比例部分法則 的英文怎麼說

中文拼音 [bǐlìbùfēnfǎzé]
比例部分法則 英文
rule of proportional parts
  • 比 : Ⅰ動詞1 （比較; 較量高下、 長短、距離、好壞等） compare; compete; contrast; match; emulate 2 （比...
  • 部 : Ⅰ名詞1 （部分; 部位） part; section; division; region 2 （部門; 機關或組織單位的名稱） unit; mini...
  • 分 : 分Ⅰ名詞1. （成分） component 2. （職責和權利的限度） what is within one's duty or rights Ⅱ同 「份」Ⅲ動詞[書面語] （料想） judge
  • 法 : Ⅰ名詞1 （由國家制定或認可的行為規則的總稱） law 2 （方法; 方式） way; method; mode; means 3 （標...
  • 則 : Ⅰ名詞1 （規范） standard; norm; criterion 2 （規則） regulation; rule; law 3 （姓氏） a surname Ⅱ...
  • 比例 : 1. （長度上縮小和放大的倍數） scale; scaling 2. （比率） proportion; ratio; proportionality
  • 部分 : （整體中的局部或個體） part; section; portion
  • 法則 : rule; law
  1. The fourth section deals with the sequence of payment among different types of exemption rights. it is argued that different types of exemption rights, based on the security interest of the same quality, the earlier the registration or the effective date of contracts is, the earlier paid ; regarding the exemption rights of different quality, the preconsideration shall be satisfied before other security interests, with lien satisfied before hypothecation or mortgage ; where the lawfully registered hypothecation and mortgage coexist, the sequence of their establishment is the sequence of their payment ; where they are established at the same time, they shall be paid in proportion to the security credits respectively ; where unregistered hypothecation and mortgage coexist, the mortgagee shall be paid first

    第四部分別除權之間的清償順序，文章認為，同一性質的擔保物權構成的別除權之間，原則上按登記或合同生效時間的先後確定清償順序；不同性質的別除權之間，優先權優先於其他擔保物權，留置權優先於抵押權和質權；法定登記的抵押權與質權並存，按照設定的先後順序受償，同時設定者，按照各自擔保的債權比例受償；未經登記的抵押權與質權並存，質權人優先受償。
  2. The basic thought of the csapfba algorithm is : the edge routers perform the state management per flow, and the edge routers differentiate between the marked flows and the non - marked flows, and the edge routers insert the relevant information into the packet header by using dynamic packet state ; the core routers divide the output link bandwidth into two parts in the light of the state information of the packet header by using class - based queueing, and the core routers allocate proportionally the bandwidth to the marked flows according to their service profiles and the current network load, and the core routers allocate the bandwidth to the non - marked flows according to the principle of max - min fairness, and the csapfba algorithm can adaptively dynamically adjust the bandwidth allocation between the marked flows and the non - marked flows

    本文在csfq演算法的基礎上，提出了一種核心無狀態的自適應的成比例公平帶寬分配csapfba （ core - statelessadaptiveproportionalfairbandwidthallocation ）演算法。 csapfba演算法的基本思想是：在邊界路由器完成基於每個流的狀態處理，將所有的流分成標記流和非標記流兩種類型，採用dps技術將有關信息編碼進分組頭；在核心路由器根據分組頭中攜帶的狀態信息採用cbq策略，將輸出鏈路帶寬分成兩部分，對標記流根據當前的網路負荷按照服務規格成比例地分配帶寬，對非標記流按照最大最小公平性原則分配帶寬，並且能自適應地動態調整帶寬分配的比例。
  3. Upon the issue by the company of a share without par value, if an amount is stated in the memorandum to be authorized capital represented by such shares then each share shall be issued for no less than the appropriate proportion of such amount which shall constitue capital, otherwise the consideration in respect of the share constitutes capital to the extent designated by the directors and the excess constitutes surplus, except that the directors must designate as capital an amount of the consideration that is at least equal to the amount that the share is entitled to as preference, if any, in the assests of the company upon liquidation of the company

    公司發行無面值股票后，如果在備忘錄中載明一個金額，該金額為此類股票代表的法定資本，則每隻股票應以不低於構成資本的金額的適當比例發行，否則股票發行的對價以董事指定的金額大小為準構成資本，超額部分則構成盈餘；除非董事必須指定對價的一個金額作為資本，該金額至少應等於公司清算時股票在公司資產中作為優先部分（如果有）的金額。
  4. The structure and framework of this paper set out in the order of burden of proof in marine cargo claim, focusing on the substantial points laid down above which need to be proved. the detailed discussion and analysis keep in line with the questions of " who bear the burden of proof ? when does the burden of proof occur

    第三部分首先是對在海商法方面，對國際航運最具影響的國際公約《海牙規則凡《海牙威斯比規則》及《漢堡規則》下舉證責任問題的分析，比較了《規則》對各項實體事實的條文規定的異同，並通過各國判例的比較，進一步分析各國司法實踐中在適用各個國際公約對案件進行審理時所採的態度之異同。
  5. In the author ' s view, individuals should undertake part of the social securing cost. meanwhile, the author also puts forward some useful means to help find the optimism investment portfolio finally, the essay brings up a series of proposal which are useful to the operation of social securing fund based on the correlated theories and foreign countries " experience in the operation of the social securing fund

