正常數量變化 的英文怎麼說
中文拼音 [zhēngchángshǔliángbiànhuà]
正常數量變化
英文
normal variation in quantity-
Second, the starting and stopping behaviors under disturbed condition are analyzed and calculated by using the dynamic concentrative parameter model, which gives some advice to better prescribe refrigeration system and set theoretic foundation for carrying out automatic control of refrigeration system. third, the normal running process is analyzed and calculated by means of rational matching theory, which gives some advice on how to better understand the parameter change under steady state and the affection of inlet - parameter on evaporator. fourth, the simulation software with dynamic characteristic is designed, which can be applied to calculate thernio - parameter of cryogen, air humidity and frost thickness under different initial and boundary conditions, and to carry out dynamic simulation under conditions of dryness, wetness and frostiness, at the same time, to achieve detection and simulation at any stage from starting to stopping
本文的主要內容如下： 1 ）對翅片管蒸發器結構特點進行分析，選取適當的微元控制體，就干、濕和霜工況下對每個微元分別進行傳熱傳質分析，基於經驗關系式確定霜的有關參數，對于霜工況下的霜生長建立模型，經適當假設，運用質量守恆、能量守恆和動量守恆方程建立適合動態模擬的蒸發器數學模型，為系統模擬奠定基礎； 2 ）對蒸發在大擾動下的開、停機過程，運用動態集中參數模型進行分析和計算，為更好地描述製冷系統運行的全過程奠定基礎，同時也為製冷系統實現自動控制提供一定的理論基礎； 3 ）對蒸發器正常運行過程，運用動態分佈參數和參數間定量耦合的觀點來分析和計算，為更好地了解穩態工況下各點參數的變化情況及各入口參數對蒸發器動態特性的影響即蒸發器性能對各參數變化的敏感性； 4 ）編寫翅片管蒸發器動態特性模擬計算程序，可以計算不同邊界條件和初始條件下的製冷劑熱力參數、空氣溫濕度和霜厚度分佈場，實現對翅片管蒸發器在干、濕和霜工況下的動態模擬。On the base of i. acidophilus strains pb1 mixed with enterococcus strains m1, pb2, a30, a31, bifidobacteria pba and inf were added in the culture. the results suggested pba and inf were limited on the co - cultures, its indicated that pba and inf grew badly with other probiotics in vitro each mice were given 0. 5ml fermentative liquor of probiotics strains pbl + a30, pba, pb1, m1, pb1 + m1, pb1 + a30 for one month
將幾株體外性狀好的菌株pba 、 pb1 、 m1 、 pb1 + m1 、 pb1 + a30 ，每天以0 . 5ml每隻發酵液的量灌胃給正常小白鼠，時間30天，測定小鼠免疫器官指數和血清中細胞因子的變化，並觀察小鼠脾臟的變化。Backed up by the soplat theory based on particle kinematics, the second chapter of this paper presents with analysis and simulation of several single observer passive measurement models, which uses such relative movement parameters as bearings changing rates and centrifugal acceleration information on the basis of bearings measurements. in the third chapter, the observability of location respectively using bearings and its changing rates information and centrifugal acceleration information is analyzed, and its observable condition is got. the fourth chapter puts forward the modified covariance extended kalman filtering ( mvekf ) against the defect of traditional extended kalman filtering ( ekf ), whose performance is simultaneously compared in the chapter with the performance of ususal tracking algorithm such as ekf, mgekf, iekf by computer simulation
在近年來提出的基於質點運動學原理的單站無源定位理論基礎上，本文第二章提出了幾種在角度測量的基礎上增加角度變化率及相對運動的離心加速度等運動學參數的單站無源測量模型，並對它們進行了分析和模擬；第三章分別對利用角度及其變化率信息定位和利用離心加速度信息定位的可觀測性進行分析並得到了相應的可觀測條件；第四章針對傳統擴展卡爾曼（ ekf ）方法的缺點，提出了一種修正協方差的擴展卡爾曼濾波（ mvefk ）方法，並將其和ekf 、 mgekf 、 iekf等常用的單站無源定位濾波方法進行了性能模擬比較；第五章通過引入雷達機動目標跟蹤方法和模型，提出了利用角度及其變化率對機動輻射源跟蹤的多級噪聲自適應方法和imm方法；第六章主要對角度變化率和離心加速度參數的獲取技術進行了研究，提出了幾種高精度測量脈沖序列多普勒頻率變化率的方法。Furthermore, these ics span the characteristic space of normal operating condition ( noc ), and the changes of coefficients matrix are monitored which are obtained by projection of process variables onto the space of noc
