水文梯度 的英文怎麼說

中文拼音 [shuǐwéntīdù]
水文梯度 英文
hydrologic gradient
  • 水 : 名詞1 （由兩個氫原子和一個氧原子結合而成的液體） water 2 （河流） river 3 （指江、河、湖、海、洋...
  • 文 : Ⅰ名詞1 （字） character; script; writing 2 （文字） language 3 （文章） literary composition; wri...
  • 梯 : Ⅰ名詞1 （梯子; 樓梯） ladder; stairs; steps; staircase 2 （姓氏） a surname Ⅱ形容詞（形狀像樓梯的...
  • 度 : 度動詞[書面語] （推測; 估計） surmise; estimate
  • 水文 : hydrology水文測驗 hydrologic survey; 水文成因分析 hydrologicall genetic analysis; 水文地理學 hydr...
  1. Increscent weight of oxidation, graphic and micrographic were explored, meanwhile, the mechanism of anti - erosion and wear - resistant of new coating material are also studied. at last, a program applied to calculate the temperature distribution and heat transmission between water wall tubes with sprayed coatings and metal anti - erosion tile was developed by use of visual basic

    文中最後採用vb6語言計算機編程，計算了不同材料塗層對鍋爐水冷壁管的傳熱效果及徑向溫度梯度的影響，同時與加裝了防護瓦和未加任何防護的水冷壁管進行了比較。
  2. As a result, in the paper, considering the altitudinal effect ( topography factor ) and the influence on the temperature lapse rate by topography and latitude and longitude and moisture transfer, the study on the daily surface air mean, max and min temperature in the reaches of yangtze rive is attempted by five models, which include the gaussian weighted model, the gaussian weighted model associated with the error - modification, the gradient plus inverse distance squared model and the modified gaussian weighted model a and b that take topography - factor into account

    本文考慮海拔高度和溫度直減率受地形和經、緯度及水汽等因素的影響，通過利用高斯權重法、結合逐步訂正的高斯權重法、梯度距離權重反比法和加入地形影響項（地形因子）的兩種改進高斯權重法的方案a 、 b ，對長江流域的地面日平均、最高和最低氣溫場進行了空間化插值研究。
  3. Then the article analyses the effecting elements about the economic result of blasting and puts forward some improving measures, and summarizes optimizing model on economic result of blasting both internal and overseas bearing upon. the theory is based on the blasting cost model, which proposed by dr. zhong hanrong. combining with the specialties of water and electricity engineering, starting off through blasting result, it emphasizing considers drilling cost, deep hole bench blasting cost, reblasting cost, and the cost of bottom fleet hole blasting that in mixed loading emulsion explosive blasting

    本文在加拿大鐘漢榮博士提出的爆破成本模型基礎上，結合水電工程的特點，從爆破效果出發，著重考慮了應用混裝乳化炸藥爆破的鉆孔成本、深孔梯段爆破成本、二次爆破成本和爆破后根底淺孔爆破成本，以塊度、振動、安全為約束條件，以這四項成本最小為目標函數，廣泛收集各種爆破經濟技術條件，建立了爆破優化經濟數學模型。
  4. Abstract : the restoration of the riparian vegetation disturbed by human activities is one of the hotspots of watershed ecology. through interpreting the images of remote sensing in 1985 and 1999, the basic information of forest resources of lushuihe forest bureau, which is a typical forest area of changbai mountain, was obtained with support of gis. by dividing land covers of lushuihe area into 10 types ( water body, residential land, stump land, farming land, wetland, mature conifer forest, midlife conifer forest, mature broadleaf forest, midlife broadleaf forest, and man - made young forest ) and dividing the riparian zone into four buffers ( in turn, 1000, 2000, 3000, 4000 m away from the river ), the changes of riparian forest resources during 1985 - 1999 were analyzed. the results showed that the deforestation intension has obviously decreased and the whole environment has been evidently improved, but the riparian ecosystem was still flimsy. in buffer 1, 2, 3, the area of midlife conifer forest increased largely, but the areas of other types of land covers all decreased. midlife conifer forest had a comparatively good status in the three buffers. in buffer 4, midlife conifer forest, mature conifer forest, and mature broadleaf forest formed a forest - age rank that is helpful to stabilize the forest ecosystem and exert its functions. area percentage of wetland decreased in buffer 1, buffer 2, and buffer 3, even in buffer 4 in which forest ecosystem rehabilitated comparatively well, so protecting and rehabilitating wetland is a very difficult task

