次原子化學 的英文怎麼說

中文拼音 [cìyuánzihuàxué]
次原子化學 英文
subatomic chemistry
  • 次 : Ⅰ名詞1 （次序; 等第） order; sequence 2 [書面語] （出外遠行時停留的處所） stopping place on a jou...
  • 原 : Ⅰ形容詞1 （最初的; 原來的） primary; original; former 2 （沒有加工的） unprocessed; raw Ⅱ動詞（原...
  • 子 : 子Ⅰ名詞1 （兒子） son 2 （人的通稱） person 3 （古代特指有學問的男人） ancient title of respect f...
  • 學 : Ⅰ動詞1 （學習） study; learn 2 （模仿） imitate; mimic Ⅱ名詞1 （學問） learning; knowledge 2 （學...
  1. Using cd, cu, zn and cr as experimental toxicants and crucian as experimental creature, we employed the environmental biotechniques ( flame atomic absorption spectrophotometry, the method of improved pyrogallol autoxidation and electron microscopy ) to study the acute toxicity and secure concentrations of heavy metals to crucian ; the accumulation and distribution of mixed heavy metals to fingling crucian ; the activities of superoxide dismutase ( sod ) of gill and liver tissues and the hispathological and ultrastructural change of superfine structure of liver and kidney of crucian after cadmium exposure. through which, we intended to fully and systemically study the toxic influence of heavy metals to fish, and preliminarily discuss the influence of heavy metals pollution to the diversified level of fish such as individual, organ, tissue, cell and molecule. thus we tried to provide scientific evidence to establish preventative management measures, avoid and relieve the harm of heavy metals pollution to aquicolous ecosystem in time

    隨后以這幾種重金屬作為實驗毒物，以鯽魚為實驗動物，應用環境生物技術、火焰原子吸收分光光度法、鄰苯三酚自氧化法、透射電鏡等技術研究了重金屬cu 、 zn 、 cd和cr對鯽魚的急性毒性及其安全濃度評價、混合重金屬在鯽魚幼體組織內的積累和分佈、 cd對鯽魚鰓和肝臟中sod活性的影響、 cd對鯽魚肝細胞和腎細胞超微結構的影響等，全面和系統地研究了水環境中重金屬暴露對魚類的毒性影響，初步探討了重金屬污染對魚類的個體? ?器官? ?組織? ?細胞? ?分子等各水平層次的影響，為制定漁業生產上預防性的管理措施提供科學依據，及時避免或減輕重金屬污染對水生生態系統造成的損害。
  2. The mechanism of the downburst formation was also investigated based on the cloud microphysics of the simulated storm and it was found that this downburst was primarily produced by hail loading, and enhanced by hail melting and rain evaporation. and the loading and the melting of hail played a very important role in producing the downburst. the gale at the surface was caused by the severe downburst

    從雲微物理學角度分析了此次局地性大風的形成原因，認為由高空冰雹粒子的拖曳產生的負浮力作用是促發強下沉氣流產生的主要原因，其次是冰雹的融化和雨水蒸發冷卻對下沉氣流起加速作用，冰雹的拖曳和融化作用對下沉氣流具有決定性的作用。
  3. We synthetically discussed intraspecific differentiation and evolution, from four biotic levels of population, individual, cell and gene. intraspecific differentiations in morphology were investigated firstly. the results indicated that there are varied polymorphsim within populations, and obvious polytypism among populations

    本文在形態分類的基礎上，根據居群生物學的原理和方法，對淡黃花百合的形態學、細胞學、分子生物學進行了研究，從居群、個體、細胞和基因四個層次綜合探討了該種植物的種內分化與進化。
  4. The " allowed " electric dipole ( el ) transitions will encounter strong competition from " forbidden " transitions, i. e. magnetic dipole ( ml ), electric quadruple ( e2 ) and other higher order transitions, the transitions rates for the forbidden decay scale with higher powers of z than those of el transitions, the effects of quantum electrodynamics ( qed ) also scale with higher power of z. accelerator - based beam - foil spectroscopy ( bfs ) is an important method for spectroscopic studies of highly ionized atoms

    在高離化態原子中，磁相互作用明顯增強， 「允許的」電偶極（ e1 ）躍遷將遭到來自磁偶極（ m1 ） 、電四極矩（ e2 ）和其它高次的「禁戒」躍遷的強烈競爭，禁戒躍遷幾率隨核電荷數z增加而迅速增加，此外量子電動力學效應也隨著z增加而增強。
  5. Least sweep voltammetry method was employed to study h2po2 - anodic oxidation and ni2 + cathodic reduction in electroless nickel plating solutions containing different complexing agents