進一步地，這些獨立成分構成了正常工況的特徵空間，過程變量在該空間上投影系數矩陣的變化被作為監控指標。The collapsible loess is often met during the construction of the high - grade highway in the loess area, and the main failure is the uneven subsidence of the roadbed and the culvert, which affects the safe usage of the roadbed and the culvert, etc. directed against this, based on the chankou - lanzhou freeway construction, the paper analyzes the application of the composite ground formed by lime - soil pile under the bridge and designs the project, discusses the rules of the contact pressure, the stress ratio of the pile and the soil, compares the p - s curves of one pile, the composite ground formed by one pile and the composite ground formed by two piles based on the in - situ plate loading test, evaluates the bearing capacity of the composite ground of the project
黃土地區的高等級公路建設中經常遇到濕陷性黃土問題，其病害類型主要是地基土受水浸濕后引起路基、橋臺、涵洞等的不均勻沉降，直接影響路基、構造物等的正常使用。針對此問題，本文依託甘肅讒口至蘭州柳溝河高速公路建設工程，對橋基灰土樁復合地基應用的可行性進行了深入分析，根據具體工程進行了合理的設計與計算，並配合現場靜載荷試驗及壓力盒實測數據，探討了基底應力分佈規律，樁土應力比，變形模量的變化關系，對比分析了單樁、單樁復合和雙樁復合的p ? s關系，對橋基灰土樁復合地基承載力進行了整體評價。Methods cerebral blood flows were simulated on hemodynamics models of cerebral blood on condition of normal and stroke with practical measured normal carotid blood pressure pre - ecp and during ecp
方法將實際測量的正常的頸動脈血壓和進行體外反搏時的頸動脈血壓作用於正常情況下和缺血情況下腦血流動力學數學模型，模擬上述情況下腦動脈血流的變化。The present studies aimed to find the responses of neurons and glias in the target and other brain areas of the linear accelerator - irradiated rats. in the first experiment, time - dependent neurons changes in the brain after hemispheric irradiation at an single - fraction maximal dose of 20 gy were observed by investigating the expression of an immediate early gene, fos protein. the results shown : compared with that of the un - radiated rats, the expression of fos protein in the irradiated brain decreased distinctly 24 hours and 1 week after irradiation
首先，利用即刻早期基因fos的表達，做了同一照射劑量（ 20gy ）照射大鼠半腦后不同存活期間（ 1d ， 7d ， 14d ， 2ld ， 28d ）大鼠全腦神經元動態變化的觀察，發現：受照射后1d 、 7d大鼠腦內各部位fos蛋白表達均明顯減少，隨著時間的延長，其fos免疫反應性細胞數量逐漸增加，照射后28d ，延髓、第四軍醫大學碩士學位論文腦橋內hs免疫陽性細胞數量恢復並超過正常對照組水平，但中腦、間腦及端腦內未恢復到正常對照組水平。Methods 50 wistar rats were sensitized by ovalbumin as animal model of ar and randomly divided into 5 groups : model group, ketotifen fumarate group, xinqin granules group, low - dose minkang tablet group, and high - dose minkang tablet group, another 10 healthy rats in normal group
方法除正常組外，其餘大鼠用卵清蛋白造成變應性鼻炎模型，隨機分為模型組、西藥對照組（酮替芬組） 、中藥對照組（辛芩沖劑組） 、敏康片小劑量組、敏康片大劑量組；用藥1周后觀察大鼠一般情況及鼻黏膜肥大細胞數、脫顆粒細胞數、血漿組胺的變化。Our results provided direct evidence that pf40 gene play a role in the tissue development, with knockout this gene the lateral buds were not visible. the plant hormones auxin and cytokinin appear to play a major role in controlling this process, therefore, the concertrition of auxin and cytokinin was measured, however, the concentration of the two hormone was variation a little in transgenic plants, but the ratio of the two was more than 5 fold in the pf40 gained function plant than that in wild type. furthermore the pf40 gene effected differentiation of the vascular bundles in different transgenic plants, results showed the pf40 could change both xylary fibers and vessel