    文摘:本文對兩期遙感圖像進行解譯，並在gis支持下提取露水河林業局主要河流兩岸各緩沖區森林資源信息，經分析得到各類地物在1985年及1999年的變化趨勢.結果表明:在河流沿岸對森林的採伐強度1999年較1985年明顯減小，整體生態環境較1985年有所改善.在緩沖區1 ， 2 ， 3除中齡針葉林大幅度增加外，其它地物類型面積均減少，由此可以看出，在這三個緩沖區內針葉林得到了較好的恢復.在緩沖區4內，中齡針葉林、成熟針葉林、成熟闊葉林形成一個林齡梯隊，有利於森林生態系統的穩定與功能的發揮，十五年間緩沖區4受到的干擾相對較小.濕地數量在四個緩沖區內均有所減少，雖然在緩沖區4內森林生態系統恢復的較好，但濕地面積仍有所減少，說明保護及恢復濕地資源是一件非常艱巨的任務，必須引起高度重視.圖5表2參12
  5. It has high selectivity in adsorpting water, polar molecule or polarizable molecule on account of the existing of mighty coulomb field and polar interaction in the internal of crystal cave of zeolite, the high electric field gradient and the uneven surface caused by the exposure of exchangable cation of equilibrium framework negative charge in framework structures

    由於分子篩晶穴內部有強太原理工大學碩士學位論文摘要大的庫侖場和極性作用，再加上骨架中大量平衡骨架負電荷的可交換陽離子的暴露造成的高電場梯度及表面的不均性，使其對水、極性分子及可極化的分子具有高選擇的吸附性能。
  6. Compared with the reality, it shows that this model and its parameters are defined reasonablly. to analyse the arrangement of drainage system with different spacings and depths, with unsteady flow formula and benefit index, this paper gives a two - dimensional non - linear programing model for arrangement of drainage system in the barley field, which can be solved by the method of projected gradient. by this model, we make out the optimum solution of spacings and depth of pvc pipe in littoral area of changjiang river that is s = 21. 5 8m, h = l. lm

    論文通過對不同埋深、間距的塑料暗管排水布局的分析，結合非穩定流公式和效益指標，提出了麥田排水暗管布局的二維非線性規劃模型，並利用梯度投影法求解，得出長江下游濱海地區塑料排水暗管埋設的最優方案為埋深h = 1 . 1m ，間距s = 21 . 58m 。
  7. Surrounding these special problems met in gas hydrates exploration and through study of high - precision magnetic survey, the sea test by r / v haiyang 1y that is owned by guangzhou marine geological survey in dongsha area of the south china sea, systematical analysis of the test result and combination interpretation of magnetic survey with seismic profile, the authors successfully employ the method to recognize the truth or false of the diapir in seismic profile by integrating total field of high - precision marine magnetic measurement with its gradient change

    本文就目前天然氣水合物調查中存在的這些特殊技術問題，通過對海上高精度磁力測量技術方法研究、廣州海洋地質調查局「海洋四號」船在南海北部東沙海域的海上試驗、對試驗結果的系統研究分析以及磁測和地震剖面兩種手段的綜合解釋，成功地嘗試了用高精度海洋磁測成果中的磁力總場和梯度變化特徵來識別水合物勘探中高解析度地震剖面上的泥底辟構造真偽的技術方法。
  8. ( 5 ) based on 1 - d horizontal tests for coupled movement of soil water, salt and heat transfer, theoretical analyses on the influence of temperature gradient on soil water and salt movement were conducted

    西安理工大學博士學位論文（ 5 ）根據水平一維土壤水鹽熱耦合遷移試驗，分析了溫度勢梯度對水鹽運動影響的機理。
  9. Using the literature materials and experience before, this paper makes a thorough study on optimal design of water supply networks. an algorithm of decomposing and coordination of system engineering which divides the optimization of the whole networks into three parts, i. e. optimization of water resource flow, and pipe - diameter and standardization of pipe - diameter is proposed. the three parts can be resolved by generalized contracted grads method, hybrid genetic algorithm which is the combination of genetic algorithm and grg method separately

    本文根據以往的文獻資料及相關工程經驗，針對給水管網優化設計這一課題做了深入的研究，提出利用分層分解協調演算法將管網優化設計問題分解成流量優化、管徑優化及管徑取整三個子課題的思想，並分別採用廣義簡約梯度法、遺傳演算法與廣義簡約梯度法相結合的混合遺傳演算法及簡單遺傳演算法來求解三個課題。
  10. Optimal periodic control with the lowest operational cost by limiting total substrate discharge mass was studied. through adding new state variable and using supplement functions, the problem with restriction conditions was converted into nonrestriction problem. in addition, the dynamic searching method of optimal step coefficient was developed to modify the conventional gradient method, consequently the calculation problem of the multivariable optimal periodic control was able to be resolved better. it was found that the operational costs of optimal control under various initial states are distinctly different. a new concept of optimal control under optimal initial state was presented. it is pointed out emphatically that to the treatment system without optimal control condition, the suboptimal control with extensive practical value can be realized according to the results of optima control