    運用線性電位掃描法，研究了含有不同絡合劑的化學鍍鎳溶液中鎳離子陰極還原行為和次磷酸鹽陽極氧化行為。
  6. Its oxygen - sensitivity is related to its oxidation and reduction process and non - stoichiometric ratio. in la _ 2nio _ 4 + system with excess oxygen, the conductivity is in proportion to o21 / 6. the effect of doping on a and b site have been studied in this paper

    其本身的氧化還原過程和非化學計量是其氧敏性的根源，在氧過剩的la _ 2nio _ 4 +系統中載流子濃度與氧分壓的1 / 6次方成正比。
  7. The electrochemical impedance spectroscopy of nickel electrodeposition indicates that nickel electrodeposition occurs in two steps, the medium frequency inductive loop is ascribed to the relaxation of the electrode coverage by an adsorbed intermediate such as niohads, the low frequency capacitive loop may be due to the inhibition of nickel electrodeposition by adsorbed hydrogen. the mechanism and equivalent circuit of nickel electrodeposition were proposed on the basis of the analysis of electrochemical impedance spectroscopy

    不銹鋼電極上電積鎳的電化學阻抗行為表明氨絡合物體系鎳電沉積過程是二次放電過程，中頻感抗弧是由於中間吸附產物nioh _ （ ads ）的弛豫現象引起，低頻容抗弧可能是由於吸附氫原子對鎳結晶的阻滯作用引起，依據實驗結果提出了氨絡合物體系鎳電沉積的反應機理和等效電路模型。
  8. The primary primordial germ cells is obtain from the human embryos after 4 - 8 weeks of pregnancy. after mechanical desection and enzymic digestion, the cells were cultured on mouse embryonic flbroblast or human embryonic flbroblast feeder layer inactivated by mitomycin. the medium contains several cytokines : lif ( leukemia inhibitory factor ), bfgf and foskolin

    從4 ? 8周的流產胎兒的原始生殖嵴部位分離到原始生殖細胞，經過機械和化學方法的解離后培養於事先用絲裂黴素處理過的小鼠胚胎成纖維細胞或人胚胎成纖維細胞飼養層上，培養基中添加了lif ， bfgef ， foskolin等細胞因子，此後大約每7天左右傳代一次。
  9. Surface chemical analysis - secondary ion mass spectrometry - determination of boron atomic concentration in silicon using uniformly doped materials

    表面化學分析.次級離子質譜法.利用均勻摻雜材料測定硅中硼原子濃度
  10. Using the microwave selective heating property for materials, by setup equivalent equation, and first time inducing the electromagnetic field perturbation theory to the design of heating materials for substrate in mpcvd, three temperature distribution modes were established, including temperature distribution comprehensive mode of inhomogeneous plasma, temperature distribution composite mode of composite substrate materials, temperature distribution perturbation mode of composite materials, which ii provided an whole new technology route to the design of substrate heating system in mpcvd and guided the preparation of heating materials for substrate. and then the heating materials for substrate were designed and optimized to obtain large area homogeneous temperature distribution even larger than substrate holder ' s diameter. as an important part, this thesis researched the nucleation and growth of diamond films in mpcvd, systematically researched the effects of substrate pretreatment, methane concentration, deposition pressure and substrate temperature etc experimental technologic parameters on diamond films " quality on ( 100 ) single crystal silicon substrate in the process of mpcvd, characterized the films qualities in laser raman spectra ( raman ), x - ray diffraction ( xrd ), scanning electron microscopy ( sem ), infrared transmission spectra ( ir ), atomic force microscopy ( afm ), determined the optimum parameters for mpcvd high quality diamond in the mpcvd - 4 mode system

    該系統可通過沉積參數的精確控制，以控制沉積過程，減少金剛石膜生長過程中的缺陷，並採用光纖光譜儀檢測分析等離子體的可見光光譜以監測微波等離體化學氣相沉積過程；利用微波對材料的選擇加熱特性，通過構造等效方程，並首次將電磁場攝動理論引入到mpcvd的基片加熱材料的設計中，建立了非均勻等離子體溫度場綜合模型、復合介質基片材料的復合溫度場模型及復合介質材料溫度場攝動模型，為mpcvd的基片加熱系統設計提供了一條全新的技術路線以指導基片加熱材料的制備，並對基片加熱材料進行了設計和優選，以獲取大面積均勻的溫度場區，甚至獲得大於基片臺尺寸的均勻溫度區；作為研究重點之一，開展了微波等離體化學氣相沉積金剛石的成核與生長研究，系統地研究了在（ 100 ）單晶硅基片上mpcvd沉積金剛石膜的實驗過程中，基片預處理、甲烷濃度、沉積氣壓、基體溫度等不同實驗工藝參數對金剛石薄膜質量的影響，分別用raman光譜、 x射線衍射（ xrd ） 、掃描電鏡（ sem ） 、紅外透射光譜（ ir ） 、原子力顯微鏡（ afm ）對薄膜進行了表徵，確立了該系統上mpcvd金剛石膜的最佳的實驗工藝參數。
  11. Fluorescein and porphyrin have been linked by an alkyl chain, and been firstly used as a fluorescence carrier of opto - chemical sensors. based on the principle of energy transfer, it examined the iodine in the aqueous solution with high sensitivity and wide detection range