進一步的實驗發現pf40基因會影響植物側芽發育的早期，即pf40基因作用在側芽形成與發育的早期。對轉基因穀子的組織切片的分析還表明pf40基因引起不同形式的轉基因穀子的維管組織的發育的差異，轉化正義載體穀子的木質部變多，維管系統增多，而反義或干擾的轉基因穀子的木質部數量變少，木質部分化異常。從轉基因的結果可見pf40基因可以減弱植物的頂端優勢，這種作用是通過改變植物體內激素的含量實現的。In general, oot stability data can be described as a result or sequences of results that are within specification limits but are unexpected, given the typical analytical and sampling variation and a measured characteristic ' s normal change over time ( e. g., an increase in degradation product on stability )
通常， oot穩定性數據是指在給定典型分析和取樣變化，以及標準特性隨時間正常變化的情況下，產生的在質量規格限度內，但是超出預期期望的一個結果或一系列結果（比如穩定性降解產物的增加） 。According to the raman selection rule and the pl measurement, it is reasonable to evaluate the quality of galnp / algalnp mqw by analyzing the relative intensity ratio of a1p - lo / to. ( 4 ) a new modified random element isodisplacement ( mrei ) model is set up to calculate the dependence between the long - wavelength optical phonon frequencies and the composition of iii - v - type ab1 - xcx mixed crystals. the second neighbor force constants are still assumed to be a linear variation with the composition, but the two first neighbor force constants can be evaluated to be a negative exponent variation with the composition, using the overlapped repulsive potential of the ion crystal combination
通過實驗我們找到了在這些結構參數上生產gainp algainpmqw的較理想的結果； （ 3 ）首次用喇曼（ raman ）散射方法研究了常溫下的gainp algainp多量子阱結構，除了指認出喇曼光譜中各光學聲子模外，還結合樣品光致發光譜的測量結果，分析發現喇曼光譜中alp - lo to的相對強度比可以在一定程度上評定晶體gainp algainpmqw的生長質量； （ 4 ）在修正的隨機元素等位移? mrei模型的基礎上建立了一個新模型，計算了ab _ （ 1 - x ） c _ x型?族半導體混晶的長波長光學聲子模頻率的組分變化關系。As to the video signal, alarm signal, control signal, are all weak electricity signal, exceedingly easily be subjected to the jam, in case the power supply system does not steady, wave propag ation is greatly, the harmonic content of power source overtops, the veins wave factors are great unduly, and even power source equipment breakdown, outputting abnormal, will be about to affect the video signal image effect, and dependability cuts downs to the security and alarming system. we adopt fast fu lye ' s mutation rule - fft alternatives, by the way of carrying fft alternatives to the local junction circuit, regulated power supply, ups ' s power source, and switch power source, thereby diagnose every degree harmonious wave content of power souse, and abnormal coefficient, compared to the normal working situation. thereby diagnose out the working condition of the regulated power supply, ups ' s power source, and switch power source
如果有供電系統不穩定、波動大，電源的諧波含量過高，紋波系數過大，乃至電源設備損壞、輸出異常等情況出現，將會嚴重影響視頻信號的圖像效果，大大降低防盜系統的穩定性和可靠性，我們採用快速傅利葉變換原理，即fft變換，通過對市電、穩壓電源、 ups電源、開關電源等的電壓信號進行fft變換，從而得出信號中各次諧波的含量及信號畸變系數，並將其與正常工況下的參數進行對比，從而進一步診斷出穩壓電源、 ups電源、開關電源等設備的運行狀況；組成監控系統的設備長期處于工作狀態，往往由於設備散熱條件不好、設備老化故障等原因導致設備表面溫度過高，從而影響設備的正常運行，降低設備的使用壽命。The demonstration of heat - transfer measuring techniques and prospect of infrared thermal mapping techniques, main parts and performance indexes of a infrared camera, functional blocks and implementation of infrared processing software, experimental facility and measuring system of the wind tunnel has been made. the model emittance was experimentally determined and the three methods correcting directional emittance were compared. those problems of the infinite - slab model thickness and constant wall heat rates hypothesis, the determination of adiabatic wall temperature were discussed in a 1 - d heat conduction analysis