    其次，在遵循公平與效率原則下，運用線性回歸模型預測我國社會保障基金的需求量與供給量，並與基金實際收入進行比較，結合我國養老保險、醫療保險現採用的「統賬結合」部分積累基金籌集模式，認為個人應該承擔一定比例的社會保障費用，並且通過資產組合理論為尋找最佳投資組合提供方法。
  6. Millian lynch and morganstanley ), and illustrating the international usual practice, rules and means of this novelty ( especially emphasized its focalization and practice ). reviewing the process of asset management business in china, expounding its current conditions and main questions : eg

    添惠公司為例，闡述了國際通行的資產管理業務運作的慣例、規則與方式，介紹中既突出重點又注重對我國的針對性和實用性;第三部分採用實證分析的方法簡要回顧了我國資產管理業務發展的歷程，說明了發展現狀，比較詳盡地分析了我國券商開展資產管理業務存在的主要問題。
  7. The main work of this paper was as fellows : ( 1 ) generalized the development of pre - stressed steel structure in our nation and abroad, and pointed out the main problem in practice ; ( 2 ) presented the mechanism of pre - stressed steel structure and revealed its applicable range ; ( 3 ) established the optimization design model for pre - stressed steel structure, which accounts for constraints on stresses and displacements of structure ; ( 4 ) brought forward the optimization design method, which combined linear programming and the principle of full restriction, through which we can obtain the magnitude of each time pre - stress and the optimized sections of each members of structure ; ( 5 ) analyzed the best times of pre - stress and pointed out that 2 ~ 3 times is preferable ; ( 6 ) conducted optimization design on large - space steel roof, horizontal parallel steel truss with local cables, horizontal parallel steel truss with global cable, and ultra - static steel truss, the result of which indicated that the multiple pre - stress structure is very economic ; ( 7 ) compared different schemes of cable placement for horizontal parallel steel truss, and the results showed that the local cable only unloaded the second girders, but had no response on the first girders and stomach poles, while global cable could unload the second girders and the stomach poles outside of turning point of cable, thus proving that global cable is more economic than local - cable

    本文的主要工作是：對國內外預應力鋼結構的發展歷史及現狀作了綜述和總結，指出當前預應力鋼結構工程實踐中存在的主要問題；闡述了預應力鋼結構的受力機理，並指出預應力鋼結構的適用范圍和特點；在考慮結構應力和變位約束的條件下，建立預應力鋼結構優化設計模型；提出多次預應力鋼結構優化設計方法和步驟，採用線性規劃和滿約束準則相結合的優化方法，可優化設計出施加的每一級預應力的大小，並得到結構各部分的優化截面；對多次預應力最佳的施加次數作了分析，並建議以2 3次為宜；為驗證文中理論和方法，分別對大跨多次預應力鋼屋架、局部布索的水平平行弦鋼桁架、整體布索的水平平行弦鋼桁架和局部布索的超靜定鋼桁架等算例進行了優化設計，經濟效益明顯；對水平平行弦鋼桁架的幾種施加預應力的方案進行比較，對于局部布索，預應力只對下弦起到卸載作用，對上弦和腹桿基本不起作用；而整體布索預應力除對下弦卸載外，對索折點以外部分腹桿也起到卸載作用，經濟效益好於局部布索。
  8. Section one in this paper brief1y reviews the discussion and the testing practices of the reduction of state - - ho1ding shares since the party ' s congress in september l999, analyses the reason why the government enactment - - - - the regu1atory scheme for co11ecting socia1 security fund by reducing the state - - ho1ding shares ( proyisiona1 ) - - - - fai1s to work, and exp1ains the necessity of re - - solving the prob1em of state - - ho1ding shares and non - - tradab1e shares. in this section some basic solutions and princip1es are proposed on the issues of state - - holding shares and non - - tradab1e shares. section two makes comparative studies and case - - ana1yses of the a1ternative so1utions for the prob1em of state - - ho1ding shares outside the nation, and then sums up the worthy experiences and 1essons

