氣動熱化學 的英文怎麼說
中文拼音 [qìdòngrèhuàxué]
氣動熱化學
英文
aerothermochemistry-
The paper discusses dynamical conditions of the supercritical ore - forming fluid system based on study of regional geological background and analyses of physiochemical conditions of ore - forming process and puts forth the ore - forming mechanism : upper mantle uplift - mingling of meteoric water and magmatic hydrothermal fluid separated from acidic magma under tensile or transitional tensile environment - water / rock reaction - transportation - chemical coupling ore precipitation
在分析超臨界成礦流體系統形成的區域地質背景和研究成礦物理化學條件的基礎上，探討了超臨界成礦流體系統形成的動力學條件，提出該系統的成礦機理：與燕山晚期酸性火山侵入巖漿有關的金銅礦床是在上地慢隆起、張性或向張性過渡背景下形成的，酸性巖漿經熔體流體分離作用形成的巖漿熱液與大氣降水混合，經水巖作用等復雜的輸運和化學反應耦合過程的動力學產物。In the third chapter of this dissertation, based on the physical and chemical properties of hydrogen and the combustion characteristics of hydrogen, the quasi - dimension combustion calculation model of hydrogen ? fueled engine is set up through analyzing the characteristics of turbulence flame and chemical reaction kinetic of hydrogen ? air mixture. the model includes the dual ? area thermodynamics sub - model, quasi - dimensional turbulent entrainment combustion sub ? model, turbulence flame promulgating sub ? model, hydrogen - air mixture chemical kinetic sub - model and loss of heat transfer sub - model and so on
本文從氫燃料的物化特性和燃燒特徵著手，通過分析氫空氣混合氣燃燒的湍流火焰結構和燃燒化學反應動力學，基於雙區燃燒模型，建立了包括雙區熱力學、準維湍流卷吸燃燒、湍流火焰傳播速度、氫空氣混合氣燃燒化學反應動力學以及傳熱損失等模塊的燃燒模型，並給出了相應的計算方法。The pilot fuel model has been given to calculate the distribution of the liquid fuel and time of fuel pre - combustion, at the same time, analyzing the important action to the combustion of the natural gas in the combustion chamber of engine, determining the best quantity of pilot fuel. the explosive combustion model has been established to compute the pressure of the cylinder during the combustion, determining the main influence factors. the emission model has been established to forecast the co, nox emission
理論方面，提出了基於化學反應的燃燒模型?多組分氣相反應系統的化學反應動力學模型，以此進行雙燃料發動機的熱力學?化學反應動力計算；引燃油燃燒模型，計算引燃油液滴的分佈規律和滯燃期，驗證引燃油在雙燃料發動機燃燒過程中的作用，揭示不同噴油規律對雙燃料發動機的影響，確定在不同負荷下的合理引燃油量；爆震模型，揭示爆震與工質能量釋放間的關系和影響爆震的各種運轉因素，確定合理的爆震依據，減小爆震傾向。Recently, a great progress has been made in aerodynamic optimization design technologies based on computational fluid dynamics. the control theory approach advocated by antony jameson is the typical methodology among them. its major advantage is that the computation of the sensitivity derivatives of cost function with respect to design variables is nearly independent of the number of design variables, which greatly saves the computational cost
近年來，計算流體力學（ cfd ）設計技術得到較大發展，其中最有代表性方法是jameson發展的基於控制理論（伴隨方法）的氣動優化設計技術，其顯著優點是目標函數對設計變量的梯度計算幾乎與設計變量數目無關，從而大量節省了計算費用，並成為當前cfd領域的研究熱點。In the beginning of cold - start, the monolith is heated only by the gas ; after light - off, the monolith is heated by the heat released by the chemical reaction
在冷起動初始階段，載體僅受排氣的加熱;當載體的溫度達到起燃溫度后，化學反應伴隨的放熱進一步加熱載體，使其溫度迅速上升。The process of flashing involves ionization on the dirty surface concerning the factors of electric, heat and chemicals, thermal dynamic equilibrium process of local electric arc occurrence and development