本文對紅外熱圖測熱技術與應用前景、紅外熱像儀主要部件與性能指標、紅外測熱數據處理軟體功能模塊與實現、風洞試驗設備與測量系統等進行了論述，測量了模型表面發射率並對發射率隨極角變化的三種修正方法進行了對比，對一維熱傳導分析中模型壁厚半無限假設、壁面熱流定常假設、絕熱壁溫選取等進行了探討。According to the dirac constrain theory and the extended condition, we deduce the gauge generators, show the brst transformation of ( 1 + 1 ) dimension o ( 3 ) non - linear model under the new general condition. we first gain the new general commutation relations of ghost field, deduce the brst charge from gauge generator, complete the general brst quantization of the model, get green function, connecting green function and generating functional, gain three kinds of ward identities. at last, we complete the brst quantization of o ( 3 ) non - linear model with topological term in ( 1 + 1 ) dimensions space - time
最後依據dirac約束規范理論和推廣的條件，導出了規范生成元，推導出了1 + 1維o （ 3 ）非線性模型的新的一般條件下的brst變換，給出了其brst變換與dirac規范變換的等價性，首次得到了鬼場的一般對易關系，且其一般參數為零時就回到通常的鬼場的對易關系，第一次由規范生成元導出了brst荷，進而完成了此模型的一般的brst量子化，並在此基礎上進一步導出了此系統的green函數、連通green函數生成泛函和正規頂角生成泛函，獲得了三種不同的ward恆等式。Unlike women, who are born with finite number of eggs, men who continually produce sperms, but their sperm counts keep dramatically arying between normal and as little as no sperm at all during a bout of flue
女性生下來就只有有限數的卵子，而男性可以不斷產生精子，但是精子數量卻發生很顯著的變化：正常、少精甚至無精。Acceding to the theory of crop water requirement, maximum potential evapotranspirations are calculated by applying fao penman - monteith method, and then we obtain the water requirement, water balance and water correction factors ect. of main crops ( spring maize, summer maize, spring wheat, winter wheat, cotton ) and different type grasslands, and the space - time distribution regularities of water requirement of cropland and natural grassland are analysed, the result show : the water requirements of same kind crop in different areas are different, water satified degrees are different to different crops in the same area, and water requirement of same crop are different between years for climatic variation ; the water requirements of main crops are increasing from east to west and from south to north, water satified degrees are decreasing from east to west and from south to north. in growing season, there are deficits in crops water supply in most area, so the irrigation is needed to meet the requirement for crop growing normally
根據作物需水的理論和方法，採用計算精度較高的faopenman - monteith方法（ 1998 ）計算了半乾旱區最大可能蒸散，並基於此計算五種主要旱地作物（春玉米、夏玉米、春小麥、冬小麥、棉花）和不同類型的天然草地的需水量、水分盈虧、水分訂正系數等，分析了農田和天然草地水分供需的時空分佈規律，結果表明：不同地區同一種作物的需水量是不同的，同一地區對不同作物的水分滿足程度是不同的，而且同一種作物在同一地區隨著氣候的變化需水量也會有一個年際變化；主要作物需水量由東向西，由南向北遞增，正常生長發育的水分保證程度由東向西，由南向北遞減。