    通過脂肪鏈把熒光素和卟啉連接起來，並首次把它作為熒光載體應用於光化學傳感器的研製，基於分子內能量轉移原理檢測了水溶液中的單質碘，該傳感器靈敏度高，檢測范圍寬。
  12. Instead, this view defines training load as information, on which it has exceeded the traditional view. the value of this advantage lies in several aspects : first, it serves as a theoretical guidance leading the study of sports training science from the surface level to a deepened level approaching to its essence just like the understanding of substance is advancing from molecular level to atomic level. secondly, it will lead the study of training load to unity and accuracy in practice

    這種觀點超越了利用其屬性進行定義的階段，其意義是：首先它將在理論上引導運動訓練學的研究從「表面化」 （注：不是貶義，僅相對而言）走向「深入化」 ，這好比對物質的認識從分子水平走向原子水平一樣，更加接近其本質的東西；其次，它將在實踐中引導人們對運動負荷的研究走向統一和精確。
  13. The paper can be divided into four chapters : the first chapter introduced the background for app to carry on green marketing. in the first part, it expounded the theoretical basis for green marketing, including the emergence of green marketing concept, the details, characteristics and necessity for enterprises to develop green marketing ; in the second part, it presented the development background of app and its contribution in introducing green papermaking into china ; in the third part, it elaborated the strategic significance of green marketing for app, i. e. not only meeting the demand of enterprises ’ long - term development but also the demand of social development ; in the fourth part, it discussed the choice of app to invest in market and analyzed china ’ s market structure, raw material structure, development bottleneck and market opportunity of top - level paper

    再次，根據金光紙業的實際情況及綠色營銷的相關理論指導，對金光紙業開展綠色營銷提出了相關建議，包括:綠色產品研發、清潔生產、綠色產品推廣、綠色品牌的實施計劃等一套完整的綠色紙業計劃;通過產品線全面策略、專業化策略、延伸策略等進行綠色紙業產品組合策略實施並按照管理學上的「 5r 」操作原則實行全面管理和渠道管理;通過對各綠色營銷子系統的協調控制，以期達到綠色營銷整體績效最優;最後對金光紙業各品牌進行全面整合，使品牌資源累計共享，提高在市場上的競爭力。
  14. Second, emphases were put on set authentication research, an architecture of set authentication was proposed to expound the intelligent architecture design theory fitting with layered model. then, with displaying the protocol model, the process control principle was analysed, and more attention was taken to discuss the mathematic model of rsa algorithm and integration of various model methods, to give the component model based on main - program / sub - process architecture family and formalized description. next, by establishing the usercase model, activity model, object structure model and sequence model in order, and based on the data model, a lot of measure were taken to optimize these models. finally, the main framework of set authentication in acme template was given, with the java implement and aop implement for typical applications together

    然後重點對set認證的領域模型進行了研究與分析，提出set認證的領域框架，闡述了與層次模型相適應的智能軟體構架設計思想;進而提出set認證的協議模型，分析其過程式控制制原理，並且進一步探討了rsa安全演算法的數學模型和多種建模機制的綜合應用，給出基於主程序/子過程體系結構風格和形式描述的構件模型。在依次建立set認證的用例模型、活動模型、對象結構模型、順序模型的基礎之上，分析得到了系統的數據模型，然後使用多種手段對模型進行優化。最後給出了set認證系統主要框架的acme描述，以及set認證系統中的典型應用的java實現和面向方面實現。
  15. This part emphasizes the synthesis of nanoarrays, aiming at controlling the size and distance of nanocrystallites using calixarene derivatives by altering the size, length and chemical structure of the organic molecules ; 2. this part emphasizes in situ synthesis strategy for fabrication of polymer network of zns based nanopowder, aiming at size controls, coating and preventing agglomeration following " one - pot " synthesis ; this method fits to low cost, large scale production ; 3. according to development in zno nanomaterials, we first report on the synthesis, characterization of amorphous zno, aiming at describing the principles and approaches of synthesis techniques, optical properties, spatial structure and doped effect ; the amorphous zno displays cage - like structure, showing a strong ultraviolet emission while the visible emission is nearly fully quenched, a potential uv - emission material ; 4

