit algorithm, also for the efficiency problem inherent in explicit algorithm, and the precision, stability and efficiency for simulation of elastic wave arc increased by multi - grid method. phase - delay method is provided to effectively absorb boundary reflection and increase efficiency for wave motion simulation, based on phase delay and amplitude decaying features along wave propagation
在水平分層介質接收函數的波形反演研究的基礎上，本文系統闡述了非均勻介質中彈性波傳播數值模擬常用的三種有限差分方法：顯式差分、隱式差分和交錯網格法，首次將多重網格演算法應用於彈性波方程的數值模擬問題，克服了交錯網格法和顯式差分法穩定性差，以及隱式差分法計算效率低的缺點，大大提高了彈性波數值模擬的精度、穩定性和計算效率。Multi - channel deconvolution, based on multi - channel signal analysis, is presented to recover receiver function from three - component teleseismic p waveforms clustered within certain backazimuth and epicenter distance, to increase the resolution of receiver function. wavelet inversion is also introduced to broadband receiver function, to solve for nonuniqueness cased by linear approximation of nonlinear problem, and broadband receiver function is decomposed into multi - resolution versions, and the inversion result for the low - resolution version is iteratively taken as the initial model for the high - resolution, and gradually obtain the inversion model for broadband receiver function
為克服廣義線性反演對初始模型的依賴性，並保持其快速收斂的特點，本文首次將小波變換引入到接收函數波形反演，將接收函數分解到不同的分辨尺度上，分別進行廣義線性反演，並將低解析度的反演結果作為高解析度反演的初始模型，漸近地獲取寬頻帶接收函數的模型，克服了非線性問題線性化帶來的非唯一性。Secondly, because of the faultiness of these algorithmic routines of dissipation factor in existence, this dissertation puts forward an improved correlation function algorithm based on wavelet analysis, and the improved algorithm focuses on two lesding aspects : one is the methods to reduce noise and distill the fundamental, the other is the means to reduce the errors resulted by frequency fluctuating
其次針對現有介損計算方法的不足，提出了一種基於小波變換理論的改進相關函數法的介質損耗值計算方法，主要從去噪、提取基波的方法以及降低由於電網頻率波動所造成的誤差兩個方面來考慮。並對此方法進行了模擬分析和驗證了改進演算法的優越性。Aimed at the current problem of pipeline layout optimization technique, the research of irrigation pipeline layout and pipe diameter optimization has been done, the gis ( geography information system ) and graph theory were first put forwarded to applyed to the design of low pressure pipeline irrigation project in the paper. with the support of gis, the minimal spanning tree theory of graph theory and 120 project theory can be applied to irrigation pipeline ' s layout optimization. at the aspect of pipe diameter optimization, simplicial method and interior - point method are been used in solve liner optimization model of pipe diameter to reach minimum project cost or a nnual working cost of low pressure pipeline irrigation
本文主要針對當前南方地區低壓管道輸水灌溉規劃設計中存在的技術難點，開發研究先進實用的樹狀低壓輸水灌溉管網計算機輔助設計系統。首次提出了將gis （地理信息系統）和圖論技術應用於低壓管道輸水灌溉規劃設計及灌溉管網優化中，在gis支持環境下，應用圖論中的最小生成樹法和120規劃進行管道的最優化布置。建立以管道輸水灌溉系統的年折算費用最小為目標函數的管徑優化線性規劃模型，並將內點法應用於線性優化模型的求解。In the analysis process, the six main peaks in 88 - 100 kev region, including the y peaks of 234th, the k peaks of th and the k peaks of u, are chosen. the smoothly joined gaussian function and low energy exponential tail is taken as peak shape function and quadratic polynomial is taken as background function. the two functions are fitted to gether to calculate the peak area
在分析過程中，選擇了88 - 100kev能區的~ （ 234 ） th的射線峰， th的k _射線峰以及u的k _射線峰共六個主要能峰，通過採用高斯函數和低能指數尾部光滑聯接的峰形函數和二次多項式本底函數一起擬合，來求出峰面積；而該能區所有能峰的探測效率可以認為是近似相等的，由此得到鈾富集度。Comparing with the traditional phase - shifted laser range finder, the method could implement the ranging with multifrequency by using single modulated frequency. it could not only solve the contradiction of the range and the precision, but has high degree of accuracy and wide range, simplify the hardware design, and reduce the cost. this paper introduced the theory of phase distance measurement, analyzed various testing methods and expatiated the hardware and the software for the proposal system
與傳統的相位法測距相比，本方法使用單調制頻率實現了多頻測距，有效地解決了相位法測距中測程與測量精度之間的矛盾，具有高精度、大量程、大噪聲容限的特點，而且簡化了硬體設計，降低了成本；其次在數據處理中採用數據加窗函數的方法，提高了方波信號的頻譜解析度，進而提高了測量的精度。Second, by constructing the government ' s utility function, we explain the motivation of government ' s strange action to deal with stock market. as the monitor and large shareholder of the stock market, china government is in a dilemma : as a monitor, he hope the stock price can reflect the real value of the stock. as a shareholder, he hope the stock price as high as possible
其次，通過對政府對證券市場效用偏好函數的分析，揭示了政府對市場監管嚴厲程度的「相機抉擇」行為和政府對股票市場「隱性擔保行"為產生的根源，分析結果表明：不完備的市場交易機制和政府同時作為市場的監管者和籌資者的角色沖突，是導致中國證券市場信息效率低下，投機氣氛濃厚，市盈率居高不下的根本原因。If we now release the continuity requirements on the function, i. e. lowering the order of the function space, we obtain a "weak" solution.