    本文第一部分對1999年9月黨的十五屆四中全會以來國有股減持問題的前期討論與試點實踐進行了簡單的回顧，剖析了《國有股減持籌集社會保障資金暫行管理辦法》運作失敗的原因，並進一步分析了解決國有股及非流通股問題的必要性，歸納了解決問題的市場基本共識及所應遵循的基本原則；第二部分則對境外國有股減持問題的處理方式進行了深入的比較研究和案例分析，從而歸納總結出值得借鑒的經驗和教訓；第三部分在前兩部分的基礎上，提出以協議轉讓補償方案作為解決國有股減持進而非流通股流通問題的主體方案，並對該方案進行了具體設計和實例演示，最後對其綜合評價。
  9. Then, this paper empirically tested the validation and predictive accuracy of different var risk management model in the domestic financial market. finally, with the analysis of modem financial risk management development trend and the current domestic financial risk management situation, this paper made a prospect for the application of this model in the construction of domestic financial risk management system. through the analysis, the main conclusions are as follows : ( l ) the traditional mean - variance model is the special example of the portfolio selection based on the var risk management model for the case that the returns of the portfolio are assumed to be normally distributed ; compared with the mean - variance model, the var risk management model is more comprehensive and accurate in the measurement of the portfolio risk, so based on the var model, the investors can allocate the asset more effectively. ( 2 ) the var risk management model can provide the timely and comprehensive risk information for the top risk manager, so it is very helpful to the improvement of total risk management efficiency. ( 3 ) based on the var model, the raroc performance valuation approach can reflect the real performance of the portfolio manager and provide the coherent standard for the allocation of risk limitation and the construction of the incentive compatibility constraint mechanism in the financial instiutions

    通過研究分析，本文主要得出如下結論： （ 1 ）傳統的markowitz均值? ?方差模型僅僅是在資產組合收益率正態分佈假設條件下基於var風險管理模型進行資產組合選擇的特例，與均值? ?方差模型中的方差風險度量方法相比， var風險管理模型能夠更全面、更貼切地衡量資產組合的風險，且基於此模型能夠更有效地進行資產配置決策； （ 2 ） var風險管理模型能夠滿足更高層次風險管理者對風險信息的需求，有助於整體風險管理效率的提高； （ 3 ）基於var風險管理模型的raroc績效評價能夠反映資產組合管理人的真實業績，從而為金融機構風險限額的分配和激勵約束機制的制定提供統一的標準； （ 4 ）國內證券市場資產組合收益率服從正態分佈的假設明顯不成立，實證檢驗表明基於資產組合收益率正態分佈假設條件下的方差? ?協方差模型對國內資產組合風險的預測存在較大的偏差，由於文中證明在收益率正態分佈假設條件下基於方差? ?協方差模型進行資產組合選擇的結果等價于markowitz的均值? ?方差模型，因此，均值? ?方差模型對國內資產組合風險的預測同樣會存在著較大的偏差，而半參數var風險管理模型則能夠取得較好的預測衡量效果； （ 5 ） var風險管理模型符合未來金融風險管理的發展趨勢，基於var風險管理模型建立內容提要風險限額內控體系、風險信息披露體系和業績評價體系，並進行金融監管，將有助於國內金融機構內部風險管理方法和外部監管技術跟上國際金融風險管理的發展潮流。
  10. The writer thinks : on partnership debts repaying, liabilities and the orders of the repaying, it ' s quite reasonable for chinese law to adopt unlimited jointly and separately liabilities and compensating liabilities ; on repaying orders of partnership company and its partners, there is no related regulations in chinese law, in future legislation, we should insist in double priority principles ; on the proportion of the partnership debts repaying, the importance should be attached to the party ' s agreement and legal proportion as supplementary principles, if there is agreement, the agreement should be abide by, if there is not, the debts should be repaid according to its proportion

    筆者認為：在合夥債務的清償責任、合夥財產和合伙人個人財產清償債務的順序兩個問題上，我國現行立法分別採用無限連帶主義和補充連帶主義十分合理；在清償合夥債務與合伙人個人債務的先後順序問題上，我國現行立法並未規定，未來立法應當採用雙重優先權原則；在合伙人內部債務承擔比例問題上，應當堅持以合伙人約定為主，以法定比例為補充的原則，有約定的，從約定；未約定的，從出資比例。
  11. The third part is the urban planning under the law. it is also divided into three sections : the necessity, means and principle of legal control. it bases on the theory of planning procedure control to bring forward the requirement of constitutionality principle, proportion principle, reliance and protection principle and just procedure principle of urban planning under the law

    第三部分「城市規劃的法律控制」 ，主要從法律控制的必要性、方式、原則三個方面進行闡述，著重論述了規劃程序控制的理論，闡述了城市規劃法律控制的法治原則、比例原則、信賴保護原則和正當程序原則的要求。
  12. In accordance with these basic rules, the article makes a systematic exposition of the specific institutions, which are likely to influence the shareholders " equity by drawing a lesson from the western developed countries. part iii, this part analyzes the historical development of our tender offer law and the status quo of our country that the activities of tender offer are backward and some problems remain unsolved because of the short duration since the establishment of our securities market, the specialization of securities structure of the listed company and the non - negotiability of the national share and legal person share

    本文在闡述要約收購立法的具體制度時主要根據我國現行的證券立法，並參照國外的相關制度分析了: 1 、收購要約的主要條件、發出與生效、變更與撤銷、預受與撤回; 2 、強制要約收購制度; 3 、部分要約收購制度的構成標準及按比例接納原則; 4 、要約收購的法律後果，即要約收購成功和要約收購失敗在法律上引起的權利義務;這四項制度構成要約收購立法的主要內容。
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