( 2 ) because of t he variability of rock subjected to outside action, three new conceptions : postive damage basic damage and negative damage, are suggested, which can deal with the condition that rock density became large. ( 3 ) the present damage variables based on ct number mostly include ct average number of the rock without damage, which is difficult to measure, so a new damage variable, which includes the average ct number is proposed, on the other hand, strain equal theory is generalized because the one put foreword by lemaitre is not good enough to use. ( 4 ) a axial damage constitutive equation is proposed and testified. ( 5 ) with the circle times, the damage propagation laws of two different rocks, subjected to circle of freezing and thawing, are studied, and in the analysis process, traditional analysis method including average ct number and is used, some important conclusions are reached : inner damage of soft rock containing a large mount of apertures is largely propagating with the time increasement of circle, however, at the preliminary time, the hard rock containing a small mount of aperture is a little propagating, at late time, the influence become large ; ( 6 ) zone separation and statistics frequency put forward is used to analysized the three different damage propagation in the open circumstance, when they are subjected to the different circle times of freezing and thawing, in which the temperature variability is linear, different freezing rate, and different freezing temperature, and no water is supplied during the test
在研究過程中本文主要做了以下工作： （ 1 ）針對巖石損傷變化較小時，運用ct均值和方差分析不方便的缺陷，本文提出運用對ct數范圍劃分區段的方法，根據各區段統計頻率的變化規律來分析損傷擴展狀況； （ 2 ）針對巖石受到外部作用的多變性，本文提出了基準損傷，正損傷，負損傷的概念，在某種程度上考慮了巖石受到外部作用時的壓密情況； （ 3 ）現有的基於ct數的損傷變量大多需要用到巖石基體的ct均值，這實際上是很難觀測到的，因此本文建議了一個可運用巖石初始狀態ct均值的損傷變量，由於現有的勒邁特教授應變等價原理使用上的不便，本文在其基礎上進行了推廣； （ 4 ）建議了一個可用巖石初始狀態ct數和彈性模量的單軸損傷本構方程，並用算例進行了驗證； （ 5 ）對兩種不同巖石在開放環境下受到凍融循環作用且融化過程中補水時，內部損傷隨凍融循環次數增加的擴展規律進行了探討，主要運用了常規的ct均值和ct方差的分析方法進行分析，試驗發現：對于孔隙率和含水率較高，密度和強度較低的軟弱巖石，凍融循環次數對損傷結構的擴展有明顯的影響，而對于孔隙率和含水率較低，密度和強度較高的硬巖，凍融循環次數對其損傷結構擴展初期由於含水率低的原因，影響不是太大，而後期由於水補給后，含水率較高的原因，凍融影響逐漸增大； （ 6 ）運用了本文提出的區段劃分和統計頻率的方法，深入地分析了開放環境下的線性溫度變化的凍融循環次數，凍結溫度，凍結速度不同巖石作用時，其內部損傷隨凍融循環次數，凍結速度和凍結溫度變化的擴展規律，需要指出的是除了在試驗前飽水外，凍融過程中沒有補水。Here is a normal parathyroid gland for comparison. adipose tissue cells are mixed with the parathyroid tissue. the amount of fat varies somewhat
作為對比，圖示正常甲狀旁腺。脂肪細胞與甲狀旁腺組織混在一起。脂肪數量可有一定變化。On the basi s of these results, time - dependent glias changes in the brain were observed with the same model by investigating the expression of s - 100 protein, a specific marker for glias, mainly for astrocytes. our results shown : compared with those of the unradiated rats, the number of s - 100 protein immunoreactive positive glial cells in the brains of the irradiated rats increased gradually. more s - 100 - positive glial cells with multiple long processes and hypertrophic cell bodies were also observed in these areas
在此基礎上，又做了同一照射劑量（ 20gy ）照射大鼠半腦后不同存活期間（ id ， 7d ； 14d ， zld ， 28d ）大鼠全腦s 100動態變化的觀察，發現其規律如下：在上述時間點大鼠腦內各部位卜刁m蛋白免疫反應細胞數量進行性增加，伴有s 100免疫陽性細胞的胞體逐漸增大和交起增多，與正常對照組具有明顯的差異。The sympathetic response is normal, it is not the sympathetic response that expresses that already the pathological change, the weight procedure of the pathological change uses quantization several 0 ~ - 22 express great serious condition of shouldering etc., health the human body quantize number value more in 0 ~ + 22 each other
共鳴則為正常，非共鳴則表示已病變，病變的輕重程序用量化數0 ~ - 22表示，負值越大病情越重，健康人體量化數值多在0 ~ + 22之間。分享友人