如果我們減弱函數的連續性要求，即降低函數空間的階次，那麼我們就得到一個「弱」解。According to the basic theory of iir filters, a scheme of hardware implementation is worked out combining with the fact that coefficients of numerator and denominator of transfer function are fixed and the structural feature of selected hdpld. from the clew of implementing a stratified ， modularized and parameterized design ， the thesis describes the hardware implementation of the iir filter with vhdl and schematic diagram design method. two examples that are iir notch filter and iir low - pass filter are given ， the stability of filters and the effects of quantification of coefficient are also analyzed
以iir數字濾波器的基本理論為依據，結合濾波器的傳遞函數分子、分母系數固定這一事實和選用的高密度可編程邏輯器件的特點，確定了iir數字濾波器的硬體實現方案；按照層次化、模塊化、參數化的設計思路，採用vhdl硬體描述語言和原理圖兩種設計技術進行了iir濾波器的硬體設計；本文給出了iir陷波濾波器和低通濾波器兩個設計實例，對設計的濾波器都進行了穩定性分析和系數量化影響分析；最終將完成的iir濾波器的硬體設計配置到晶元中，並在製作的實驗電路中進行了實際濾波效果測試。The small range searching technique can correct 4 more conditions for the first iteration differential and 3 more conditions for the second iteration differential, thus improving the probability and the complexity to find collisions. the whole attack on the md5 can be accomplished within 5 hours using a pc with pentium4 1. 70ghz cpu
關于hash函數的碰撞攻擊最近幾年取得了舉世注目的成果，王小雲等提出的基於模減的差分分析方法有效地攻破了md4 ， md5 ， ripmd ， haval和sha - 0等一系列hash函數，其攻擊演算法復雜度都低於次壓縮函數運算，在一般的個人電腦上運算都可以找到碰撞實例。In the part of image preprocessing, a segmentation algorithm for fingerprint image based on the information of gradient orientations was programmed. according to the uniformity and partial parallarity of ridges and furrows of fingerprint, a model of gabor filter was established to enhance fingerprint image. since two - dimensional gabor filter could be separated into two one - dimensional filters, the complexity of the algorithm could be reduced efficiently
在圖像預處理方面，利用指紋圖像梯度特性進行圖像分割，根據指紋紋線間距均勻且局部平行的特點，建立了用於指紋圖像增強的gabor濾波函數物理模型，並將二維gabor濾波分解為兩次一維濾波，有效降低了演算法的復雜度。In chapter one, we propose a new mixed method called characteristics mixed finite element method for a convection - dominated diffusion problems with small parameter e : we handle the convection part whth backward difference scheme along the characteristics, obtain much smaller time - trunction errors and avoid numerical dispersion on the front of the peak curve of the flow : we use a lowest order mixed finite element method to deal with the diffusion part, so this scheme can approximate the unknow function and its following vector with high accuracy at the same time
第一章中我們對小參數對流占優擴散問題提出了新的數值方法? ?特徵混合有限元方法，即對方程的對流部分採用沿特徵線的後退差分格式求解，以保證較小的截斷誤差限並避免了在流動的鋒線前沿數值彌散現象的出現；對流動的擴散部分採用最低次混合元方法求解，以保證格式對未知函數及伴隨向量的同時高精度逼近。由於該方法中檢驗函數可取分片常數，此格式在某種意義上具有局部守恆性質。After analyzing the existing ambiguity resolution methods the dissertation investigates the baseline rotation method based on the antenna - swap idea, and develops the fixed axis rotation maximum - minimum method ? farmm and the equivalent rotation maximum - minimum method ? ermm applicable for static basement and moving vehicle respectively. the former lowers the demands on rotation device while the latter improves the flexibility of antennae installation. meanwhile the dissertation also brings forward an ambiguity function search method which needs only one single epoch data with the outer aided information, and investigates the accuracy requirements for the assistant pointing information
其次，通過與gps等多星系統定向關鍵技術的對比分析，指出雙星定向模糊度確定的難度;在分析現有模糊度求解方法的基礎之上，研究了基於交換天線思想的轉動基線模糊度確定方法，並提出了適合於靜基座的定軸轉動極大/極小值farmm法，以及適合於地面運動載體的等效轉動極大/極小值ermm法，前者降低了對轉動機構的要求，後者則提高了天線安裝的靈活性;同時，提出了一種藉助外部輔助信息的模糊度函數搜索法實現單歷元雙星定向，並分析了對外部輔助單軸姿態信息的精度要求。The characteristic approximation is used to handle the convection part along the direc - tion of fluid namely characteristic direction to ensure the high stability of the method in approximating the sharp fronts and reduce the numerical diffusion ; the mixed finite element spatial approximation is employed to deal with diffusion part and approximate the scalar unknown and the adjoint vector function optimally and simultaneously ; in order to preserve the integral conservation of the method, we introduce the modified characteristic method
該方法對方程的對流部分沿流體流動的方向即特徵方向離散以保證格式在流動的鋒線前沿逼近的高穩定性，消除數值彌散現象；對方程的擴散部分採用最低次混合有限元方法離散、同時以高精度逼近未知函數及未知函數的梯度；為保證方法的整體守恆性，在格式中引入修正項分享友人