    著重研究了在限制有機物排放總量時，使其運行費用最低的最優周期控制問題.通過增加新的狀態變量和用補償函數法，將本課題的有約束條件問題化為無約束條件問題，並提出了最優步長參數的動態搜索法來修改傳統的梯度法，從而較完善地解決了多變量最優周期控制的計算問題.研究中還發現了不同初始條件下最優控制所需要的運行費用也大不相同，進而提出了最優初始狀態下最優周期控制的新概念，這對保證出水質量的同時進一步降低污水處理成本來說具有更重要的意義.本文還強調指出：對于尚不具備實現最優控制條件的處理系統，可根據最優控制的研究結果實現具有廣泛實用價值的準最優控制
  11. Length, diameter, density, fresh weight, dry weight, water content, osmotic potential and element concentrations ( ca, mg, na, k, cl ) were determined for each. seedling of b. gymnorrhiza and a. corniculatum were cultured for 60 days on various salinity of seawater ( 0, 5, 10, 15, 20, 30, 40, 50 ) in green house. samples were taken at 3, 7, 11, 15, 22, 30, 45 and 60 days after planting, separated into root, hypocotyl, stem and leaf

    本文研究了福建九龍江口木欖和桐花樹胎生繁殖體從果實形成到發育成熟過程中形態、生物量、含水量、胚軸密度、滲透勢、五種主要礦質元素（ ca 、 mg 、 na 、 k 、 cl ）等的變化和溫室內人工鹽度梯度栽培下木欖和桐花樹成熟繁殖體長成幼苗（ 0 60d ）過程中形態、生物量、含水量、滲透勢、光合蒸騰特性、五種主要礦質元素（ ca 、 mg 、 na 、 k 、 cl ）等的變化；並且在野外自然條件下，跟蹤調查不同灘塗位置下秋茄成熟繁殖體定居成活、自然死亡狀況以及測定幼苗生長過程中（ 1年）形態、生物量、含水量、光合蒸騰特性等的變化。
  12. Based on this, the upper controlling index of soil water content is 80. 4 % and the days of waterlogged and salinization tolerance is 3. 2 days. the moisture and salinization movement mathematical model in the field under subdrainage condition is based on the assumption of neglecting the effects of horizontal hydraulic gradient, it can analogy the changes of soil water content and salinization which are changed with times and depth

    論文在忽略水平方向水力梯度影響的假定下建立了排水條件下麥田水鹽運移模型，模擬土壤水鹽含量隨時間、空間的變化情況。經與實測資料對比發現，計算值與實測值較為接近，故該模型及參數的確定是合理的，可用於預測麥田水鹽的動態變化。
  13. Abstract : the image of arc zone of flux - cored underwater wet welding was developed with underwater ccd camera system and composed filter technology. the discussion is mainly focused on the theory of edge detection. an image edge detection method based on median filter and grads algorithm was developed to detect the arc burning zone and arc bubble zone efficiently, which laid the foundation for further analysis of underwater wet welding arc mechanism and process control

    文摘:通過復合濾光技術和水下ccd攝像系統，採集出了藥芯焊絲水下濕法焊接電弧區域圖像，重點論述了邊緣檢測理論，確定了基於中值濾波和梯度運算元的電弧區域圖像邊緣檢測方法，有效地區分了電弧燃燒區域和電弧氣泡區域，從而為水下濕法焊接電弧的機理分析及水下焊接過程式控制制奠定了基礎。
  14. Combining with advanced science and technology such as modem computer network technology, database management system and modem communication technology etc, the reservoir dispatching automatization system has developed from the indispensable application system such as water inspecting system, flood forecasting system, reservoir dispatching and water information querying system etc into an integrated functioning system used for the dispatching of water power stations. using the management information system, database management system, geographic infonnation system, optimization technology, statistics etc. this paper with the project background of the three gorges cascade dispatching of reservoirs, bring forward the plan of dispatching automation system of three gorges cascade reservoirs. this project have been adopted in the three gorges project

    本文應用信息管理系統、數據庫管理系統，地理信息系統、最優化技術、統計學等方面的理論和知識，以滿足三峽工程梯級水庫調度的需要為前提，提出了三峽工程梯級水庫調度自動化系統的方案結構，該方案已被三峽工程的建設所采納，同時，在水情遙測系統的通信組網方式上，本文提出的inmarsat - c與pstn聯合組網的通信方式，在我國水電站的水情測報系統中，首次在葛洲壩項目中成功地應用，並且該方式也將應用於三峽水庫調度自動化系統。
  15. Then this paper devises experiments to research on the laws of water vapor transfer in unsaturated soil, studies the amount of water vapor transfer under different water contents, different water content gradients, different densities, different transfer time and the difference between loess and sands, studies the ratio of water vapor transfer contrasting with admixture transfer, and which can make us judge the importance of water vapor transfer in unsaturated soils by intuition