污閃是一種與電、熱和化學因素有關的污穢表面氣體電離及局部電弧發生、發展的熱動力學平衡過程。The systematic and synthetic description and review of lianas, chiefly in tropic, are described and reviewed in this paper, in which some ecological questions of lianas are included distributed as follows : ( 1 ) the conception and significances of lianas ; ( 2 ) liana flora and its distribution in the world ; ( 3 ) its biological characteristics ; ( 4 ) its ecological characteristics ; ( 5 ) its abundance ( density ) and species - richness in tropical forest ; ( 6 ) the ecological significance of lianas - aggregation in gap and the variance of its abundance in the process of forest succession ; ( 7 ) the relationship between lianas and trees ; ( 8 ) the positive and the negative contribution of lianas to tropical forest ; ( 9 ) the types of climbing mechanism of lianas and its competitive predominance ; ( 10 ) global climate - variance ( co2 increase ) promotes abundance of lianas to increase, and some ecological consequence are resulted from which
摘要對藤本植物（以熱帶為主）研究的動態與發展進行了綜述，其中包括： （ 1 ）藤本植物的概念及重要性； （ 2 ）藤本植物區系和分佈； （ 3 ）藤本植物的生物學特性； （ 4 ）藤本植物的生態學特性； （ 5 ）藤本在森林中的多度（密度）及種的豐富度； （ 6 ）藤本在空地上聚生的生態意義以及它們在森林演進過程中的消長； （ 7 ）藤本與樹木的相互關系； （ 8 ）藤本對森林正面和負面的影響； （ 9 ）藤本的攀援方式類別及其競爭優勢； （ 10 ）全球氣候變化（ co2濃度增高）促進藤本優勢度增長並導致不良的生態後果。To investigate the space / time distributions and occurrence and evolution of such events, the diffusion pattern over deserts, turbulent transfer features in sandstorm weather, the particle size distribution, mass concentration and its distribution, optic properties, chemical composition and physical factors responsible for the initiation of raising sands, we made integrative observation and sounding of sandstorms deep in the large - scale desert area, including tengri, badanjilin and maowusu, with the items consisting of micrometeorological measurement, 3d wind observation, data from kb - 120 and anderson samplers of mass concentrations of sands with their spectrum, the distribution of aerodynamic particle sizes from the aps3310a, retrieval of aerosols " optic depth from sunphotometer data, assay of the chemical composition by means of neutron activiation analysis ( naa ) and integrated study of all related factors for causing sandstorm to occur, based on the observations of all kinds
利用所取資料，系統分析了不同強度沙塵天氣條件下沙塵氣溶膠質量濃度和質量濃度譜、粒子譜分佈、光學厚度、化學組分等特徵；綜合分析了影響沙塵起動的諸物理因子在沙塵起動中的作用；用沙塵輸送模式對一次沙塵暴天氣造成的泥雨過程的形成機制進行了模擬。歷史氣象資料統計分析表明，沙塵暴有其高發期（ 4 、 5月）和高發時段（ 14 - 20時） ， 14時到20時之間發生的沙塵暴約占沙塵暴總次數的66 。揚沙和沙塵暴天氣條件下，湍流動量通量和湍流感熱通量都是重要的湍流交換，沙塵暴發生前近地層的超絕熱不穩定對沙塵暴天氣有加強作用。" disease is the bullet killing frogs, but climate change is pulling the trigger, " says alan pounds, an ecologist at the monteverde cloud forest preserve and tropical science center in costa rica
阿蘭?龐茲是哥斯大黎加的蒙特沃德雲霧森林保護區和熱帶科學中心的生態學家，他說： 「疾病是殺死蛙類的子彈，但扣動扳機的卻是氣候變化。 」Reaction parameters under kinetic control of coal - char pyrolysis and limestone calcination under o _ ( 2 ) / n _ ( 2 ) and o _ ( 2 ) / co _ ( 2 ) atmosphere on the thermobalance were obtained. the effect of different ratio of o _ ( 2 ) and co _ ( 2 ) ( n _ ( 2 ) ) to coal - char reaction was also discussed. simulated calculation was just consistent with the thermogravimetric test results