    本論文以量子結構自組裝為出發點，提出利用杯芳烴及其衍生物的化學受限反應實現尺寸可調半導體納米粒子自組裝；提出有機聚合網路原位組裝zns基納米熒光粉方法，把熒光粉的納米化、包敷、防團聚在「一鍋」反應中完成，適于低成本，批量生產；根據當前zno的研究情況，我們首次合成了非晶zno ，研究了它的光學性質，確定了它的結構，並對其摻雜進行了初步的研究，非晶zno表現出強的深紫外發光特性，而可見發射非常弱，是一種有巨大潛在應用價值的深紫外發光材料；利用非晶zno的亞穩特性，對晶化過程中非晶zno納米晶zno三維受限量子結構特性，界面特性進行了深入的研究；利用固相熱分解一般受擴散控制特性，實現了尺寸可控的zno三維量子結構的自組裝；利用非晶zno的高度分散性，容易均勻成膜特性，實現了非晶籽晶誘導低溫液相外延自組裝生長高取向zno晶體薄膜。
  16. On the basis of summarizing the common principle and method of selection of system structure and setting function and means of implementation, we research mainly on such subjects as follows : firstly, we studied the implementation of text extraction and digital signature by cad secondary development technology combine with database technique. secondly, based on method for pre - processing scanning images of drawings, finally, the application of artificial neural network in engineering drawing sign character recognition was researched. in this thesis, we presented the building model and implementation method has some references to the designing work of similar system

    在論述系統結構選取、功能構建以及實現技術的一般原理和方法的基礎上，進行了以下幾個方面的研究：首先研究了cad二次開發技術同數據庫技術相結合實現系統圖紙文本信息西安理工大學碩士學位論文提取和電子會簽功能，然後研究了掃描圖紙的圖像處理技術，為圖紙的矢量化和智能識別提供圖形表達準確、圖形要素和字元要素分離的數據源，最後研究了人} _神經網路技術在} _程圖紙標識字元識別中的應用。
  17. Surface chemical analysis - secondary - ion mass spectrometry - determination of boron atomic concentration in silicon using uniformly doped materials

    表面化學分析.次級離子質光譜測定法.採用均勻塗料的硅中硼原子濃度測定
  18. Clusters are the aggregates of a few to thousands atoms or molecules or ions their properties are neither like those for individual atoms nor the corresponding bulk and therefore clusters are named " the fifth state of the matter ". during the development of cluster science, many concepts and methods have been introduced from nuclear physics, condense matter physics and quantum chemistry, cluster science has became an new interdisciplinary field between atomic - molecular physics and condensed matter physics

    團簇（ clusters ）是由2 104個原子、分子或離子通過物理或化學結合力組成的相對穩定的微觀和亞微觀聚集體，它的空間尺度在幾a至幾百a范圍內，被人們看作是介於原子分子和宏觀固體之間物質結構的新層次，並稱之為物質的「第五態」 。
  19. This paper gives a historical perspective about the past developments of physics in order to understand its present status and furthermore to glimpse its future prospects. we hope that this view may be helpful for those who are engaged in teaching and research in physics. from the stratification of the physical world, it is shown that there is coupling as well as decoupling between different strata, so that complex systems composed of an enormous number of particles will show properties which can not be simply reduced to laws governing individual particles. from this viewpoint, the frontiers of research in physics are discussed in relation to its future prospects. a bright future is anticipated for physics

    文章試圖對物理學的發展歷史作一透視，從而理解其現狀，並進而窺測其未來的前景.我們希望這一看法對于當今從事物理學教學與科研的人士有所助益.由於物理世界的層次化，諸層次之間既可能存在耦合，又可能出現脫耦.因而大量粒子所構成的復雜體系中所涌現的各種層展性質就不能簡單地還原成個別粒子所服從的規律.我們根據這一觀點並結合物理學的未來前景，討論了當今物理學研究的若干前沿問題.一切跡象預示著物理學將有光明的前景
  20. Thirdly, with the view of systems science, it explains the character, structure and gradation of the system of educational modernization with the related principle of it and makes the central position of educational research modernization be definite in educational modernization according to analysing the relation of educational modernization and educational research modernization

    再次，以系統科學為視角，遵循其相關原理，對教育現代化系統的特性、結構及層次進行解說；並通過對教育現代化和教育研究現代化靜態關系的分析，明確作為子系統的教育研究現代化在教育現代化中的中心地位。
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