    進而論文設計試驗研究了非飽和土中氣態水遷移的規律，考查了不同含水量梯度、不同含水量水平、不同密實度、不同遷移時間以及非飽和砂土和黃土這兩種不同土性條件下氣態水遷移量的大小，以及在上述不同條件下氣態水遷移量約占總混合遷移量的比例，使我們可以定性地判斷出非飽和土中氣態水遷移的重要性。
  16. Several influence factors to result plasma drift in hainan were analyzed. in this paper the characteristics of ionospheric parameters variation were analyzed systematically and some new results in storm - time such as seasonal behaviors were obtained ; it is the first time to investigate the ionospheric drift behavior in hainan and some new results was obtained, the relationships between each two plasma drift velocity components in storm time in hainan were found and the electric filed variation in hainan ionosphere also was obtained ; the results also show that there are big differences of the ionosphere parameters bo and bl obtained from the data with that obtained from the iri - 2001 applied for hainan ; a new phenomena was found during a strong magnetic storm, that a layer with very strong electron density and density grad was found during the recovery phase of the storm, its horizontal scale is beyond 100km and temporal scale is about 2 hours, this phenomena repeated 3 times continuously. a type of negative disturbance in high and low latitude but positive disturbance in east - asia also has been found

    本文較為系統地給出了海南地區電離層的參數變化特徵，特別是得到了一些暴時與以往不同的季節特性；第一次給出了海南地區的電離層等離子體漂移特徵，發現等離子體漂移暴時擾動在三個方向上有內在的聯系，得到了電場變化曲線；研究結果還表明海南電離層的半厚指數和形狀參數等與國際參考電離層iri - 2001存在很大差別；通過對強磁擾動事件期間的參數變化特性分析發現，在磁暴恢復相期間海南地區電離層底部存在一個電子密度非常大的高密度區，高密度區底部電子密度梯度隨高度急劇增加，該區域的水平尺度可達100公里以上時間尺度約為2小時，連續出現過三次，這是一個在海南從來未發現的新現象；研究還發現了暴時東亞地區電離層擾動會出現高低緯負相而中緯正相的現象。
  17. In this paper a numerical method for equations of transport and biodegradation in the fractured media is discussed. because the equations consist of terms related to advection, diffusion, biochemical as well as the term of exchange betwen the fracture and the porous media, it is very difficult to find their solution. in order to find more efficient method for solving these equations, several numerical methods for the equations without biochemical terms are discussed first. the numerical results show that the cubic spline method can be used to solve advection flow dominated problem which often occurred in the fractured media. then, the equation with both advection - diffusion term and biochemical term are discussed. the splitting - operator is used to decouple the advection and diffusion terms with biochemical term in the equations. the way to determine the smaller time step for solving fast biochemical terms is introduced through comparing the order of characteristic time of biochemical term with that advection ( diffusion ) term. numerical simulation results show that good agreement between analytical solution and experiment result is attained

    本文討論了含裂隙介質地下水污染物輸運與生物降解非線性方程組數值求解方法.方程含有對流項、擴散項、生長、死亡、吸附、解吸、趨化和孔隙與裂隙介質界面間的交換項的非線性偶合，使演算法十分困難.本文討論了無生化過程時的幾種求解方法，數值結果表明：用三次迎風插值法對常見的對流項占優勢，且場變量有較大梯度的問題較適用.在討論有生化反應過程時，利用對流項與生化反應項的特徵時間量級估算，給出了求生化過程作用子步的時間步長估算辦法.用上述方法所得到的模擬結果與解析解、無化學反應和有化學反應的實測值對比，吻合很好
  18. In this paper, the concept of fgm is firstly applied in cement - based materials to study the effect of dispersion phase gradient distribution in cement - based materials on physicomechanical property and functions after the effect of dispersion phase and its mechanism in cement - based materials were analyzed

    本文首次運用水泥基梯度功能材料的概念，分析了分散相在水泥基材料中的作用及其作用機理，探討了分散相梯度分佈對水泥基復合材料物理力學性能以及功能特性的影響。
  19. This thesis has carried out the following working according to the seawater non - convection solar pond : 1

    本文主要針對海水非對流型鹽梯度太陽池，進行如下主要工作： 1
  20. The seawater solar pond model is a development and innovation from the traditional sgsp, with the character of lower cost, simpler operation and more practical

    本文所提出的海水太陽池模型是對鹽梯度太陽池的發展和創新，具有造價低廉、運行簡便、實用性強的優點。
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