採用熱天平（ tga ）對兩種煤焦顆粒和兩種石灰石顆粒分別在o _ 2 / co _ 2氣氛、 o _ 2 / n _ 2氣氛下的反應特性進行了研究，得出了處在化學動力學控制區域內煤焦和石灰石的反應動力學參數，以及o _ 2與co _ 2 （ n _ 2 ）比例關系的變化對煤焦和石灰石熱重反應的影響，並且對試驗結果通過理論分析進行了模擬計算。Based on the observation data such as coads and soda, the main climatological features of the tropical indian ocean and relationships of sea surface temperature ( sst ), heat budget with ocean dynamics and thermodynamics processes are analyzed ; the seasonal and interannual variability of the tropical indian ocean are well simulated using a ocean general circulation model ; based on the thermal equation and model output data, the variation mechanism of sst and heat budget are investigated in the tropical indian ocean ; besides, the effect of seasonal variation of wind stress, ekman pumping and horizontal diffusivity on the ocean current and heat budget are studied, using both ideal model and complex model
本文根據coads 、 soda等實際觀測資料，較全面的分析了熱帶印度洋主要的氣候特點，並研究了海表面溫度（ sst ） 、熱收支與海洋動力、熱力過程的聯系；利用全球海洋環流模式較好地模擬出熱帶印度洋的季節和年際變化；基於熱力學方程和海洋環流模式輸出結果，探討了熱帶印度洋sst和北印度洋熱量收支的季節和年際變化機制，進一步揭示了海洋動力過程在北印度洋熱平衡中的重要作用；在此基礎上，利用理想化的數值試驗與數值模擬結果相結合的方式，證實了風應力的季節變化和ekman抽吸，以及水平熱量擴散系數對北印度洋海洋環流和熱收支的影響。A new method is put forward on thermodynamics combustion model to make imitating research on egr - a software is made to calculate the amount of no from the gasoline by connecting with the practical condition in our country, starting with thermodynamics and experiment at the same time make a system research to influence by the exhaust gas returning system on the gasoline, such as exhaust gas, fuel economy, and power, finally a new thought is afforded for optimizing all the egr parameter in chapter 6
第五章採用上述診斷和預測模型對bj492q發動機進行了模擬計算和實驗研究，並探討了點火提前角、殘余廢氣系數、燃空比、壓縮比和火花塞位置對發動機性能的影響。第六章提出了基於熱力學燃燒模型對egr進行數值模擬的方法，系統地研究了車用汽油機加裝egr系統后對排放、油耗、功率的影響，並結合排放標準。提出了egr參數的全局優化的新思路。Studying the heat - mass transfer and multi - spices electric - chemical reaction, a dynamic temperature model was deduced for molten - carbonate fuel cell stack. the thermal radiation, shift reaction, and the change of gas spices were considered in this model. establishing momentum equation, the paper has developed a 3d temperature and flow fields model for mcfc stack based on cfd technique
建立了熔融碳酸鹽燃料電池堆內部單體的暫態溫度模型，並考慮了電堆的輻射換熱、轉換反應、反應氣體組分變化對溫度場的影響；根據mcfc的微分控制方程組，考慮氣體組分的熱力學性質及動量變化的影響，利用數值分析方法求解熔融碳酸鹽燃料電池堆的三維流場與溫度場，分析了各作用因素對熔融碳酸鹽燃料電池堆溫度分佈的影響機制。Restoration ecology is ranked as one of three hotpots in biological realm as well as biological diversity and global climate change in recent years, which is one fresh branch of modem ecology. its primary research includes : the cause of degradation in ecosystem, techniques and methods of degraded ecosystem restoration and reconstruction, process and mechanism of ecology, research objectives of which are the destroyed ecosystems under the stress of natural catastrophes and human activities
恢復生態學與生物多樣性和全球氣候變化並列為生物領域的三大研究熱點，它主要研究生態系統退化的原因、退化生態系統恢復和重建的技術與方法、生態學過程與機理的科學，是現代生態學的年輕分支之一，其研究對象是一些在自然災變和人類活動壓力下受到破壞的生態系統。Based on the analysis of gas - solid multiphase catalytic reaction, the chemical reaction model is established. when the reaction is controlled by the chemical dynamic, the reaction rate is introduced by consideration of the adsorption and desorption effects. when the reaction is controlled by mass transfer, the diffusion coefficient is established which can present the flow rate increases in small reynolds domain ; for the internal diffusion, the internal diffusion coefficient is derived, and then the internal diffusion is coupled with chemical reaction to represent the phenomenon that the diffusion and the chemical reaction occur cocurrently
本文在考慮催化轉化器載體內發生的傳熱傳質現象的基礎上，建立了催化轉化器的一維單孔道和三維多孔道傳熱傳質模型;在分析載體內以氣-固多相催化反應為特點的工作機理的基礎上，建立了催化轉化器的化學反應模型:當催化轉化處于化學動力學控制區時，引入了考慮吸附、表面反應和脫附的表面化學反應速率公式，當催化轉化處于質量輸運控制區時，引入了決定外擴散能力的擴散系數公式和和決定內擴散速率的內擴散系數公式，並與化學反應速率相耦合，得出由擴散過程決定的化學反應速率公式。According to the physical model, a mathematical model and computational method were proposed. an axially symmetric transient thermal conduction equation was put forward, which included material pyrolysis, pyrolysis gas flow and chemical reaction in charred layer. chemical reaction was controlled by chemical dynamics, and the reaction rate was computed using arrhenious equation
針對物理模型提出了相應的數學模型和數值計算方法，在材料內部建立了二維軸對稱的非穩態導熱控制方程，其中加入了材料熱解、熱解氣體流動以及炭化層內的化學反應等因素的影響，化學反應由化學動力學控制，通過arrhenius公式確定其反應速率。Silicon nitride ( normally si3n4 ) has been widely used in such fields as micro - electronics and optoelectronics as a promising film material because of its excellent property. many researches have been made on silicon nitride, especially on preparation for it with all kinds of cvd ( chemical vapor deposition ). but the growth mechanism and kinetics of direct - nitridation in nitrogen are not investigated in detail, especially few work has been done on direct - nitridation of silicon wafer in nitrogen during heat treatment
氮化硅（ si _ 3n _ 4 ）具有許多特殊的優越性能，是一種前景廣闊的薄膜材料，並已廣泛應用於微電子、光電子領域，人們對此做了大量的研究，但主要集中在用各種化學氣相沉積的薄膜制備上，對直接氮化法的機理和動力學研究較少，特別是矽片在氮氣保護的熱處理條件下的直接氮化行為研究更少，甚至對矽片在熱處理條件下能否與惰性的氮氣發生反應等問題依然存在爭論。This work include : in order to demarcate chemical kinetic model inwhich organic matter generate oil and gas, constant velocity, rising temperature thermal modeling experiment is designed ; in order to demarcate chemical kinetic model inwhich oil crack into gas, isothermic thermal modeling experiment inwhich oil crack into gas is designed ; in order to establish chemical kinetic model inwhich family constituents in oil ( saturated hydrocarbon, arene, non - hydrocarbon, bitumen ) change into gas, isothermic or constant velocity jsothermal modeling experiment is designed
這一工作包括：為標定有機質成油、成氣的化學動力學模型，設計進行了恆速升溫熱模擬實驗；為標定油成氣的化學動力學模型，設計進行了等溫的油裂解成氣的熱模擬實驗；為建立油中各族組分（飽和烴、芳烴、非烴、瀝青質）成氣的化學動力學模型，進行了恆溫或恆速升溫模擬實驗。The calculated results are in agreement with the measured ones, indicating that according to the flow rate and composition of the exhaust gas and the mass and the carbon content of the liquid iron, the carbon content of steel bath can be dynamically determined ; with the aid of thermodynamic equilibrium analysis, the dynamic variation of temperature of the steel bath can be forecasted from the dynamic carbon content and the data from the exhaust gas analysis system
該模型計算結果與檢測結果吻合較好，這表明：通過煙氣流量、成分及鐵水質量和初始碳含量可動態地確定熔池中的碳含量；以動態確定的碳含量為基礎，結合爐氣分析數據，再經熱力學平衡分析，可預測熔池溫度的動態變化。Abstract : analysis is made on types and performances of protective atmospheres of the steel tube heat treatment furnace with protective atmosphere, and also dynamic analysis on the non - oxidation equilibrium conditions of the chemical process of atmosphere of the said furnace is made
文摘:分析了鋼管保護氣氛熱處理爐的保護氣氛類型及性能，對鋼管保護氣氛熱處理爐內氣氛的化學過程動態分析了無氧化的平衡條件。分享友人